diff --git a/phpunit/code/accessibility/private-prop-in-parent.php b/phpunit/code/accessibility/private-prop-in-parent.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..0a044bfe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/phpunit/code/accessibility/private-prop-in-parent.php
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+<?php
+class Base {
+    private $prop = 999;
+    public function dump()
+    {
+        var_dump($this->prop);
+    }
+}
+class User extends Base {
+    public $prop;
+}
+
+function main() {
+    $u = new User();
+    $u->prop = 12;
+    var_dump($u);
+    $u->dump();
+}
diff --git a/phpunit/code/accessibility/private-prop-in-trait.php b/phpunit/code/accessibility/private-prop-in-trait.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d94013c7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/phpunit/code/accessibility/private-prop-in-trait.php
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+<?php
+
+trait TestTraitProp {
+    private $prop = 999;
+}
+
+class Base {
+    use TestTraitProp;
+}
+class User extends Base {
+    public $prop;
+}
+
+function main() {
+    $u = new User();
+    $u->prop = 12;
+    var_dump($u);
+}
diff --git a/phpunit/code/internal-void-function-assignment.php b/phpunit/code/internal-void-function-assignment.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..1339725c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/phpunit/code/internal-void-function-assignment.php
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+<?php
+
+function main(): void
+{
+    $value = var_dump('hello');
+}
diff --git a/phpunit/code/internal-void-function-binary-operand.php b/phpunit/code/internal-void-function-binary-operand.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a123dce7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/phpunit/code/internal-void-function-binary-operand.php
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+<?php
+
+function main(): void
+{
+    $value = var_dump('hello') + 1;
+}
diff --git a/phpunit/code/nullsafe-nested-private-property.php b/phpunit/code/nullsafe-nested-private-property.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ca30b8be
--- /dev/null
+++ b/phpunit/code/nullsafe-nested-private-property.php
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+<?php
+
+use native_types;
+
+class NullsafeNestedOwner
+{
+    public NullsafeNestedChild $child;
+
+    public function __construct()
+    {
+        $this->child = new NullsafeNestedChild();
+    }
+}
+
+class NullsafeNestedChild
+{
+    private int $value = 1;
+}
+
+function main(): void
+{
+    $owner = new NullsafeNestedOwner();
+    var_dump($owner?->child?->value);
+}
diff --git a/phpunit/code/nullsafe-private-property.php b/phpunit/code/nullsafe-private-property.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..4ed46c0e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/phpunit/code/nullsafe-private-property.php
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+<?php
+
+use native_types;
+
+class NullsafePrivateOwner
+{
+    private int $value = 1;
+}
+
+function main(): void
+{
+    $owner = new NullsafePrivateOwner();
+    var_dump($owner?->value);
+}
diff --git a/phpunit/code/nullsafe-write-assign-op.php b/phpunit/code/nullsafe-write-assign-op.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..81727455
--- /dev/null
+++ b/phpunit/code/nullsafe-write-assign-op.php
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+<?php
+
+class NullsafeWriteAssignOp
+{
+    public int $value = 1;
+}
+
+function main(): void
+{
+    $object = new NullsafeWriteAssignOp();
+    $object?->value += 2;
+}
diff --git a/phpunit/code/nullsafe-write-assign-ref-left.php b/phpunit/code/nullsafe-write-assign-ref-left.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..9eeac740
--- /dev/null
+++ b/phpunit/code/nullsafe-write-assign-ref-left.php
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+<?php
+
+class NullsafeWriteAssignRefLeft
+{
+    public int $value = 1;
+}
+
+function main(): void
+{
+    $object = new NullsafeWriteAssignRefLeft();
+    $value = 2;
+    $object?->value =& $value;
+}
diff --git a/phpunit/code/nullsafe-write-assign-ref-right.php b/phpunit/code/nullsafe-write-assign-ref-right.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..9e5a3c44
--- /dev/null
+++ b/phpunit/code/nullsafe-write-assign-ref-right.php
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+<?php
+
+class NullsafeWriteAssignRefRight
+{
+    public int $value = 1;
+}
+
+function main(): void
+{
+    $object = new NullsafeWriteAssignRefRight();
+    $value =& $object?->value;
+}
diff --git a/phpunit/code/nullsafe-write-assign.php b/phpunit/code/nullsafe-write-assign.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c6c66f66
--- /dev/null
+++ b/phpunit/code/nullsafe-write-assign.php
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+<?php
+
+class NullsafeWriteAssign
+{
+    public int $value = 1;
+}
+
+function main(): void
+{
+    $object = new NullsafeWriteAssign();
+    $object?->value = 2;
+}
diff --git a/phpunit/code/nullsafe-write-inc.php b/phpunit/code/nullsafe-write-inc.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..25725f27
--- /dev/null
+++ b/phpunit/code/nullsafe-write-inc.php
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+<?php
+
+class NullsafeWriteInc
+{
+    public int $value = 1;
+}
+
+function main(): void
+{
+    $object = new NullsafeWriteInc();
+    $object?->value++;
+}
diff --git a/phpunit/code/nullsafe-write-unset.php b/phpunit/code/nullsafe-write-unset.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..77ee238c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/phpunit/code/nullsafe-write-unset.php
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+<?php
+
+class NullsafeWriteUnset
+{
+    public int $value = 1;
+}
+
+function main(): void
+{
+    $object = new NullsafeWriteUnset();
+    unset($object?->value);
+}
diff --git a/phpunit/src/FunctionTest.php b/phpunit/src/FunctionTest.php
index 0881e86c..e547d5cb 100644
--- a/phpunit/src/FunctionTest.php
+++ b/phpunit/src/FunctionTest.php
@@ -77,4 +77,14 @@ class FunctionTest extends \BaseTest
         $this->exec('OptionalBeforeRequired::method(): optional parameter `$first` cannot be declared before required parameter `$second`', 'method-optional-before-required-param.php');
     }
 
+    public function testInternalVoidFunctionCannotBeAssigned()
+    {
+        $this->exec('Cannot use void expression as assignment value', 'internal-void-function-assignment.php');
+    }
+
+    public function testInternalVoidFunctionCannotBeUsedAsBinaryOperand()
+    {
+        $this->exec('Cannot use void expression as binary operand', 'internal-void-function-binary-operand.php');
+    }
+
 }
diff --git a/phpunit/src/InheritanceErrorTest.php b/phpunit/src/InheritanceErrorTest.php
index dcc38a33..8731232a 100644
--- a/phpunit/src/InheritanceErrorTest.php
+++ b/phpunit/src/InheritanceErrorTest.php
@@ -138,9 +138,19 @@ class InheritanceErrorTest extends TestCase
         $this->assertCompiles('inheritance_prop_visibility_widen.php');
     }
 
-    public function testPrivateParentPropertyMayBeRedeclared()
+    public function testPrivateParentPropertyCannotBeRedeclared()
     {
-        $this->assertCompiles('inheritance_private_prop_redeclare.php');
+        $this->exec('property shadowing across inheritance is not allowed', 'inheritance_private_prop_redeclare.php');
+    }
+
+    public function testPrivateParentPropertyCannotBeShadowedByPublicProperty()
+    {
+        $this->exec('property shadowing across inheritance is not allowed', 'accessibility/private-prop-in-parent.php');
+    }
+
+    public function testPrivateTraitPropertyCannotBeShadowedByPublicProperty()
+    {
+        $this->exec('property shadowing across inheritance is not allowed', 'accessibility/private-prop-in-trait.php');
     }
 
     public function testConstantTypeMismatch()
diff --git a/phpunit/src/NativePropertyTest.php b/phpunit/src/NativePropertyTest.php
index b01b6b80..11c31544 100644
--- a/phpunit/src/NativePropertyTest.php
+++ b/phpunit/src/NativePropertyTest.php
@@ -51,4 +51,44 @@ class NativePropertyTest extends \BaseTest
     {
         $this->exec('Cannot access protected property `value` of class `NativeProtectedOwner`', 'native-property-protected-unrelated-class.php');
     }
+
+    public function testCannotAccessPrivateNativePropertyThroughNullsafe(): void
+    {
+        $this->exec('Cannot access private property `value` of class `NullsafePrivateOwner`', 'nullsafe-private-property.php');
+    }
+
+    public function testCannotAccessNestedPrivateNativePropertyThroughNullsafe(): void
+    {
+        $this->exec('Cannot access private property `value` of class `NullsafeNestedChild`', 'nullsafe-nested-private-property.php');
+    }
+
+    public function testCannotAssignThroughNullsafeProperty(): void
+    {
+        $this->exec("Can't use nullsafe operator in write context", 'nullsafe-write-assign.php');
+    }
+
+    public function testCannotUseCompoundAssignThroughNullsafeProperty(): void
+    {
+        $this->exec("Can't use nullsafe operator in write context", 'nullsafe-write-assign-op.php');
+    }
+
+    public function testCannotIncrementThroughNullsafeProperty(): void
+    {
+        $this->exec("Can't use nullsafe operator in write context", 'nullsafe-write-inc.php');
+    }
+
+    public function testCannotUnsetThroughNullsafeProperty(): void
+    {
+        $this->exec("Can't use nullsafe operator in write context", 'nullsafe-write-unset.php');
+    }
+
+    public function testCannotAssignReferenceToNullsafeProperty(): void
+    {
+        $this->exec("Can't use nullsafe operator in write context", 'nullsafe-write-assign-ref-left.php');
+    }
+
+    public function testCannotTakeReferenceOfNullsafeProperty(): void
+    {
+        $this->exec('Cannot take reference of a nullsafe chain', 'nullsafe-write-assign-ref-right.php');
+    }
 }
diff --git a/src/Php/CompilerBase.php b/src/Php/CompilerBase.php
index 9bd09c47..e4a6d079 100644
--- a/src/Php/CompilerBase.php
+++ b/src/Php/CompilerBase.php
@@ -2768,6 +2768,7 @@ class CompilerBase extends \PhpAot\Core\Translator
 
     protected function parsePreInc(Expr\PreInc $expr): string
     {
+        $this->assertNotNullsafeWriteContext($expr->var);
         $oriInAssignExpr = $this->context->inAssignExpr;
         $this->context->inAssignExpr = true;
 
@@ -3825,6 +3826,7 @@ class CompilerBase extends \PhpAot\Core\Translator
 
     protected function parsePostOp(Expr\PostDec|Expr\PostInc $expr, string $op): string
     {
+        $this->assertNotNullsafeWriteContext($expr->var);
         $result = $this->genDynamicPropIncDec($expr->var, $op, false);
         if ($result !== null) {
             return $result;
@@ -4030,6 +4032,7 @@ class CompilerBase extends \PhpAot\Core\Translator
 
     protected function parsePreDec(Expr\PreDec $expr): string
     {
+        $this->assertNotNullsafeWriteContext($expr->var);
         $oriInAssignExpr = $this->context->inAssignExpr;
         $this->context->inAssignExpr = true;
 
@@ -4792,6 +4795,7 @@ class CompilerBase extends \PhpAot\Core\Translator
         $vars = $node->vars;
         $lines = [];
         foreach ($vars as $var) {
+            $this->assertNotNullsafeWriteContext($var);
             if ($this->isArrayDimFetch($var)) {
                 if ($var->dim === null) {
                     $this->fatalError($var, 'Cannot use [] for array unset');
@@ -5365,11 +5369,19 @@ class CompilerBase extends \PhpAot\Core\Translator
      */
     protected function checkLeftValue(NodeAbstract $expr): void
     {
+        $this->assertNotNullsafeWriteContext($expr);
         if (!$this->isVarExpr($expr) && !$this->isArrayDimFetch($expr) && !$this->isPropertyFetch($expr) && !$this->isStaticPropertyFetch($expr)) {
             $this->fatalError($expr, 'The left value of assignment operation can only be variable, array item, object property, class static property');
         }
     }
 
+    protected function assertNotNullsafeWriteContext(NodeAbstract $expr): void
+    {
+        if ($expr instanceof Expr\NullsafePropertyFetch) {
+            $this->fatalError($expr, "Can't use nullsafe operator in write context");
+        }
+    }
+
     protected function getChainedFunc(string $op): string
     {
         return match ($op) {
@@ -5477,9 +5489,7 @@ class CompilerBase extends \PhpAot\Core\Translator
     {
         if ($this->isInternalFunction($name)) {
             $returnType = Reflection::getFunctionReturnType($name);
-            // void 类型将被忽略，类型推测仅用于赋值操作的右值，即使返回值为 void , 赋值操作也应该继续运行，右值会被当做 null
-            // 例如 $a = var_dump('hello'); 虽然 var_dump 返回值为 void ，但是 $a 的类型是 mixed，值为 null
-            if ($returnType and $returnType !== 'void') {
+            if ($returnType) {
                 return $this->getTypeFromZendType($returnType);
             }
         }
@@ -5489,7 +5499,7 @@ class CompilerBase extends \PhpAot\Core\Translator
     protected function detectMethodCallReturnType(string $class, string $method): string
     {
         $returnType = Reflection::getMethodReturnType($class, $method);
-        if ($returnType and $returnType !== 'void') {
+        if ($returnType) {
             return $this->getTypeFromZendType($returnType);
         }
         return self::TYPE_VAR;
@@ -6774,6 +6784,17 @@ class CompilerBase extends \PhpAot\Core\Translator
                     return $beforeCode . PHP_EOL . $code . ';' . PHP_EOL . 'return ' . self::VALUE_NULL . ';';
                 }
             }
+            if ($this->detectTypeOfExpr($expr->expr) === self::TYPE_VOID) {
+                if ($this->context->closureReturnTypeCheck) {
+                    $tmpVar = $this->genTmpVarName();
+                    $this->addLocalVar($tmpVar, self::TYPE_VAR);
+                    return $beforeCode . PHP_EOL . $code . ';' . PHP_EOL
+                        . $tmpVar . ' = ' . self::VALUE_NULL . ';' . PHP_EOL
+                        . $this->genClosureReturnCheck($tmpVar)
+                        . $this->getIndent() . 'return ' . $tmpVar . ';';
+                }
+                return $beforeCode . PHP_EOL . $code . ';' . PHP_EOL . 'return ' . self::VALUE_NULL . ';';
+            }
             if ($this->context->closureReturnTypeCheck) {
                 $tmpVar = $this->genTmpVarName();
                 $this->addLocalVar($tmpVar, self::TYPE_VAR);
@@ -6829,7 +6850,7 @@ class CompilerBase extends \PhpAot\Core\Translator
 
         while (1) {
             if ($expr instanceof Expr\NullsafePropertyFetch) {
-                $list[] = ['property', $this->identifierToStr($expr->name, literal: true)];
+                $list[] = ['property', $this->identifierToStr($expr->name, literal: true), $expr];
                 $expr = $expr->var;
             } elseif ($expr instanceof Expr\NullsafeMethodCall) {
                 $list[] = ['method', $this->identifierToStr($expr->name, literal: true), $expr->args];
@@ -6852,6 +6873,7 @@ class CompilerBase extends \PhpAot\Core\Translator
         }
 
         $list = array_reverse($list);
+        $this->checkNullsafePropertyAccesses($expr, $list);
         $last = array_key_last($list);
         $tmpFn = $this->genTmpVarName();
 
@@ -6886,6 +6908,42 @@ class CompilerBase extends \PhpAot\Core\Translator
         return "{$tmpFn}()";
     }
 
+    private function checkNullsafePropertyAccesses(NodeAbstract $baseExpr, array $list): void
+    {
+        $className = $this->detectClassOfExpr($baseExpr);
+        if ($className === '') {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        foreach ($list as $item) {
+            if ($item[0] !== 'property') {
+                $className = '';
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            /** @var Expr\NullsafePropertyFetch $node */
+            $node = $item[2];
+            if (!$this->isIdExpr($node->name)) {
+                $className = '';
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            $property = $this->parseIdentifier($node->name);
+            $this->findNativeProperty($node, $property, $className);
+            if (!$node->hasAttribute('nativePropertyDef')) {
+                $className = '';
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            /** @var PropertyDef $def */
+            $def = $node->getAttribute('nativePropertyDef');
+            $className = $def->type === self::TYPE_OBJECT ? $def->class : '';
+            if ($className === '') {
+                return;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
     protected function parseFullyQualifiedName(Node\Name\FullyQualified $expr): string
     {
         return $expr->name;
diff --git a/src/Php/Parser/AssignOpTrait.php b/src/Php/Parser/AssignOpTrait.php
index 1db08b7d..eab77ac8 100644
--- a/src/Php/Parser/AssignOpTrait.php
+++ b/src/Php/Parser/AssignOpTrait.php
@@ -143,6 +143,7 @@ trait AssignOpTrait
 
     protected function parseAssignFinally(Expr $left, Expr $right): string
     {
+        $this->assertNotNullsafeWriteContext($left);
         if ($left instanceof Expr\List_) {
             return $this->parseAssignToList($left, $right);
         }
@@ -325,6 +326,7 @@ trait AssignOpTrait
 
     protected function parseAssignOp(Expr\AssignOp $node, string $op): string
     {
+        $this->assertNotNullsafeWriteContext($node->var);
         $oriInAssignExpr = $this->context->inAssignExpr;
         $this->context->inAssignExpr = true;
         $var          = $this->parseIdentifier($node->var);
@@ -521,6 +523,11 @@ trait AssignOpTrait
 
     protected function parseAssignRef(Expr\AssignRef $expr): string
     {
+        $this->assertNotNullsafeWriteContext($expr->var);
+        if ($expr->expr instanceof Expr\NullsafePropertyFetch) {
+            $this->fatalError($expr->expr, 'Cannot take reference of a nullsafe chain');
+        }
+
         $this->context->inAssignExpr = true;
         $left = $this->parseIdentifier($expr->var);
         $this->context->inAssignExpr = false;
diff --git a/src/Php/Translator.php b/src/Php/Translator.php
index 2eef2ce0..3cf325a5 100644
--- a/src/Php/Translator.php
+++ b/src/Php/Translator.php
@@ -3441,7 +3441,9 @@ CODE;
                 if ($chainNode->hasProperty($name)) {
                     $parentProp = $chainNode->getProperty($name);
                     if ($parentProp->flags & Modifiers::PRIVATE) {
-                        continue;
+                        $this->fatalError($classStmt,
+                            "Declaration of `{$className}::\${$name}` conflicts with private property " .
+                            "`{$parentClass}::\${$name}`; property shadowing across inheritance is not allowed");
                     }
                     if ($childProp->type !== $parentProp->type || $childProp->class !== $parentProp->class) {
                         $this->fatalError($classStmt,