diff --git a/.github/workflows/windows-build.yml b/.github/workflows/windows-build.yml
index 40edbd37..5337f3fd 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/windows-build.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/windows-build.yml
@@ -386,7 +386,7 @@ jobs:
               throw "Windows smoke executable failed with exit code $($process.ExitCode)"
           }
           if ($stdout.Trim() -ne 'windows-smoke-ok:zts') {
-              throw "Unexpected Windows smoke output: $stdout"
+            throw "Unexpected Windows smoke output: $stdout"
           }
 
       - name: Run Windows Nano smoke test
@@ -397,7 +397,8 @@ jobs:
           $env:PHPRC = Join-Path $env:PHP_HOME 'php.ini'
           $env:PATH = "$env:PHPX_HOME\build;$env:PATH"
           $nanoExe = Join-Path '${{ github.workspace }}' 'tests\windows\smoke\windows_nano_smoke.exe'
-          & .\tpc.exe tests\windows\smoke\project.yml --nano --output $nanoExe --job 1 --no-progress
+          $nanoBuildDir = Join-Path $env:RUNNER_TEMP 'typephp-windows-nano-console-build'
+          & .\tpc.exe tests\windows\smoke\project.yml --nano --build-dir $nanoBuildDir --output $nanoExe --job 1 --no-progress
           if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) {
               throw "Windows Nano smoke project compilation failed with exit code $LASTEXITCODE"
           }
@@ -407,12 +408,22 @@ jobs:
               throw "Windows Nano smoke executable was not generated: $nanoExe"
           }
 
+          $nanoImports = (& dumpbin.exe /imports $nanoExe | Out-String)
+          if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) {
+              throw "dumpbin failed for Windows Nano executable with exit code $LASTEXITCODE"
+          }
+          if ($nanoImports -match '(?im)^\s*php(?:x|\d.*)?\.dll\s*$') {
+              throw "Windows Nano executable imports a PHP/PHPX runtime DLL:`n$nanoImports"
+          }
+
           $processInfo = [Diagnostics.ProcessStartInfo]::new()
           $processInfo.FileName = $nanoExe
-          $processInfo.ArgumentList.Add('zts')
+          $processInfo.ArgumentList.Add('nts')
           $processInfo.UseShellExecute = $false
           $processInfo.RedirectStandardOutput = $true
           $processInfo.RedirectStandardError = $true
+          $processInfo.Environment['PATH'] = "$env:SystemRoot\System32;$env:SystemRoot"
+          $processInfo.Environment.Remove('PHPRC')
 
           $process = [Diagnostics.Process]::new()
           $process.StartInfo = $processInfo
@@ -429,26 +440,32 @@ jobs:
           if ($process.ExitCode -ne 0) {
               throw "Windows Nano smoke executable failed with exit code $($process.ExitCode)"
           }
-          if ($stdout.Trim() -ne 'windows-smoke-ok:zts') {
-              throw "Unexpected Windows Nano smoke output: $stdout"
+          if ($stdout.Trim() -ne 'windows-smoke-ok:nts') {
+            throw "Unexpected Windows Nano smoke output: $stdout"
           }
 
           $policyInfo = [Diagnostics.ProcessStartInfo]::new()
           $policyInfo.FileName = $nanoExe
-          $policyInfo.ArgumentList.Add('zts')
+          $policyInfo.ArgumentList.Add('nts')
           $policyInfo.ArgumentList.Add('nano')
           $policyInfo.UseShellExecute = $false
           $policyInfo.RedirectStandardOutput = $true
           $policyInfo.RedirectStandardError = $true
+          $policyInfo.Environment['PATH'] = "$env:SystemRoot\System32;$env:SystemRoot"
+          $policyInfo.Environment.Remove('PHPRC')
 
           $policyProcess = [Diagnostics.Process]::new()
           $policyProcess.StartInfo = $policyInfo
           if (-not $policyProcess.Start()) {
               throw 'Unable to start the Windows Nano policy probe'
           }
+          if (-not $policyProcess.WaitForExit(30000)) {
+              $policyProcess.Kill()
+              $policyProcess.WaitForExit()
+              throw 'Windows Nano policy probe timed out'
+          }
           $policyStdout = $policyProcess.StandardOutput.ReadToEnd()
           $policyStderr = $policyProcess.StandardError.ReadToEnd()
-          $policyProcess.WaitForExit()
 
           Write-Host "Windows Nano policy stdout: $policyStdout"
           Write-Host "Windows Nano policy stderr: $policyStderr"
@@ -457,15 +474,16 @@ jobs:
               throw 'Windows Nano policy probe unexpectedly succeeded'
           }
           $policyOutput = "$policyStdout`n$policyStderr"
-          if (-not $policyOutput.Contains('Function `exec` is not supported in nano mode')) {
+          if (-not $policyOutput.Contains("function 'call_user_func' is undefined.")) {
               throw "Windows Nano policy probe returned an unexpected error: $policyOutput"
           }
 
-          # A GUI-subsystem Nano application uses the same generated entry and
-          # DLL backend, but must also link without a console window.
+          # A GUI-subsystem Nano application uses the same source-composed
+          # runtime, but must also link without a console window.
           $nanoGuiExe = Join-Path '${{ github.workspace }}' 'tests\windows\smoke\windows_nano_gui_smoke.exe'
+          $nanoGuiBuildDir = Join-Path $env:RUNNER_TEMP 'typephp-windows-nano-gui-build'
           $env:PHPRC = Join-Path $env:PHP_HOME 'php.ini'
-          & .\tpc.exe tests\windows\smoke\project.yml --nano --no-console --output $nanoGuiExe --job 1 --no-progress
+          & .\tpc.exe tests\windows\smoke\project.yml --nano --no-console --build-dir $nanoGuiBuildDir --output $nanoGuiExe --job 1 --no-progress
           if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) {
               throw "Windows Nano GUI project compilation failed with exit code $LASTEXITCODE"
           }
@@ -473,6 +491,14 @@ jobs:
           if (-not (Test-Path $nanoGuiExe)) {
               throw "Windows Nano GUI executable was not generated: $nanoGuiExe"
           }
+          $guiImports = (& dumpbin.exe /imports $nanoGuiExe | Out-String)
+          if ($guiImports -match '(?im)^\s*php(?:x|\d.*)?\.dll\s*$') {
+              throw "Windows Nano GUI executable imports a PHP/PHPX runtime DLL:`n$guiImports"
+          }
+          $guiHeaders = (& dumpbin.exe /headers $nanoGuiExe | Out-String)
+          if ($guiHeaders -notmatch '(?im)^\s*2\s+subsystem\b') {
+              throw "Windows Nano GUI executable is not linked with the Windows GUI subsystem:`n$guiHeaders"
+          }
 
       - name: Package tested Windows compiler
         if: startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/')
diff --git a/README-CN.md b/README-CN.md
index c499caa6..7de62a4b 100644
--- a/README-CN.md
+++ b/README-CN.md
@@ -243,20 +243,19 @@ string(16) "Linux ..."
 默认可执行文件生成在执行 `tpc` 时的当前目录；普通模式与 Nano 模式共用
 `build` 目录保存生成代码、目标文件等中间产物。可使用 `-o` 显式修改输出路径。
 
-PHP 与 Composer 仅用于编译期。在 Linux、macOS、iOS、Android 上，生成的程序
-使用静态选定的 Nano 运行时及仅文件模式的 stream。Native Nano 可使用 C11、
-C++17 与 POSIX.1-2008，但依然不提供 socket、DNS、网络、远程 stream、动态 PHP
-加载及进程执行能力。WASI 是更小的能力子集，直接调用目标不支持的 API 会在
-编译期报错。
+PHP 与 Composer 仅用于编译期。在 Windows、Linux、macOS、iOS、Android 上，
+生成程序都会把选中的 PHP Nano 与 PHPX 源码直接编译进最终 exe 或库，不导入
+`php.dll`、`phpx.dll`，也不依赖宿主 `libphp`/`libphpx`。运行时使用仅文件模式的
+stream，依然不提供 socket、DNS、网络、远程 stream、动态 PHP 加载及进程执行
+能力。WASI 是更小的能力子集，直接调用目标不支持的 API 会在编译期报错。
 
 所有平台的 `--nano` 都会拒绝 `eval`、`include`、`include_once`、`require`、
 `require_once` 等 VM 入口以及匿名类。
 
-Windows 通过独立构建后端支持 `mode: bin` 和 `mode: lib` 的 Nano 原生应用：它仍走
-宿主机编译、链接流程，通过 import library 连接 `php.dll` 与 `phpx.dll`。Windows 不加载
-`swoole/php-nano`、`swoole/phpx` 的源码清单，也不会把它们的 C/C++ 源文件加入
-项目 `sources`。外部命令 API 与反引号语法依然会被拒绝；请求启动时还会从 Zend
-函数表移除这些命令函数，避免变量函数或回调形式绕过编译期检查。
+Windows 的 `mode: bin` 和 `mode: lib` 与 Linux、macOS 使用相同的源码组合契约：
+MSVC 将 C11 PHP Nano、C++17 PHPX 与生成的 TypePHP 源码连接为同一个 PE 产物；
+仅允许保留正常的 Windows 系统库和编译器运行库依赖。外部命令 API 与反引号语法
+在所有平台均由相同的 Nano 能力策略拒绝。
 
 除运行时 sources、头文件目录、编译宏和链接输入外，Nano 与普通模式共用同一套
 命令行参数解析、TypePHP 代码生成、并行任务调度、编译进度条、输出路径规则以及
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index a8866bf9..b0305349 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -277,24 +277,23 @@ By default, the executable is emitted in the directory where `tpc` was invoked.
 Normal and Nano builds share the `build` directory for generated code, objects,
 and other intermediate files. Use `-o` to select a different output path.
 
-PHP and Composer remain build-time tools. On Linux, macOS, iOS, and Android,
-the generated program uses the statically selected Nano runtime and its
-file-only stream layer. Native Nano may use C11, C++17, and POSIX.1-2008, but
-socket/DNS/network, remote streams, dynamic PHP loading, and process execution
-remain unavailable. WASI is a smaller subset; direct calls to APIs missing from
-that target are compile-time errors.
+PHP and Composer remain build-time tools. On Windows, Linux, macOS, iOS, and
+Android, the generated program compiles the selected PHP Nano and PHPX sources
+directly into the final executable or library. It does not import `php.dll`,
+`phpx.dll`, or a host `libphp`/`libphpx`. The runtime retains its file-only
+stream layer; socket/DNS/network, remote streams, dynamic PHP loading, and
+process execution remain unavailable. WASI is a smaller subset; direct calls
+to APIs missing from that target are compile-time errors.
 
 On every platform, `--nano` rejects the VM entry paths `eval`, `include`,
 `include_once`, `require`, and `require_once`, as well as anonymous classes.
 
-Windows supports Nano native applications in `mode: bin` and `mode: lib` through
-a different build backend: it keeps the existing host compile/link pipeline and
-connects to `php.dll` and `phpx.dll` through their import libraries. It does not
-load the `swoole/php-nano` or
-`swoole/phpx` source manifests, nor append their C/C++ files to project `sources`.
-External-command APIs and backtick syntax are still rejected. Those command
-functions are also removed from the Zend function table at request startup, so
-indirect variable/callback calls cannot bypass the policy.
+Windows supports Nano native applications in `mode: bin` and `mode: lib` with
+the same source-composition contract as Linux and macOS. MSVC compiles the C11
+PHP Nano sources, the C++17 PHPX sources, and generated TypePHP sources into one
+PE artifact; only Windows system and compiler-runtime DLLs may remain as normal
+platform dependencies. External-command APIs and backtick syntax are rejected
+by the same Nano capability policy on every platform.
 
 Except for runtime sources, include directories, compile definitions, and link
 inputs, Nano and normal mode share command-line parsing, TypePHP code generation,
diff --git a/composer.json b/composer.json
index e83be439..c6782a21 100644
--- a/composer.json
+++ b/composer.json
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
     "phpunit/phpunit": "^10.4",
     "friendsofphp/php-cs-fixer": "^3.40",
     "phpstan/phpstan": "^2.2",
-    "swoole/php-nano": "^1.0.2"
+    "swoole/php-nano": "^1.1"
   },
   "autoload": {
     "psr-4": {
diff --git a/phpunit/src/Backend/BackendOptionsTest.php b/phpunit/src/Backend/BackendOptionsTest.php
index 16c46b61..60b8e2cf 100644
--- a/phpunit/src/Backend/BackendOptionsTest.php
+++ b/phpunit/src/Backend/BackendOptionsTest.php
@@ -37,6 +37,19 @@ class BackendOptionsTest extends TestCase
         $this->assertStringContainsString('/nologo', $options);
     }
 
+    public function testMsvcNanoSectionGarbageCollectionOptions(): void
+    {
+        $compiler = new Msvc(new Windows());
+
+        $compileOptions = $compiler->buildCompileOptions(['section_gc' => true]);
+        self::assertStringContainsString('/Gy', $compileOptions);
+        self::assertStringContainsString('/Gw', $compileOptions);
+
+        $linkOptions = $compiler->buildLinkOptions(['section_gc' => true]);
+        self::assertStringContainsString('/OPT:REF', $linkOptions);
+        self::assertStringContainsString('/OPT:ICF', $linkOptions);
+    }
+
     /**
      * 测试 MSVC 编译选项 - ZTS 模式
      */
diff --git a/phpunit/src/Build/ComposerNativePackageTest.php b/phpunit/src/Build/ComposerNativePackageTest.php
index 1a2a644c..a3378890 100644
--- a/phpunit/src/Build/ComposerNativePackageTest.php
+++ b/phpunit/src/Build/ComposerNativePackageTest.php
@@ -72,6 +72,29 @@ final class ComposerNativePackageTest extends TestCase
         );
     }
 
+    public function testLoadsWindowsPlatformSourcesIncludesAndDefines(): void
+    {
+        $this->installFixture(true);
+        mkdir($this->directory . '/windows');
+        file_put_contents($this->directory . '/src/windows.c', 'int typephp_windows(void) { return 1; }');
+
+        $manifestPath = $this->directory . '/composer.json';
+        $manifest = json_decode((string) file_get_contents($manifestPath), true, flags: JSON_THROW_ON_ERROR);
+        $manifest['extra']['typephp-native']['defines'] = ['COMMON=1'];
+        $manifest['extra']['typephp-native']['platforms']['windows'] = [
+            'sources' => ['src/windows.c'],
+            'include-dirs' => ['windows'],
+            'defines' => ['WINDOWS_NATIVE=1'],
+        ];
+        file_put_contents($manifestPath, json_encode($manifest, JSON_THROW_ON_ERROR));
+
+        $package = ComposerNativePackage::load('swoole/php-ext-example', null, 'Windows');
+
+        self::assertContains(realpath($this->directory . '/src/windows.c'), $package->sources);
+        self::assertContains(realpath($this->directory . '/windows'), $package->includeDirs);
+        self::assertSame(['COMMON=1', 'WINDOWS_NATIVE=1'], $package->defines);
+    }
+
     private function installFixture(bool $requireRuntime): void
     {
         $manifest = [
diff --git a/phpunit/src/Build/NanoBuildBackendTest.php b/phpunit/src/Build/NanoBuildBackendTest.php
index 8de617c0..75b91f08 100644
--- a/phpunit/src/Build/NanoBuildBackendTest.php
+++ b/phpunit/src/Build/NanoBuildBackendTest.php
@@ -7,22 +7,17 @@ use TypePhp\Build\NanoBuildBackend;
 
 final class NanoBuildBackendTest extends TestCase
 {
-    public function testWindowsKeepsTheHostDllBuildBackend(): void
-    {
-        self::assertSame(NanoBuildBackend::WINDOWS_DLL, NanoBuildBackend::forHost('Windows'));
-        self::assertFalse(NanoBuildBackend::composesRuntimeSources('Windows'));
-    }
-
-    /** @dataProvider nonWindowsHosts */
-    public function testNonWindowsHostsComposeComposerRuntimeSources(string $osFamily): void
+    /** @dataProvider nativeHosts */
+    public function testEveryNativeHostComposesComposerRuntimeSources(string $osFamily): void
     {
         self::assertSame(NanoBuildBackend::COMPOSER_SOURCES, NanoBuildBackend::forHost($osFamily));
         self::assertTrue(NanoBuildBackend::composesRuntimeSources($osFamily));
     }
 
-    public static function nonWindowsHosts(): array
+    public static function nativeHosts(): array
     {
         return [
+            ['Windows'],
             ['Linux'],
             ['Darwin'],
             ['BSD'],
diff --git a/phpunit/src/Build/NativeDependencyAuditorTest.php b/phpunit/src/Build/NativeDependencyAuditorTest.php
index 2280c3bb..4ac9ca9c 100644
--- a/phpunit/src/Build/NativeDependencyAuditorTest.php
+++ b/phpunit/src/Build/NativeDependencyAuditorTest.php
@@ -146,4 +146,30 @@ final class NativeDependencyAuditorTest extends TestCase
         );
         self::addToAssertionCount(1);
     }
+
+    public function testWindowsSystemRuntimeImportsAreAllowed(): void
+    {
+        (new NativeDependencyAuditor())->assertWindowsImports(
+            "    KERNEL32.dll\n    VCRUNTIME140.dll\n    ucrtbase.dll\n",
+        );
+        self::addToAssertionCount(1);
+    }
+
+    public function testWindowsPhpRuntimeDllIsRejected(): void
+    {
+        $this->expectException(RuntimeException::class);
+        $this->expectExceptionMessage('phpx.dll');
+        (new NativeDependencyAuditor())->assertWindowsImports(
+            "    KERNEL32.dll\n    phpx.dll\n",
+        );
+    }
+
+    public function testWindowsForbiddenCapabilityImportIsRejected(): void
+    {
+        $this->expectException(RuntimeException::class);
+        $this->expectExceptionMessage('socket');
+        (new NativeDependencyAuditor())->assertWindowsImports(
+            "    WS2_32.dll\n        123  socket\n",
+        );
+    }
 }
diff --git a/phpunit/src/CompilerBaseApiTest.php b/phpunit/src/CompilerBaseApiTest.php
index 29ddbb78..4e5073e6 100644
--- a/phpunit/src/CompilerBaseApiTest.php
+++ b/phpunit/src/CompilerBaseApiTest.php
@@ -1348,7 +1348,7 @@ YAML);
         $this->invokeMethod('applyCommandLineArguments');
     }
 
-    public function testWindowsNanoUsesNativeDllBackendAndRejectsExtensionMode(): void
+    public function testWindowsNanoComposesRuntimeSourcesAndRejectsExtensionMode(): void
     {
         global $argv;
         $argv = ['compiler.php', '--nano'];
@@ -1364,7 +1364,7 @@ YAML);
         $apply->invoke($compiler);
 
         self::assertTrue($compiler->isNanoPolicyMode());
-        self::assertFalse($compiler->isNanoMode());
+        self::assertTrue($compiler->isNanoMode());
 
         $buildMode = $reflection->getProperty('buildMode');
         $buildMode->setAccessible(true);
diff --git a/phpunit/src/NanoCapabilityPolicyTest.php b/phpunit/src/NanoCapabilityPolicyTest.php
index be66de23..7b140bd0 100644
--- a/phpunit/src/NanoCapabilityPolicyTest.php
+++ b/phpunit/src/NanoCapabilityPolicyTest.php
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ final class NanoCapabilityPolicyCompiler extends CompilerTest
         $this->file = 'nano-policy.php';
     }
 
-    public function enableFullRuntimeNanoPolicyForTest(): void
+    public function enableNanoPolicyWithoutRuntimeForTest(): void
     {
         $this->nanoMode = false;
         $this->nanoPolicyMode = true;
@@ -108,12 +108,12 @@ final class NanoCapabilityPolicyTest extends BaseTest
         }
     }
 
-    public function testFullRuntimeNanoPolicyRejectsExternalCommandsOnly(): void
+    public function testNanoPolicyAlwaysUsesSourceRuntimeCapabilitySet(): void
     {
         $compiler = new NanoCapabilityPolicyCompiler(TYPEPHP_ROOT_PATH);
-        $compiler->enableFullRuntimeNanoPolicyForTest();
+        $compiler->enableNanoPolicyWithoutRuntimeForTest();
 
-        foreach (['exec', 'passthru', 'pcntl_exec', 'popen', 'proc_open', 'proc_terminate', 'shell_exec', 'system'] as $name) {
+        foreach (['exec', 'getenv', 'parse_str', 'stream_socket_client'] as $name) {
             try {
                 $compiler->validateNanoFunction($name);
                 self::fail("{$name} was accepted");
@@ -122,73 +122,6 @@ final class NanoCapabilityPolicyTest extends BaseTest
             }
         }
 
-        // Windows uses the complete PHP/PHPX DLL runtime. The php-nano-only
-        // capability reductions are therefore not applied to that target.
-        foreach (['getenv', 'parse_str', 'stream_socket_client'] as $name) {
-            $compiler->validateNanoFunction($name);
-        }
-        self::addToAssertionCount(3);
-    }
-
-    public function testFullRuntimeNanoEntryCallsGeneratedMainWithoutEval(): void
-    {
-        global $translator;
-        $previousTranslator = $translator ?? null;
-        $directory = sys_get_temp_dir() . '/typephp_nano_policy_' . bin2hex(random_bytes(6));
-        mkdir($directory, 0777, true);
-        $source = $directory . '/main.php';
-        file_put_contents($source, "<?php\nfunction main(): void {}\n");
-
-        try {
-            $compiler = new NanoCapabilityPolicyCompiler($directory);
-            $compiler->enableFullRuntimeNanoPolicyForTest();
-            $compiler->setBuildMode(\TypePhp\CompilerBase::BUILD_MODE_BIN);
-            $compiler->setTargetName('nano_policy_entry');
-            $translator = $compiler;
-            $compiler->addFiles([$source]);
-            $compiler->prepareFile($source);
-            $compiler->convert([$source]);
-            $extension = file_get_contents($directory . '/build/extension-nano_policy_entry.cc');
-            $entryHeader = basename($compiler->getDeclarationHeaderFile($source));
-
-            self::assertIsString($extension);
-            self::assertStringContainsString("#include <{$entryHeader}>", $extension);
-            self::assertStringContainsString('php_main();', $extension);
-            self::assertStringNotContainsString('php::eval(', $extension);
-            self::assertStringContainsString(
-                'typephp_disable_nano_function("exec", 4);',
-                $extension,
-            );
-            self::assertStringContainsString(
-                'function->internal_function.handler = typephp_nano_disabled_function;',
-                $extension,
-            );
-            self::assertStringContainsString(
-                'static void ZEND_FASTCALL typephp_nano_disabled_function(INTERNAL_FUNCTION_PARAMETERS)',
-                $extension,
-            );
-            self::assertStringNotContainsString('zend_disable_functions(', $extension);
-            self::assertStringContainsString('_SERVER.item("SCRIPT_FILENAME", true)', $extension);
-        } finally {
-            $translator = $previousTranslator;
-            self::removeDirectory($directory);
-        }
-    }
-
-    private static function removeDirectory(string $directory): void
-    {
-        if (!is_dir($directory)) {
-            return;
-        }
-        foreach (array_diff(scandir($directory), ['.', '..']) as $entry) {
-            $path = $directory . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . $entry;
-            if (is_dir($path)) {
-                self::removeDirectory($path);
-            } else {
-                unlink($path);
-            }
-        }
-        rmdir($directory);
     }
 
     public function testKeepsFileStreamsAndFileHashesAvailable(): void
diff --git a/phpunit/src/Transform/NanoSyntaxValidationVisitorTest.php b/phpunit/src/Transform/NanoSyntaxValidationVisitorTest.php
index a647bb6e..132f414b 100644
--- a/phpunit/src/Transform/NanoSyntaxValidationVisitorTest.php
+++ b/phpunit/src/Transform/NanoSyntaxValidationVisitorTest.php
@@ -105,38 +105,4 @@ final class NanoSyntaxValidationVisitorTest extends TestCase
         self::assertCount(1, $traverser->traverse($nodes));
     }
 
-    public function testFullRuntimeNanoPolicyKeepsGeneratorsButRejectsVmEntrySyntax(): void
-    {
-        $parser = (new ParserFactory())->createForNewestSupportedVersion();
-        $accepted = $parser->parse(
-            '<?php function values(): Generator { yield 1; }',
-        );
-        self::assertNotNull($accepted);
-
-        $traverser = new NodeTraverser();
-        $traverser->addVisitor(new NameResolver(null, ['replaceNodes' => false]));
-        $traverser->addVisitor(new NanoSyntaxValidationVisitor(
-            static function (Node $node, string $message): never {
-                throw new RuntimeException($message . ':' . $node->getStartLine());
-            },
-            false,
-        ));
-        self::assertCount(1, $traverser->traverse($accepted));
-
-        foreach ([
-            '<?php eval("return 1;");',
-            '<?php require "a.php";',
-            '<?php `uname`;',
-            '<?php $value = new class {};',
-        ] as $source) {
-            $nodes = $parser->parse($source);
-            self::assertNotNull($nodes);
-            try {
-                $traverser->traverse($nodes);
-                self::fail("Nano policy accepted unsupported source: {$source}");
-            } catch (RuntimeException) {
-                self::addToAssertionCount(1);
-            }
-        }
-    }
 }
diff --git a/src/Backend/Msvc.php b/src/Backend/Msvc.php
index 0cc85a75..fc52e4d9 100644
--- a/src/Backend/Msvc.php
+++ b/src/Backend/Msvc.php
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ class Msvc extends CompilerBackend
         // Generated code/templates can exceed ordinary COFF section limits.
         $cmd = ' /bigobj';
 
-        $cmd .= ' /utf-8 /DZEND_WIN32 /DPHP_WIN32 /DZEND_DEBUG=0 /DENABLE_INTSAFE_SIGNED_FUNCTIONS';
+        $cmd .= ' /utf-8 /Zc:preprocessor /DZEND_WIN32 /DPHP_WIN32 /DZEND_DEBUG=0 /DENABLE_INTSAFE_SIGNED_FUNCTIONS';
 
         if (!empty($config['is_zts'])) {
             $cmd .= ' /DZTS';
@@ -92,14 +92,23 @@ class Msvc extends CompilerBackend
             $cmd .= ' /GL';
         }
 
+        // Match -ffunction-sections/-fdata-sections used by the other Nano
+        // backends. /OPT:REF can discard an unused runtime function only when
+        // MSVC emitted it as an individual COMDAT.
+        if (!empty($config['section_gc'])) {
+            $cmd .= ' /Gy /Gw /Zc:inline';
+        }
+
+        // Keep every translation unit on the same dynamic CRT. In particular,
+        // source-composed Nano mixes PHP C sources with PHPX/TypePHP C++.
+        $cmd .= ' /MD';
+
         if ($includeCppOptions) {
             $cmd .= ' /EHsc';
             if (!empty($config['cpp_std'])) {
                 $cmd .= ' /std:' . $config['cpp_std'];
             }
 
-            $cmd .= ' /MD';
-
             if (!empty($config['cxxflags'])) {
                 $cmd .= ' ' . $config['cxxflags'];
             }
@@ -107,8 +116,13 @@ class Msvc extends CompilerBackend
             if (!empty($config['forced_include'])) {
                 $cmd .= ' /FI' . escapeshellarg($config['forced_include']);
             }
-        } elseif (!empty($config['cflags'])) {
-            $cmd .= ' ' . $config['cflags'];
+        } else {
+            if (!empty($config['c_std'])) {
+                $cmd .= ' /std:' . $config['c_std'];
+            }
+            if (!empty($config['cflags'])) {
+                $cmd .= ' ' . $config['cflags'];
+            }
         }
 
         $cmd .= ' /nologo';
@@ -151,7 +165,7 @@ class Msvc extends CompilerBackend
         // Platform macro definitions.
         $cmd .= $this->buildCommonCompileFlags($options, false);
 
-        // Note: C files do not use C++-specific options such as /EHsc, /std:c++17, /MD.
+        // Note: C files do not use C++-specific options such as /EHsc or /std:c++17.
 
         return $cmd;
     }
@@ -261,6 +275,10 @@ class Msvc extends CompilerBackend
             $cmd .= ' /LTCG';
         }
 
+        if (!empty($config['section_gc'])) {
+            $cmd .= ' /OPT:REF /OPT:ICF';
+        }
+
         return $cmd;
     }
 
diff --git a/src/Build/ComposerNativePackage.php b/src/Build/ComposerNativePackage.php
index d9b5200c..00274c96 100644
--- a/src/Build/ComposerNativePackage.php
+++ b/src/Build/ComposerNativePackage.php
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ final readonly class ComposerNativePackage
     /**
      * @param list<string> $includeDirs
      * @param list<string> $sources
+     * @param list<string> $defines
      * @param array<string, ComposerNativeComponent> $components
      */
     private function __construct(
@@ -22,6 +23,7 @@ final readonly class ComposerNativePackage
         public int $cxxStandard,
         public array $includeDirs,
         public array $sources,
+        public array $defines,
         public array $components,
         public ?string $extensionName,
         public ?string $extensionModuleEntry,
@@ -29,7 +31,7 @@ final readonly class ComposerNativePackage
     }
 
     /** @return list<self> */
-    public static function discover(?string $compilerRoot = null): array
+    public static function discover(?string $compilerRoot = null, ?string $platformName = null): array
     {
         $packages = [];
         foreach (InstalledVersions::getInstalledPackages() as $package) {
@@ -43,7 +45,7 @@ final readonly class ComposerNativePackage
                 || !is_array($manifest['extra']['typephp-native'] ?? null)) {
                 continue;
             }
-            $packages[] = self::load($package, $compilerRoot);
+            $packages[] = self::load($package, $compilerRoot, $platformName);
         }
 
         usort(
@@ -57,7 +59,11 @@ final readonly class ComposerNativePackage
         return $packages;
     }
 
-    public static function load(string $package, ?string $compilerRoot = null): self
+    public static function load(
+        string $package,
+        ?string $compilerRoot = null,
+        ?string $platformName = null,
+    ): self
     {
         if ($package === 'swoole/php-ext-standard') {
             throw new RuntimeException(
@@ -143,7 +149,28 @@ final readonly class ComposerNativePackage
             );
         }
 
+        $platform = self::platformKey($platformName ?? PHP_OS_FAMILY);
+        $platforms = $native['platforms'] ?? [];
+        if (!is_array($platforms)) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Invalid native platform metadata in `{$package}`");
+        }
+        $platformNative = $platforms[$platform] ?? [];
+        if (!is_array($platformNative)) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Invalid native metadata for platform `{$package}:{$platform}`");
+        }
+
         $sources = self::resolveEntries($root, $native['sources'] ?? null, false, $package);
+        if (($platformNative['sources'] ?? []) !== []) {
+            $sources = array_values(array_unique([
+                ...$sources,
+                ...self::resolveEntries(
+                    $root,
+                    $platformNative['sources'],
+                    false,
+                    "{$package}:{$platform}",
+                ),
+            ]));
+        }
         foreach ($sources as $source) {
             $extension = strtolower(pathinfo($source, PATHINFO_EXTENSION));
             if (!in_array($extension, ['c', 'cc', 'cpp', 'cxx'], true)) {
@@ -212,6 +239,34 @@ final readonly class ComposerNativePackage
             );
         }
 
+        $includeDirs = self::resolveEntries($root, $native['include-dirs'] ?? null, true, $package);
+        if (($platformNative['include-dirs'] ?? []) !== []) {
+            $includeDirs = array_values(array_unique([
+                ...$includeDirs,
+                ...self::resolveEntries(
+                    $root,
+                    $platformNative['include-dirs'],
+                    true,
+                    "{$package}:{$platform}",
+                ),
+            ]));
+        }
+        $defines = self::stringList($native['defines'] ?? [], 'define', $package, 'runtime');
+        array_push(
+            $defines,
+            ...self::stringList(
+                $platformNative['defines'] ?? [],
+                'define',
+                $package,
+                $platform,
+            ),
+        );
+        foreach ($defines as $define) {
+            if (preg_match('/^[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z0-9_]*(?:=.*)?$/', $define) !== 1) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("Invalid native define in `{$package}:{$platform}`");
+            }
+        }
+
         return new self(
             $package,
             $root,
@@ -219,14 +274,27 @@ final readonly class ComposerNativePackage
             $abi,
             $cStandard,
             $cxxStandard,
-            self::resolveEntries($root, $native['include-dirs'] ?? null, true, $package),
+            $includeDirs,
             $sources,
+            array_values(array_unique($defines)),
             $components,
             $extensionName,
             $extensionModuleEntry,
         );
     }
 
+    private static function platformKey(string $platformName): string
+    {
+        return match (strtolower($platformName)) {
+            'windows' => 'windows',
+            'darwin', 'macos' => 'macos',
+            'ios' => 'ios',
+            'android' => 'android',
+            'wasi', 'wasip2', 'wasm32-wasip2' => 'wasip2',
+            default => 'linux',
+        };
+    }
+
     /** @return list<string> */
     private static function stringList(
         mixed $values,
diff --git a/src/Build/NanoBuildBackend.php b/src/Build/NanoBuildBackend.php
index 0376d49b..2dde43db 100644
--- a/src/Build/NanoBuildBackend.php
+++ b/src/Build/NanoBuildBackend.php
@@ -2,22 +2,19 @@
 
 namespace TypePhp\Build;
 
-/** Selects the runtime build backend used by a --nano native application. */
+/** Selects the source-composed runtime backend used by a --nano application. */
 final class NanoBuildBackend
 {
-    /** Windows native application linked through the PHP/PHPX import libraries. */
-    public const WINDOWS_DLL = 'windows-dll';
-
     /** Composer package manifests whose C/C++ sources are compiled into the program. */
     public const COMPOSER_SOURCES = 'composer-sources';
 
     public static function forHost(string $platformName): string
     {
-        return $platformName === 'Windows' ? self::WINDOWS_DLL : self::COMPOSER_SOURCES;
+        return self::COMPOSER_SOURCES;
     }
 
     public static function composesRuntimeSources(string $platformName): bool
     {
-        return self::forHost($platformName) === self::COMPOSER_SOURCES;
+        return true;
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/Build/NanoSourceComposer.php b/src/Build/NanoSourceComposer.php
index c6e8cf9c..c74777d7 100644
--- a/src/Build/NanoSourceComposer.php
+++ b/src/Build/NanoSourceComposer.php
@@ -8,7 +8,10 @@ use TypePhp\Analysis\CompilationStatistics;
 /** Resolves the Composer-provided runtime sources used by a Nano build. */
 final class NanoSourceComposer
 {
-    public function __construct(private readonly string $compilerRoot)
+    public function __construct(
+        private readonly string $compilerRoot,
+        private readonly string $platformName = PHP_OS_FAMILY,
+    )
     {
     }
 
@@ -29,8 +32,16 @@ final class NanoSourceComposer
         ?CompilationStatistics $statistics = null,
     ): array
     {
-        $runtime = ComposerNativePackage::load('swoole/php-nano', $this->compilerRoot);
-        $phpx = ComposerNativePackage::load('swoole/phpx', $this->compilerRoot);
+        $runtime = ComposerNativePackage::load(
+            'swoole/php-nano',
+            $this->compilerRoot,
+            $this->platformName,
+        );
+        $phpx = ComposerNativePackage::load(
+            'swoole/phpx',
+            $this->compilerRoot,
+            $this->platformName,
+        );
         if ($runtime->abi !== $phpx->abi) {
             throw new RuntimeException(
                 "Native ABI mismatch: swoole/php-nano={$runtime->abi}, swoole/phpx={$phpx->abi}"
@@ -41,7 +52,7 @@ final class NanoSourceComposer
             $runtime->name => $runtime,
             $phpx->name => $phpx,
         ];
-        foreach (ComposerNativePackage::discover($this->compilerRoot) as $package) {
+        foreach (ComposerNativePackage::discover($this->compilerRoot, $this->platformName) as $package) {
             $packagesByName[$package->name] = $package;
         }
         $packages = array_values($packagesByName);
@@ -69,6 +80,7 @@ final class NanoSourceComposer
         $includeDirs = [];
         $defines = [];
         foreach ($packages as $package) {
+            array_push($defines, ...$package->defines);
             if ($package->abi !== $runtime->abi) {
                 throw new RuntimeException(
                     "Native ABI mismatch: {$package->name}={$package->abi}, "
diff --git a/src/Build/NativeBuildConfigurationTrait.php b/src/Build/NativeBuildConfigurationTrait.php
index f6fc7585..37d7b6d9 100644
--- a/src/Build/NativeBuildConfigurationTrait.php
+++ b/src/Build/NativeBuildConfigurationTrait.php
@@ -236,7 +236,16 @@ trait NativeBuildConfigurationTrait
     protected function getLibraries(): array
     {
         if ($this->isNanoMode()) {
-            return [];
+            return $this->isWindows()
+                ? [
+                    'advapi32.lib',
+                    'bcrypt.lib',
+                    'pathcch.lib',
+                    'shell32.lib',
+                    'user32.lib',
+                    'ws2_32.lib',
+                ]
+                : [];
         }
 
         $sdkDir = $this->getFullStaticSdkDir();
diff --git a/src/Build/NativeCommandOptionsTrait.php b/src/Build/NativeCommandOptionsTrait.php
index 103d45b5..96fb66cf 100644
--- a/src/Build/NativeCommandOptionsTrait.php
+++ b/src/Build/NativeCommandOptionsTrait.php
@@ -60,7 +60,9 @@ trait NativeCommandOptionsTrait
             'sanitize' => $this->sanitize,
             'march' => $this->march,
             'target_platform' => $this->targetPlatform,
-            'is_zts' => $this->isPhpZts,
+            // Source-composed Nano owns its runtime configuration and uses the
+            // same single-threaded ABI on every native platform.
+            'is_zts' => $this->isNanoMode() ? false : $this->isPhpZts,
             'build_mode' => $this->buildMode,
             'enable_profiler' => $this->enableProfiler,
             'prof_output' => $this->targetName . '.prof',
@@ -187,10 +189,12 @@ trait NativeCommandOptionsTrait
             $ldflags = trim('-static -B ' . escapeshellarg($this->getFullStaticMuslDir()) . ' ' . $ldflags);
         }
         if ($this->isNanoMode()) {
-            $gcSections = ($this->isMacos() || $this->isIosTarget())
-                ? '-Wl,-dead_strip'
-                : '-Wl,--gc-sections';
-            $ldflags = trim($gcSections . ' ' . $ldflags);
+            if (!$this->isWindows()) {
+                $gcSections = ($this->isMacos() || $this->isIosTarget())
+                    ? '-Wl,-dead_strip'
+                    : '-Wl,--gc-sections';
+                $ldflags = trim($gcSections . ' ' . $ldflags);
+            }
             if ($this->isWasiTarget()) {
                 $ldflags = trim(
                     '-fwasm-exceptions -lsetjmp -lunwind ' . $ldflags,
@@ -208,6 +212,7 @@ trait NativeCommandOptionsTrait
             'build_mode' => $this->buildMode,
             'sanitize' => $this->sanitize,
             'lto' => $this->enableLto,
+            'section_gc' => $this->isNanoMode(),
             'target_platform' => $targetPlatform,
             'response_file' => $this->getBuildDir() . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . 'cache'
                 . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . 'link' . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR
diff --git a/src/Build/NativeDependencyAuditor.php b/src/Build/NativeDependencyAuditor.php
index 71d0d0ee..ee3abf63 100644
--- a/src/Build/NativeDependencyAuditor.php
+++ b/src/Build/NativeDependencyAuditor.php
@@ -66,6 +66,35 @@ final class NativeDependencyAuditor
         }
     }
 
+    public function assertWindowsImports(string $dumpbinOutput): void
+    {
+        $runtimeDlls = [];
+        $forbidden = [];
+        foreach (preg_split('/\R/', $dumpbinOutput) ?: [] as $line) {
+            $value = trim($line);
+            if (preg_match('/^[A-Za-z0-9_.-]+\.dll$/i', $value) === 1
+                && preg_match('/^php(?:x|\d.*)?\.dll$/i', $value) === 1) {
+                $runtimeDlls[strtolower($value)] = true;
+            }
+            if (preg_match('/(?:^|\s)([A-Za-z_][A-Za-z0-9_@?$]*)\s*$/', $value, $match) === 1
+                && $this->isForbiddenSymbol($match[1], 'windows')) {
+                $forbidden[$match[1]] = true;
+            }
+        }
+        if ($runtimeDlls !== []) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(
+                'PHP Nano Windows artifact imports a dynamic PHP runtime: '
+                . implode(', ', array_keys($runtimeDlls))
+            );
+        }
+        if ($forbidden !== []) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(
+                'PHP Nano Windows artifact imports forbidden host capabilities: '
+                . implode(', ', array_keys($forbidden))
+            );
+        }
+    }
+
     private function isForbiddenSymbol(string $symbol, string $target): bool
     {
         if ($target === 'wasip2') {
diff --git a/src/Build/NativeSourceProjectBuilder.php b/src/Build/NativeSourceProjectBuilder.php
index b65a00c8..73c552ee 100644
--- a/src/Build/NativeSourceProjectBuilder.php
+++ b/src/Build/NativeSourceProjectBuilder.php
@@ -25,12 +25,6 @@ final class NativeSourceProjectBuilder
     /** @return array{output: string, sourceCount: int, compiledCount: int} */
     public function build(NativeSourceProjectConfig $project): array
     {
-        if ($project->target === 'native' && PHP_OS_FAMILY === 'Windows') {
-            throw new RuntimeException(
-                'php-nano does not target Windows; use TypePHP --nano with the full PHP/PHPX DLL runtime'
-            );
-        }
-
         $this->writeProgress("Preparing Nano {$project->target} build: {$project->name}");
 
         $compiler = $this->resolveExecutable($project->compiler);
@@ -58,7 +52,10 @@ final class NativeSourceProjectBuilder
             $generatedIncludeDir = $generatedDir . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . 'include';
         }
 
-        $composition = (new NanoSourceComposer($this->compilerRuntime->installationRoot))->compose(
+        $composition = (new NanoSourceComposer(
+            $this->compilerRuntime->installationRoot,
+            PHP_OS_FAMILY,
+        ))->compose(
             $project->buildDir,
             $this->projectSymbolName($project),
             $project->phpSources !== [],
diff --git a/src/CompilerBase.php b/src/CompilerBase.php
index 870f04cd..db84d361 100644
--- a/src/CompilerBase.php
+++ b/src/CompilerBase.php
@@ -335,25 +335,6 @@ abstract class CompilerBase implements PropertyAccessContext
         'syslog',
     ];
 
-    /** Calls forbidden by Nano policy even when the full Windows PHP DLL is used. */
-    private const array NANO_POLICY_UNSUPPORTED_FUNCTIONS = [
-        'exec',
-        'passthru',
-        'pcntl_exec',
-        'popen',
-        'proc_close',
-        'proc_get_status',
-        'proc_nice',
-        'proc_open',
-        'proc_terminate',
-        'shell_exec',
-        'system',
-    ];
-
-    private const array NANO_POLICY_UNSUPPORTED_FUNCTION_PREFIXES = [
-        'proc_',
-    ];
-
     private const array NANO_UNSUPPORTED_FUNCTION_PREFIXES = [
         'pcntl_',
         'posix_',
@@ -964,21 +945,6 @@ abstract class CompilerBase implements PropertyAccessContext
         }
 
         $name = strtolower(ltrim($name, '\\'));
-        if (in_array($name, self::NANO_POLICY_UNSUPPORTED_FUNCTIONS, true)) {
-            $this->fatalError($expr, "Function `{$name}` is not supported in nano mode");
-        }
-        foreach (self::NANO_POLICY_UNSUPPORTED_FUNCTION_PREFIXES as $prefix) {
-            if (str_starts_with($name, $prefix)) {
-                $this->fatalError($expr, "Function `{$name}` is not supported in nano mode");
-            }
-        }
-
-        // Windows Nano uses the complete PHP/PHPX DLL set. Only the common
-        // policy above applies; php-nano's smaller host surface is Unix/WASI.
-        if (!$this->isNanoMode()) {
-            return;
-        }
-
         if (in_array($name, self::NANO_UNSUPPORTED_FUNCTIONS, true)) {
             $this->fatalError($expr, "Function `{$name}` is not supported in nano mode");
         }
@@ -989,11 +955,6 @@ abstract class CompilerBase implements PropertyAccessContext
         }
     }
 
-    protected function getNanoPolicyDisabledFunctionList(): string
-    {
-        return implode(',', self::NANO_POLICY_UNSUPPORTED_FUNCTIONS);
-    }
-
     public function isBuildModeBin(): bool
     {
         return $this->buildMode === self::BUILD_MODE_BIN;
diff --git a/src/Metadata/Constants.php b/src/Metadata/Constants.php
index c5a6adf8..416c896c 100644
--- a/src/Metadata/Constants.php
+++ b/src/Metadata/Constants.php
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ class Constants
     public const array COMPILER_OPTIONS = [
         'nano' => [
             'longPrefix' => 'nano',
-            'description' => 'Enable VM-free Nano policy (php-nano runtime outside Windows)',
+            'description' => 'Enable the VM-free, source-composed php-nano runtime',
             'required' => false,
             'noValue' => true,
         ],
diff --git a/src/Preprocessor.php b/src/Preprocessor.php
index c35f5a7e..4da349f3 100644
--- a/src/Preprocessor.php
+++ b/src/Preprocessor.php
@@ -483,7 +483,6 @@ abstract class Preprocessor extends CompilerBase
             if ($this->isNanoPolicyMode()) {
                 $traverser->addVisitor(new NanoSyntaxValidationVisitor(
                     fn (Node $node, string $message) => $this->fatalError($node, $message),
-                    $this->isNanoMode(),
                 ));
             }
             $traverser->addVisitor(new VoidCastValidationVisitor(
diff --git a/src/Transform/NanoSyntaxValidationVisitor.php b/src/Transform/NanoSyntaxValidationVisitor.php
index 5435e5cb..a78a0d5f 100644
--- a/src/Transform/NanoSyntaxValidationVisitor.php
+++ b/src/Transform/NanoSyntaxValidationVisitor.php
@@ -18,13 +18,12 @@ final class NanoSyntaxValidationVisitor extends NodeVisitorAbstract
     /** @param callable(Node, string): never $fatal */
     public function __construct(
         private readonly mixed $fatal,
-        private readonly bool $phpNanoRuntime = true,
     ) {
     }
 
     public function enterNode(Node $node): ?Node
     {
-        if ($this->phpNanoRuntime && $node instanceof Node\Name) {
+        if ($node instanceof Node\Name) {
             $resolved = $node->getAttribute('resolvedName');
             $className = $resolved instanceof Node\Name
                 ? $resolved->toString()
@@ -60,8 +59,7 @@ final class NanoSyntaxValidationVisitor extends NodeVisitorAbstract
             ($this->fatal)($node, 'Anonymous classes are not supported in nano mode');
         }
 
-        if ($this->phpNanoRuntime
-            && ($node instanceof Node\Expr\Yield_ || $node instanceof Node\Expr\YieldFrom)) {
+        if ($node instanceof Node\Expr\Yield_ || $node instanceof Node\Expr\YieldFrom) {
             ($this->fatal)(
                 $node,
                 'Fiber and Generator are not supported in nano mode because C++17 has no standard stack-switching API',
diff --git a/src/Translator.php b/src/Translator.php
index 043fd355..d8167356 100644
--- a/src/Translator.php
+++ b/src/Translator.php
@@ -449,7 +449,7 @@ class Translator extends Preprocessor
             ['--march <arch>', 'Target CPU instruction set (for example native or armv8-a)'],
             ['--target-platform <triple>', 'Cross-compilation target triple'],
             ['--wasm[=browser|component]', 'Build WASI component (default) or browser output'],
-            ['--nano', 'Build a Nano application (Windows uses the PHP/PHPX DLL backend)'],
+            ['--nano', 'Build a source-composed Nano application'],
             ['--full-static', 'Link fully statically against the bundled SDK'],
             ['--lto', 'Enable Link Time Optimization (-flto)'],
             ['--no-literal-strings', 'Disable literal string optimization'],
@@ -493,14 +493,16 @@ class Translator extends Preprocessor
             $this->downloadProxy = $proxy;
         }
 
-        // The Nano syntax policy is platform-independent. Windows produces a
-        // native application through the PHP/PHPX DLL backend; other targets
-        // compose the php-nano runtime sources into the artifact.
+        // Every native platform composes the same php-nano and PHPX runtime
+        // sources directly into the output artifact.
         if ($this->climate->arguments->defined('nano')) {
             $this->nanoPolicyMode = true;
             if (NanoBuildBackend::composesRuntimeSources($this->getPlatform()->getName())) {
                 $this->nanoMode = true;
                 $this->noLiteralStrings = true;
+                // Nano is source-composed as NTS on every native host. Do not
+                // fold the build-host PHP_ZTS value into generated programs.
+                $this->internalConstants['PHP_ZTS'] = false;
             }
         }
 
@@ -660,10 +662,7 @@ class Translator extends Preprocessor
                 $this->error('--nano requires the C++17 language standard');
             }
             if ($this->fullStatic) {
-                $message = $this->isNanoMode()
-                    ? '--nano already composes its runtime sources; --full-static is not applicable'
-                    : '--nano on Windows uses the PHP/PHPX DLL backend; --full-static is not supported';
-                $this->error($message);
+                $this->error('--nano already composes its runtime sources; --full-static is not applicable');
             }
             // Nano applications may consume target-owned static libraries.
             // The final executable dependency audit remains the authority on
@@ -1838,30 +1837,6 @@ CODE;
         // module_clean end
 
         $moduleName = $this->getModuleName();
-        $installNanoPolicyHandlers = $this->isNanoPolicyMode()
-            && !$this->isNanoMode()
-            && $this->isBuildModeBin()
-            && $this->hasSapi('embed');
-        if ($installNanoPolicyHandlers) {
-            // Windows Nano uses the full PHP runtime. Keep forbidden process
-            // functions in Zend's persistent table so shutdown boundaries stay
-            // intact, but replace their handlers before generated code runs.
-            // This path is binary/embed-only and executes once per process.
-            $code .= <<<'CODE'
-static void ZEND_FASTCALL typephp_nano_disabled_function(INTERNAL_FUNCTION_PARAMETERS) {
-    const zend_string *name = EX(func)->common.function_name;
-    zend_throw_error(nullptr, "Function `%s` is not supported in nano mode", name ? ZSTR_VAL(name) : "unknown");
-}
-
-static void typephp_disable_nano_function(const char *name, size_t name_length) {
-    auto *function = static_cast<zend_function *>(zend_hash_str_find_ptr(EG(function_table), name, name_length));
-    if (function != nullptr && function->type == ZEND_INTERNAL_FUNCTION) {
-        function->internal_function.handler = typephp_nano_disabled_function;
-    }
-}
-
-CODE;
-        }
         // rinit begin
         $code .= 'PHP_RINIT_FUNCTION(' . $moduleName . ') {' . PHP_EOL;
         $code .= 'if (UNEXPECTED(php_request_cache != nullptr)) {' . PHP_EOL;
@@ -1878,18 +1853,6 @@ CODE;
         $code .= $this->getIndent() . 'return FAILURE;' . PHP_EOL;
         $code .= '}' . PHP_EOL;
         $code .= 'php::request_init();' . PHP_EOL;
-        if ($installNanoPolicyHandlers) {
-            // The full Windows runtime still contains standard/process modules.
-            // Block command functions after every module has
-            // started so variable functions and call_user_func cannot bypass
-            // the compile-time named-call check. Replacing handlers preserves
-            // Zend's persistent function-table layout for embed shutdown.
-            foreach (explode(',', $this->getNanoPolicyDisabledFunctionList()) as $functionName) {
-                $functionArg = $this->genCharPtr($functionName, true);
-                $code .= 'typephp_disable_nano_function(' . $functionArg . ', '
-                    . strlen($functionName) . ');' . PHP_EOL;
-            }
-        }
         $code .= 'module_init();' . PHP_EOL;
 
         if ($this->isBuildModeBin() && $this->hasSapi('embed') && !$this->isNanoMode()) {
@@ -1897,42 +1860,28 @@ CODE;
                 $code .= 'if (strcmp(sapi_module.name, "embed") == 0) {' . PHP_EOL;
             }
             $entryFunction = $this->symbols->function(self::ENTRY_FUNCTION);
-            if ($this->isNanoPolicyMode()) {
-                // Windows keeps the complete PHP/PHPX DLL runtime, but a Nano
-                // executable still enters generated code without ZendVM eval.
-                $code .= $this->registerServerEnvironment($entryFunction->sourceFile);
-                $entryCall = count($entryFunction->argInfoList) === 2
-                    ? 'php_main(php::global("argc").toInt(), php::global("argv").toArray());'
-                    : 'php_main();';
-                $code .= 'try {' . PHP_EOL;
-                $code .= $this->getIndent(2) . $entryCall . PHP_EOL;
-                $code .= '} catch (zend_object *) {' . PHP_EOL;
-                $code .= $this->getIndent(2) . 'return FAILURE;' . PHP_EOL;
-                $code .= '}' . PHP_EOL;
+            // FunctionDef::sourceFile comes from loadFile()'s realpath(), so the
+            // CLI script fields always identify main()'s canonical absolute file.
+            $entryFile = $entryFunction->sourceFile;
+            $entryFileArg = $this->genCharPtr($entryFile, true);
+            $entryLineOffset = max(0, $entryFunction->startLine - 1);
+            if (count($entryFunction->argInfoList) == 2) {
+                $entryScript = 'global $argc, $argv; main($argc, $argv);';
             } else {
-                // FunctionDef::sourceFile comes from loadFile()'s realpath(), so the
-                // CLI script fields always identify main()'s canonical absolute file.
-                $entryFile = $entryFunction->sourceFile;
-                $entryFileArg = $this->genCharPtr($entryFile, true);
-                $entryLineOffset = max(0, $entryFunction->startLine - 1);
-                if (count($entryFunction->argInfoList) == 2) {
-                    $entryScript = 'global $argc, $argv; main($argc, $argv);';
-                } else {
-                    $entryScript = 'main();';
-                }
-
-                $entryScriptArg = $this->genCharPtr($entryScript, true);
-                if ($entryLineOffset > 0) {
-                    // entryLineOffset is main()'s source start line minus one. The
-                    // generated std::string(N, '\n') supplies N padding newlines at
-                    // runtime, so the eval() entry call is reported on main()'s
-                    // original PHP source line. Constructing the padding at runtime
-                    // avoids embedding hundreds of escaped newlines in the C++ file.
-                    $entryScriptArg = 'std::string(' . $entryLineOffset . ", '\\n') + " . $entryScriptArg;
-                }
+                $entryScript = 'main();';
+            }
 
-                $code .= 'php::eval(' . $entryScriptArg . ', ' . $entryFileArg . ');' . PHP_EOL;
+            $entryScriptArg = $this->genCharPtr($entryScript, true);
+            if ($entryLineOffset > 0) {
+                // entryLineOffset is main()'s source start line minus one. The
+                // generated std::string(N, '\n') supplies N padding newlines at
+                // runtime, so the eval() entry call is reported on main()'s
+                // original PHP source line. Constructing the padding at runtime
+                // avoids embedding hundreds of escaped newlines in the C++ file.
+                $entryScriptArg = 'std::string(' . $entryLineOffset . ", '\\n') + " . $entryScriptArg;
             }
+
+            $code .= 'php::eval(' . $entryScriptArg . ', ' . $entryFileArg . ');' . PHP_EOL;
             if ($this->isSapiBuild()) {
                 $code .= '}' . PHP_EOL;
             }
@@ -2604,7 +2553,10 @@ CODE;
     /** @param list<string> $generatedSources @return list<string> */
     private function composeNanoRuntimeSources(array $generatedSources): array
     {
-        $composition = (new NanoSourceComposer($this->compilerRuntime->installationRoot))->compose(
+        $composition = (new NanoSourceComposer(
+            $this->compilerRuntime->installationRoot,
+            $this->getPlatform()->getName(),
+        ))->compose(
             $this->getBuildDir(),
             $this->targetName,
             true,
@@ -3060,6 +3012,12 @@ CODE;
             );
             return;
         }
+        if ($this->isWindows()) {
+            $auditor->assertWindowsImports(
+                $this->captureNativeCommand(['dumpbin', '/imports', $targetFile]),
+            );
+            return;
+        }
         /* Native objects may deliberately provide an OS ABI to one another
          * (for example a freestanding syscall shim). Only unresolved imports
          * in the final ELF cross the host-capability boundary. */
@@ -3583,25 +3541,6 @@ CODE;
                     $declarationHeaders[] = $header;
                 }
             }
-            // Nano policy mode (Windows, the WINDOWS_DLL backend) emits a direct
-            // php_main() call inside RINIT instead of relying on ZendVM eval, so
-            // the entry function's declaration header — which carries the
-            // php_main() prototype — must be visible to this translation unit.
-            // True Nano mode keeps php_main() encapsulated inside the separate
-            // nano-entry translation unit, so only the policy path needs this.
-            if ($this->isNanoPolicyMode()
-                && !$this->isNanoMode()
-                && $this->isBuildModeBin()
-                && $this->hasSapi('embed')
-                && $this->hasFunction(self::ENTRY_FUNCTION)
-            ) {
-                $entryHeader = $this->declarationHeaderFiles[
-                    $this->getFunction(self::ENTRY_FUNCTION)->sourceFile
-                ] ?? null;
-                if ($entryHeader !== null && !in_array($entryHeader, $declarationHeaders, true)) {
-                    $declarationHeaders[] = $entryHeader;
-                }
-            }
         }
 
         return $this->renderIncludeHeaderFiles([
@@ -4844,7 +4783,6 @@ CODE;
         if ($this->isNanoPolicyMode()) {
             $traverser->addVisitor(new NanoSyntaxValidationVisitor(
                 fn (Node $node, string $message) => $this->fatalError($node, $message),
-                $this->isNanoMode(),
             ));
         }
         $traverser->addVisitor(new VoidCastValidationVisitor(