refactor(backend): 重构编译器后端实现以支持自定义编译器路径

- 修改 Clang 和 Gcc 类构造函数以接受自定义编译器命令参数
- 引入 CompilerFactory 来统一管理编译器创建和检测逻辑
- 更新 BackendTest 添加对自定义编译器路径的支持测试
- 实现 Windows 平台下 lld-link 检测和回退机制
- 重构 CompilerBase 类中的平台和编译器初始化逻辑
- 移除旧的平台特定检测方法并整合到 PlatformFactory
- 更新编译和链接命令构建以使用新的后端抽象层
- 优化 include paths、library paths 和 libraries 的处理流程
- 改进目标文件扩展名和链接选项的跨平台处理

phpunit/src/Backend/BackendTest.php

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ use PhpAot\Php\Platform\Macos;
 use PhpAot\Php\Backend\Msvc;
 use PhpAot\Php\Backend\Gcc;
 use PhpAot\Php\Backend\Clang;
+use PhpAot\Php\Backend\CompilerFactory;
 
 class BackendTest extends TestCase
 {
@@ -231,6 +232,43 @@ class BackendTest extends TestCase
         $this->assertStringContainsString('-DZEND_WIN32', $cmd);
     }
 
+    public function testGccBuildCompileCommandUsesCustomCompilerAndIncludes(): void
+    {
+        $platform = new Linux();
+        $compiler = new Gcc($platform, '/opt/toolchain/bin/g++');
+
+        $cmd = $compiler->buildCompileCommand('test.cpp', 'test.o', [
+            'include_paths' => ['/usr/include/php'],
+            'cpp_std' => 'c++20',
+            'cxxflags' => '-fno-rtti',
+        ]);
+
+        $this->assertStringStartsWith('/opt/toolchain/bin/g++', $cmd);
+        $this->assertStringContainsString('-I' . escapeshellarg('/usr/include/php'), $cmd);
+        $this->assertStringContainsString('-std=c++20', $cmd);
+        $this->assertStringContainsString('-fno-rtti', $cmd);
+    }
+
+    public function testGccBuildLinkCommandIncludesPlatformPathsOptionsAndLibraries(): void
+    {
+        $platform = new Linux();
+        $compiler = new Gcc($platform, 'g++');
+
+        $cmd = $compiler->buildLinkCommand(['a.o', 'b.o'], 'app', [
+            'library_paths' => ['/usr/lib'],
+            'libraries' => ['/usr/lib/libphpx.so', 'php'],
+            'ldflags' => '-Wl,--as-needed',
+            'build_mode' => 'ext',
+        ]);
+
+        $this->assertStringStartsWith('g++', $cmd);
+        $this->assertStringContainsString('-L' . escapeshellarg('/usr/lib'), $cmd);
+        $this->assertStringContainsString('-Wl,--as-needed', $cmd);
+        $this->assertStringContainsString('-shared', $cmd);
+        $this->assertStringContainsString('-lphpx', $cmd);
+        $this->assertStringContainsString('-lphp', $cmd);
+    }
+
     /**
      * 测试 GCC 完整编译选项
      */
@@ -314,6 +352,15 @@ class BackendTest extends TestCase
         $this->assertEquals('link', $compiler->getLinkerCommand());
     }
 
+    public function testCompilerFactoryKeepsConfiguredCompilerCommand(): void
+    {
+        $compiler = CompilerFactory::createByName('/opt/llvm/bin/clang++', new Linux());
+
+        $this->assertInstanceOf(Clang::class, $compiler);
+        $this->assertSame('/opt/llvm/bin/clang++', $compiler->getCompilerCommand());
+        $this->assertSame('/opt/llvm/bin/clang++', $compiler->getLinkerCommand());
+    }
+
     /**
      * 测试 Clang 完整编译选项（Unix）
      */

phpunit/src/Platform/PlatformTest.php

@@ -87,6 +87,29 @@ class PlatformTest extends TestCase
         $this->assertEquals('src\Php\Backend', $path);
     }
 
+    public function testTargetExtensions(): void
+    {
+        $windows = new Windows();
+        $linux = new Linux();
+        $macos = new Macos();
+
+        $this->assertSame('.exe', $windows->getTargetExtension('bin'));
+        $this->assertSame('.dll', $windows->getTargetExtension('ext'));
+        $this->assertSame('', $linux->getTargetExtension('bin'));
+        $this->assertSame('.so', $linux->getTargetExtension('ext'));
+        $this->assertSame('', $macos->getTargetExtension('bin'));
+        $this->assertSame('.so', $macos->getTargetExtension('ext'));
+    }
+
+    public function testPlatformPathPrefixRemoval(): void
+    {
+        $windows = new Windows();
+        $linux = new Linux();
+
+        $this->assertSame('src\app.php', $windows->removeCommonPrefix('C:\project', 'C:/project/src/app.php'));
+        $this->assertSame('src/app.php', $linux->removeCommonPrefix('/project', '/project/src/app.php'));
+    }
+
     /**
      * 测试 Windows 子系统选项
      */
@@ -155,8 +178,8 @@ class PlatformTest extends TestCase
         $paths = ['/usr/include/php', '/usr/local/include'];
         $flags = $platform->getIncludeFlags($paths);
         
-        $this->assertStringContainsString('-I"/usr/include/php"', $flags);
-        $this->assertStringContainsString('-I"/usr/local/include"', $flags);
+        $this->assertStringContainsString('-I' . escapeshellarg('/usr/include/php'), $flags);
+        $this->assertStringContainsString('-I' . escapeshellarg('/usr/local/include'), $flags);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -169,8 +192,8 @@ class PlatformTest extends TestCase
         $paths = ['/usr/lib', '/usr/local/lib'];
         $flags = $platform->getLibraryPathFlags($paths);
         
-        $this->assertStringContainsString('-L"/usr/lib"', $flags);
-        $this->assertStringContainsString('-L"/usr/local/lib"', $flags);
+        $this->assertStringContainsString('-L' . escapeshellarg('/usr/lib'), $flags);
+        $this->assertStringContainsString('-L' . escapeshellarg('/usr/local/lib'), $flags);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -197,8 +220,8 @@ class PlatformTest extends TestCase
         $paths = ['/usr/lib', '/usr/local/lib'];
         $options = $platform->getRpathOptions($paths);
         
-        $this->assertStringContainsString('-Wl,-rpath,"/usr/lib"', $options);
-        $this->assertStringContainsString('-Wl,-rpath,"/usr/local/lib"', $options);
+        $this->assertStringContainsString('-Wl,-rpath,' . escapeshellarg('/usr/lib'), $options);
+        $this->assertStringContainsString('-Wl,-rpath,' . escapeshellarg('/usr/local/lib'), $options);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -211,6 +234,13 @@ class PlatformTest extends TestCase
         $this->assertEquals('-fPIC', $platform->getPicFlag());
     }
 
+    public function testIntegerLiteralSuffixes(): void
+    {
+        $this->assertSame('L', (new Linux())->getIntegerLiteralSuffix());
+        $this->assertSame('LL', (new Macos())->getIntegerLiteralSuffix());
+        $this->assertSame('LL', (new Windows())->getIntegerLiteralSuffix());
+    }
+
     /**
      * 测试 Linux 共享库链接标志
      */

src/Php/Backend/Clang.php

@@ -9,6 +9,16 @@ use PhpAot\Php\Platform\PlatformBase;
  */
 class Clang extends CompilerBackend
 {
+    private string $compilerCommand;
+    private ?string $linkerCommand;
+
+    public function __construct(PlatformBase $platform, string $compilerCommand = 'clang++', ?string $linkerCommand = null)
+    {
+        parent::__construct($platform);
+        $this->compilerCommand = $compilerCommand;
+        $this->linkerCommand = $linkerCommand;
+    }
+
     public function getName(): string
     {
         return 'Clang';
@@ -16,16 +26,49 @@ class Clang extends CompilerBackend
 
     public function getCompilerCommand(): string
     {
-        return 'clang++';
+        return $this->compilerCommand;
     }
 
     public function getLinkerCommand(): string
     {
+        if ($this->linkerCommand !== null) {
+            return $this->linkerCommand;
+        }
+
         // Windows 下使用 MSVC 链接器，其他平台使用 clang++
         if ($this->platform instanceof \PhpAot\Php\Platform\Windows) {
             return 'link';
         }
-        return 'clang++';
+        return $this->compilerCommand;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Windows 下优先使用 lld-link，找不到时回退到 link.exe
+     */
+    public static function detectWindowsLinker(): string
+    {
+        $output = [];
+        $returnCode = 0;
+        exec('lld-link --version 2>&1', $output, $returnCode);
+
+        if ($returnCode === 0) {
+            return 'lld-link';
+        }
+
+        $llvmHome = getenv('LLVM_HOME');
+        if ($llvmHome && is_dir($llvmHome)) {
+            $lldLinkPath = rtrim($llvmHome, '\/') . '\x64\bin\lld-link.exe';
+            if (file_exists($lldLinkPath)) {
+                exec('"' . $lldLinkPath . '" --version 2>&1', $output, $returnCode);
+                if ($returnCode === 0) {
+                    $lldDir = dirname($lldLinkPath);
+                    putenv("PATH={$lldDir};" . getenv('PATH'));
+                    return 'lld-link';
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        return 'link';
     }
 
     public function compileFile(
@@ -118,34 +161,13 @@ class Clang extends CompilerBackend
         $cmd .= ' -c';
         $cmd .= ' ' . escapeshellarg($sourceFile);
         $cmd .= ' -o ' . escapeshellarg($outputFile);
-        
-        // 优化级别
-        $optimizeLevel = $options['optimize'] ?? 2;
-        
-        // 调试模式
-        if (!empty($options['debug'])) {
-            $cmd .= ' -O0 -g';
-        } else {
-            $cmd .= ' -O' . $optimizeLevel;
-        }
-        
-        // 警告级别
-        $cmd .= ' -Wall';
-        
-        // C++ 标准
-        $cppStd = $options['cpp_std'] ?? 'c++17';
-        $cmd .= ' -std=' . $cppStd;
-        
-        // Sanitizer 支持
-        if (!empty($options['sanitize'])) {
-            $cmd .= ' -fsanitize=' . $options['sanitize'];
-        }
-        
-        // PIC（位置无关代码）
-        if (!empty($options['pic'])) {
-            $cmd .= ' -fPIC';
+
+        if (!empty($options['include_paths'])) {
+            $cmd .= ' ' . $this->formatIncludePaths($options['include_paths']);
         }
-        
+
+        $cmd .= $this->buildCompileOptions($options);
+
         return $cmd;
     }
 
@@ -167,6 +189,10 @@ class Clang extends CompilerBackend
         $cmd .= ' -c';
         $cmd .= ' ' . escapeshellarg($sourceFile);
         $cmd .= ' -o ' . escapeshellarg($outputFile);
+
+        if (!empty($options['include_paths'])) {
+            $cmd .= ' ' . $this->formatIncludePaths($options['include_paths']);
+        }
         
         // 优化级别（C 文件通常使用较低的优化）
         $optimizeLevel = $options['optimize'] ?? 0;
@@ -195,41 +221,22 @@ class Clang extends CompilerBackend
         if ($this->platform instanceof \PhpAot\Php\Platform\Windows) {
             $cmd .= ' /OUT:' . escapeshellarg($outputFile);
             
-            // 调试信息
-            if (!empty($options['debug'])) {
-                $cmd .= ' /DEBUG';
-            }
-            
-            // Windows 子系统
-            if (!empty($options['no_console'])) {
-                $cmd .= ' ' . $this->platform->getSubsystemOptions(true);
-            }
-            
-            // CRT 配置
-            $cmd .= ' ' . $this->platform->getCrtConfig();
         } else {
-            // Unix/Linux/macOS 使用 GCC 风格语法
             $cmd .= ' -o ' . escapeshellarg($outputFile);
-            
-            // 共享库
-            if (!empty($options['shared'])) {
-                $cmd .= ' ' . $this->platform->getSharedLinkFlag();
-                
-                // macOS 需要 install_name
-                if ($this->platform instanceof \PhpAot\Php\Platform\Macos && !empty($options['install_name'])) {
-                    $cmd .= ' ' . $this->platform->getCurrentInstallNameOption($options['install_name']);
-                }
-            }
-            
-            // RPATH（运行时库搜索路径）
-            if (!empty($options['rpath'])) {
-                $cmd .= ' ' . $this->platform->getRpathOptions($options['rpath']);
-            }
-            
-            // Sanitizer 链接选项
-            if (!empty($options['sanitize'])) {
-                $cmd .= ' -fsanitize=' . $options['sanitize'];
-            }
+        }
+
+        if (!empty($options['library_paths'])) {
+            $cmd .= ' ' . $this->formatLibraryPaths($options['library_paths']);
+        }
+
+        if (!empty($options['ldflags'])) {
+            $cmd .= ' ' . $options['ldflags'];
+        }
+
+        $cmd .= $this->buildLinkOptions($options);
+
+        if (!empty($options['libraries'])) {
+            $cmd .= ' ' . $this->formatLibraries($options['libraries']);
         }
         
         return $cmd;
@@ -358,7 +365,7 @@ class Clang extends CompilerBackend
         }
         
         // PIC (Position Independent Code)
-        if (!empty($config['build_mode']) && $config['build_mode'] === 'ext') {
+        if ((!empty($config['build_mode']) && $config['build_mode'] === 'ext') || !empty($config['pic'])) {
             if ($this->platform instanceof \PhpAot\Php\Platform\Windows) {
                 // Windows Clang 不需要特殊处理
             } else {
@@ -408,8 +415,12 @@ class Clang extends CompilerBackend
         } else {
             // Unix/Linux/macOS
             // 扩展模块选项
-            if (!empty($config['build_mode']) && $config['build_mode'] === 'ext') {
-                $cmd .= ' -shared';
+            if ((!empty($config['build_mode']) && $config['build_mode'] === 'ext') || !empty($config['shared'])) {
+                $cmd .= ' ' . $this->platform->getSharedLinkFlag();
+
+                if ($this->platform instanceof \PhpAot\Php\Platform\Macos && !empty($config['install_name'])) {
+                    $cmd .= ' ' . $this->platform->getCurrentInstallNameOption($config['install_name']);
+                }
             }
             
             // RPATH

src/Php/Backend/CompilerFactory.php

@@ -20,49 +20,106 @@ class CompilerFactory
     {
         if ($platform instanceof Windows) {
             // Windows 默认使用 MSVC
-            return new Msvc($platform);
+            return new Msvc($platform, $platform->getDefaultCompiler());
         } elseif ($platform instanceof Linux) {
             // Linux 默认使用 GCC
-            return new Gcc($platform);
+            return new Gcc($platform, $platform->getDefaultCompiler());
         } elseif ($platform instanceof Macos) {
             // macOS 默认使用 Clang
-            return new Clang($platform);
+            return new Clang($platform, $platform->getDefaultCompiler());
         } else {
             throw new \RuntimeException("Unsupported platform: " . $platform->getName());
         }
     }
 
+    /**
+     * 根据配置、环境变量和平台默认值解析编译器命令
+     */
+    public static function detectCompilerName(PlatformBase $platform, string $configuredCompiler = ''): string
+    {
+        if ($configuredCompiler !== '') {
+            return $configuredCompiler;
+        }
+
+        $compilerEnv = getenv('PHPX_CC');
+        if ($compilerEnv) {
+            return $compilerEnv;
+        }
+
+        if (!$platform instanceof Windows) {
+            $cxxEnv = getenv('CXX');
+            if ($cxxEnv) {
+                return $cxxEnv;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return $platform->getDefaultCompiler();
+    }
+
     /**
      * 创建指定类型的编译器后端
      */
     public static function createByName(string $compilerName, PlatformBase $platform): CompilerBackend
     {
-        return match (strtolower($compilerName)) {
-            'msvc', 'cl' => new Msvc($platform),
-            'gcc', 'g++' => new Gcc($platform),
-            'clang', 'clang++' => new Clang($platform),
-            default => throw new \RuntimeException("Unsupported compiler: {$compilerName}"),
-        };
+        $normalized = self::normalizeCompilerName($compilerName);
+        $lowerCommand = strtolower($compilerName);
+
+        if (str_contains($normalized, 'clang') || str_contains($lowerCommand, 'clang')) {
+            $linker = $platform instanceof Windows ? Clang::detectWindowsLinker() : null;
+            return new Clang($platform, $compilerName, $linker);
+        }
+
+        if (
+            $normalized === 'gcc' ||
+            $normalized === 'g++' ||
+            $normalized === 'c++' ||
+            str_ends_with($normalized, '-gcc') ||
+            str_ends_with($normalized, '-g++') ||
+            str_contains($lowerCommand, 'g++') ||
+            str_contains($lowerCommand, 'c++') ||
+            str_contains($lowerCommand, 'gcc')
+        ) {
+            return new Gcc($platform, $compilerName);
+        }
+
+        if ($normalized === 'msvc' || $normalized === 'cl') {
+            if (!$platform instanceof Windows) {
+                throw new \RuntimeException("MSVC compiler is only supported on Windows");
+            }
+            return new Msvc($platform, $compilerName);
+        }
+
+        throw new \RuntimeException("Unsupported compiler: {$compilerName}");
     }
 
     /**
      * 自动检测并创建编译器和平台
      */
-    public static function autoDetect(string $compilerName = ''): array
+    public static function autoDetect(string $compilerName = '', ?PlatformBase $platform = null): array
     {
         // 创建平台
-        $platform = \PhpAot\Php\Platform\PlatformFactory::create();
+        $platform ??= \PhpAot\Php\Platform\PlatformFactory::create();
         
         // 创建编译器
-        if (!empty($compilerName)) {
-            $compiler = self::createByName($compilerName, $platform);
-        } else {
-            $compiler = self::create($platform);
-        }
+        $compilerName = self::detectCompilerName($platform, $compilerName);
+        $compiler = self::createByName($compilerName, $platform);
         
         return [
             'platform' => $platform,
             'compiler' => $compiler,
         ];
     }
+
+    private static function normalizeCompilerName(string $compilerName): string
+    {
+        $firstToken = strtok(trim($compilerName), ' ');
+        if ($firstToken === false || $firstToken === '') {
+            return '';
+        }
+
+        $name = basename(str_replace('\\', '/', $firstToken));
+        $name = strtolower($name);
+
+        return preg_replace('/\.exe$/', '', $name);
+    }
 }

src/Php/Backend/Gcc.php

@@ -9,6 +9,16 @@ use PhpAot\Php\Platform\PlatformBase;
  */
 class Gcc extends CompilerBackend
 {
+    private string $compilerCommand;
+    private string $linkerCommand;
+
+    public function __construct(PlatformBase $platform, string $compilerCommand = 'g++', ?string $linkerCommand = null)
+    {
+        parent::__construct($platform);
+        $this->compilerCommand = $compilerCommand;
+        $this->linkerCommand = $linkerCommand ?? $compilerCommand;
+    }
+
     public function getName(): string
     {
         return 'GCC';
@@ -16,12 +26,12 @@ class Gcc extends CompilerBackend
 
     public function getCompilerCommand(): string
     {
-        return 'g++';
+        return $this->compilerCommand;
     }
 
     public function getLinkerCommand(): string
     {
-        return 'g++';
+        return $this->linkerCommand;
     }
 
     public function compileFile(
@@ -92,28 +102,13 @@ class Gcc extends CompilerBackend
         $cmd .= ' -c';
         $cmd .= ' ' . escapeshellarg($sourceFile);
         $cmd .= ' -o ' . escapeshellarg($outputFile);
-        
-        // 优化级别
-        $optimizeLevel = $options['optimize'] ?? 2;
-        $cmd .= ' -O' . $optimizeLevel;
-        
-        // 调试信息
-        if (!empty($options['debug'])) {
-            $cmd .= ' -g';
-        }
-        
-        // 警告级别
-        $cmd .= ' -Wall';
-        
-        // C++ 标准
-        $cppStd = $options['cpp_std'] ?? 'c++17';
-        $cmd .= ' -std=' . $cppStd;
-        
-        // PIC（位置无关代码）
-        if (!empty($options['pic'])) {
-            $cmd .= ' -fPIC';
+
+        if (!empty($options['include_paths'])) {
+            $cmd .= ' ' . $this->formatIncludePaths($options['include_paths']);
         }
-        
+
+        $cmd .= $this->buildCompileOptions($options);
+
         return $cmd;
     }
 
@@ -126,6 +121,10 @@ class Gcc extends CompilerBackend
         $cmd .= ' -c';
         $cmd .= ' ' . escapeshellarg($sourceFile);
         $cmd .= ' -o ' . escapeshellarg($outputFile);
+
+        if (!empty($options['include_paths'])) {
+            $cmd .= ' ' . $this->formatIncludePaths($options['include_paths']);
+        }
         
         // 优化级别（C 文件通常使用较低的优化）
         $optimizeLevel = $options['optimize'] ?? 0;
@@ -149,22 +148,21 @@ class Gcc extends CompilerBackend
         $cmd = $this->getLinkerCommand();
         $cmd .= ' ' . implode(' ', array_map('escapeshellarg', $objectFiles));
         $cmd .= ' -o ' . escapeshellarg($outputFile);
-        
-        // 共享库
-        if (!empty($options['shared'])) {
-            $cmd .= ' ' . $this->platform->getSharedLinkFlag();
-            
-            // macOS 需要 install_name
-            if ($this->platform instanceof \PhpAot\Php\Platform\Macos && !empty($options['install_name'])) {
-                $cmd .= ' ' . $this->platform->getCurrentInstallNameOption($options['install_name']);
-            }
+
+        if (!empty($options['library_paths'])) {
+            $cmd .= ' ' . $this->formatLibraryPaths($options['library_paths']);
         }
-        
-        // RPATH（运行时库搜索路径）
-        if (!empty($options['rpath'])) {
-            $cmd .= ' ' . $this->platform->getRpathOptions($options['rpath']);
+
+        if (!empty($options['ldflags'])) {
+            $cmd .= ' ' . $options['ldflags'];
         }
-        
+
+        $cmd .= $this->buildLinkOptions($options);
+
+        if (!empty($options['libraries'])) {
+            $cmd .= ' ' . $this->formatLibraries($options['libraries']);
+        }
+
         return $cmd;
     }
 
@@ -262,7 +260,7 @@ class Gcc extends CompilerBackend
         }
         
         // PIC (Position Independent Code)
-        if (!empty($config['build_mode']) && $config['build_mode'] === 'ext') {
+        if ((!empty($config['build_mode']) && $config['build_mode'] === 'ext') || !empty($config['pic'])) {
             $cmd .= ' -fPIC';
         }
         
@@ -287,8 +285,12 @@ class Gcc extends CompilerBackend
         $cmd = '';
         
         // 扩展模块选项
-        if (!empty($config['build_mode']) && $config['build_mode'] === 'ext') {
-            $cmd .= ' -shared';
+        if ((!empty($config['build_mode']) && $config['build_mode'] === 'ext') || !empty($config['shared'])) {
+            $cmd .= ' ' . $this->platform->getSharedLinkFlag();
+
+            if ($this->platform instanceof \PhpAot\Php\Platform\Macos && !empty($config['install_name'])) {
+                $cmd .= ' ' . $this->platform->getCurrentInstallNameOption($config['install_name']);
+            }
         }
         
         // RPATH

src/Php/Backend/Msvc.php

@@ -9,9 +9,14 @@ use PhpAot\Php\Platform\Windows;
  */
 class Msvc extends CompilerBackend
 {
-    public function __construct(Windows $platform)
+    private string $compilerCommand;
+    private string $linkerCommand;
+
+    public function __construct(Windows $platform, string $compilerCommand = 'cl', string $linkerCommand = 'link')
     {
         parent::__construct($platform);
+        $this->compilerCommand = $compilerCommand;
+        $this->linkerCommand = $linkerCommand;
     }
 
     public function getName(): string
@@ -21,12 +26,12 @@ class Msvc extends CompilerBackend
 
     public function getCompilerCommand(): string
     {
-        return 'cl';
+        return $this->compilerCommand;
     }
 
     public function getLinkerCommand(): string
     {
-        return 'link';
+        return $this->linkerCommand;
     }
 
     public function compileFile(
@@ -97,42 +102,14 @@ class Msvc extends CompilerBackend
         $cmd .= ' /c';
         $cmd .= ' ' . escapeshellarg($sourceFile);
         $cmd .= ' /Fo' . escapeshellarg($outputFile);
-        
-        // 平台宏定义
-        $cmd .= ' /DZEND_WIN32 /DPHP_WIN32 /DZEND_DEBUG=0';
-        
-        // ZTS 支持
-        if ($this->platform instanceof Windows && $this->platform->isZts()) {
-            $cmd .= ' /DZTS';
-        }
-        
-        // 优化级别
-        $optimizeLevel = $options['optimize'] ?? 2;
-        $cmd .= ' /O' . ($optimizeLevel >= 2 ? '2' : ($optimizeLevel === 0 ? 'd' : '1'));
-        
-        // 警告级别
-        $cmd .= ' /W3';
-        
-        // 禁用常见警告
-        if (!empty($options['suppressed_warnings'])) {
-            foreach ($options['suppressed_warnings'] as $code => $description) {
-                $cmd .= " /wd{$code}";
-            }
+
+        if (!empty($options['include_paths'])) {
+            $cmd .= ' ' . $this->formatIncludePaths($options['include_paths']);
         }
-        
-        // C++ 标准
-        $cppStd = $options['cpp_std'] ?? 'c++17';
-        $cmd .= ' /std:' . $cppStd;
-        
-        // 异常处理
-        $cmd .= ' /EHsc';
-        
-        // CRT
-        $cmd .= ' /MD';
-        
-        // nologo
-        $cmd .= ' /nologo';
-        
+
+        $options['is_zts'] ??= $this->platform instanceof Windows && $this->platform->isZts();
+        $cmd .= $this->buildCompileOptions($options);
+
         return $cmd;
     }
 
@@ -145,6 +122,10 @@ class Msvc extends CompilerBackend
         $cmd .= ' /c';
         $cmd .= ' ' . escapeshellarg($sourceFile);
         $cmd .= ' /Fo' . escapeshellarg($outputFile);
+
+        if (!empty($options['include_paths'])) {
+            $cmd .= ' ' . $this->formatIncludePaths($options['include_paths']);
+        }
         
         // 平台宏定义
         $cmd .= ' /DZEND_WIN32 /DPHP_WIN32 /DZEND_DEBUG=0';
@@ -180,23 +161,21 @@ class Msvc extends CompilerBackend
         $cmd = $this->getLinkerCommand();
         $cmd .= ' ' . implode(' ', array_map('escapeshellarg', $objectFiles));
         $cmd .= ' /OUT:' . escapeshellarg($outputFile);
-        
-        // 调试信息
-        if (!empty($options['debug'])) {
-            $cmd .= ' /DEBUG';
+
+        if (!empty($options['library_paths'])) {
+            $cmd .= ' ' . $this->formatLibraryPaths($options['library_paths']);
         }
-        
-        // Windows 子系统
-        if (!empty($options['no_console'])) {
-            $cmd .= ' ' . $this->platform->getSubsystemOptions(true);
+
+        if (!empty($options['ldflags'])) {
+            $cmd .= ' ' . $options['ldflags'];
         }
-        
-        // CRT 配置
-        $cmd .= ' ' . $this->platform->getCrtConfig();
-        
-        // nologo
-        $cmd .= ' /nologo';
-        
+
+        $cmd .= $this->buildLinkOptions($options);
+
+        if (!empty($options['libraries'])) {
+            $cmd .= ' ' . $this->formatLibraries($options['libraries']);
+        }
+
         return $cmd;
     }
 
@@ -267,6 +246,7 @@ class Msvc extends CompilerBackend
         // 禁用常见警告（只使用键，即警告代码）
         if (!empty($options['suppressed_warnings'])) {
             foreach ($options['suppressed_warnings'] as $code => $description) {
+                $code = is_int($code) && $code < 100 ? $description : $code;
                 $cmd .= " /wd{$code}";
             }
         }
@@ -354,6 +334,7 @@ class Msvc extends CompilerBackend
         // 禁用常见警告（只使用键，即警告代码）
         if (!empty($config['suppressed_warnings'])) {
             foreach ($config['suppressed_warnings'] as $code => $description) {
+                $code = is_int($code) && $code < 100 ? $description : $code;
                 $cmd .= " /wd{$code}";
             }
         }

src/Php/CompilerBase.php

@@ -9,6 +9,8 @@
 namespace PhpAot\Php;
 
 use League\CLImate\CLImate;
+use PhpAot\Php\Backend\CompilerBackend;
+use PhpAot\Php\Backend\CompilerFactory;
 use PhpAot\Php\Context\FunctionContext;
 use PhpAot\Php\Entity\ClassDef;
 use PhpAot\Php\Entity\ConstantDef;
@@ -26,6 +28,11 @@ use PhpAot\Php\Generator\PlaceHolderGenerator;
 use PhpAot\Php\Generator\PropertyPromotion;
 use PhpAot\Php\Generator\Utils;
 use PhpAot\Php\Parser\StdArrayParser;
+use PhpAot\Php\Platform\Linux;
+use PhpAot\Php\Platform\Macos;
+use PhpAot\Php\Platform\PlatformBase;
+use PhpAot\Php\Platform\PlatformFactory;
+use PhpAot\Php\Platform\Windows;
 use PhpParser\Modifiers;
 use PhpParser\Node;
 use PhpParser\Node\Expr;
@@ -164,7 +171,6 @@ class CompilerBase extends \PhpAot\Core\Translator
     protected string $cxxflags = '';
     protected string $cxxStd = 'c++17';
     protected string $ldflags = '';
-    protected string $linker = 'link';  // Windows linker: link.exe or lld-link
     protected int $floatPrecision = 17;
     protected bool $debug = false;
     protected bool $formatCode = false;
@@ -268,8 +274,8 @@ class CompilerBase extends \PhpAot\Core\Translator
     protected string $windowsPhpCoreLib = '';   // php8ts.lib 或 php8.lib 路径
     
     // 新的平台和编译器抽象层（可选使用）
-    protected ?\PhpAot\Php\Platform\PlatformBase $platform = null;
-    protected ?\PhpAot\Php\Backend\CompilerBackend $compilerBackend = null;
+    protected ?PlatformBase $platform = null;
+    protected ?CompilerBackend $compilerBackend = null;
 
     /**
      * 在预处理阶段获取所有类的方法名称，检测子类和父类中存在的同名方法，解决动态绑定方法调用的问题
@@ -307,53 +313,30 @@ class CompilerBase extends \PhpAot\Core\Translator
      */
     protected function detectPlatform(): void
     {
-        // 检测是否为 Windows 系统
-        $this->isWindows = strtoupper(substr(PHP_OS, 0, 3)) === 'WIN';
-
-        if ($this->isWindows) {
-            // Windows 下检测使用哪个编译器
-            // 优先级：环境变量 PHPX_CC > cl (MSVC, 默认) > clang
-            $compilerEnv = getenv('PHPX_CC');
-
-            if ($compilerEnv) {
-                // 用户通过环境变量指定编译器
-                $this->cppCompiler = $compilerEnv;
-                $this->climate->info("Using compiler from PHPX_CC: {$this->cppCompiler}");
-            } else {
-                // 默认使用 MSVC（更稳定，与链接器兼容）
-                $this->cppCompiler = 'cl';
-                $this->climate->info('Using MSVC compiler (cl)');
+        try {
+            $this->platform = PlatformFactory::create();
+            $this->isWindows = $this->platform instanceof Windows;
+            $this->cppCompiler = CompilerFactory::detectCompilerName($this->platform);
+
+            if ($this->platform instanceof Windows) {
+                $libInfo = $this->platform->detectPhpLibs($this->getPhpDir());
+                $this->windowsPhpEmbedLib = $libInfo['embed'];
+                $this->windowsPhpCoreLib = $libInfo['core'];
+                $this->isPhpZts = $libInfo['is_zts'];
+
+                $this->platform = new Windows(
+                    phpLibs: [$this->windowsPhpCoreLib, $this->windowsPhpEmbedLib],
+                    isZts: $this->isPhpZts,
+                    phpSdkPath: $this->getPhpDir() . '\\SDK'
+                );
             }
 
-            // Windows 平台：检测 PHP lib 文件并决定 ZTS/NTS 模式
-            $this->detectWindowsPhpLibs();
-            
-            // 初始化新的 Platform 和 Backend 抽象层
-            $this->initializeNewArchitecture();
-        } else {
-            // Unix/Linux/macOS 下检测编译器
-            // 优先级：环境变量 PHPX_CC > CXX > 平台默认
-            $compilerEnv = getenv('PHPX_CC') ?: getenv('CXX');
-            
-            if ($compilerEnv) {
-                // 用户通过环境变量指定编译器
-                $this->cppCompiler = $compilerEnv;
-                $this->climate->info("Using compiler from environment: {$this->cppCompiler}");
-            } else {
-                // 根据平台选择默认编译器
-                if ($this->isMacos()) {
-                    // macOS 默认使用 Clang（系统自带）
-                    $this->cppCompiler = 'clang++';
-                    $this->climate->info('Using Clang compiler (clang++)');
-                } else {
-                    // Linux 默认使用 GCC
-                    $this->cppCompiler = 'g++';
-                    $this->climate->info('Using GCC compiler (g++)');
-                }
-            }
-            
-            // 初始化新的 Platform 和 Backend 抽象层
-            $this->initializeNewArchitecture();
+            $this->compilerBackend = CompilerFactory::createByName($this->cppCompiler, $this->platform);
+            $this->climate->info(
+                "Initialized platform/backend: {$this->platform->getName()} + {$this->compilerBackend->getName()} ({$this->compilerBackend->getCompilerCommand()})"
+            );
+        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+            $this->error($e->getMessage());
         }
     }
     
@@ -376,28 +359,14 @@ class CompilerBase extends \PhpAot\Core\Translator
     protected function initializeNewArchitecture(): void
     {
         try {
+            $platform = $this->platform ?? PlatformFactory::create();
+            $this->platform = $platform;
+
             // 自动检测平台和编译器
-            $result = \PhpAot\Php\Backend\CompilerFactory::autoDetect($this->cppCompiler);
+            $result = CompilerFactory::autoDetect($this->cppCompiler, $platform);
             $this->platform = $result['platform'];
             $this->compilerBackend = $result['compiler'];
             
-            // Windows 平台：需要传递 ZTS 状态给 Platform 对象
-            if ($this->platform instanceof \PhpAot\Php\Platform\Windows && $this->isWindows) {
-                // 重新创建 Windows Platform，传递正确的 ZTS 状态
-                $phpSdkPath = $this->getPhpDir() . '\\SDK';
-                $this->platform = new \PhpAot\Php\Platform\Windows(
-                    phpLibs: [],
-                    isZts: $this->isPhpZts,  // ✅ 传递检测到的 ZTS 状态
-                    phpSdkPath: $phpSdkPath
-                );
-                
-                // 重新创建 Backend，使用更新后的 Platform
-                $this->compilerBackend = \PhpAot\Php\Backend\CompilerFactory::createByName(
-                    $this->cppCompiler,
-                    $this->platform
-                );
-            }
-            
             $this->climate->info(
                 "Initialized new architecture: {$this->platform->getName()} + {$this->compilerBackend->getName()}"
             );
@@ -411,232 +380,86 @@ class CompilerBase extends \PhpAot\Core\Translator
         }
     }
 
-    /**
-     * Windows 平台：检测 PHP lib 文件并决定 ZTS/NTS 模式
-     * 根据找到的 lib 文件来决定是 ZTS 还是 NTS：
-     * - php8ts.lib 存在 => ZTS 模式
-     * - php8.lib 存在 => NTS 模式
-     */
-    protected function detectWindowsPhpLibs(): void
+    protected function getPhpxDir(): string
     {
-        $phpDirs = [
-            $this->getPhpDir() . '\SDK\lib',  // 优先从 SDK/lib 查找
-            $this->getPhpDir() . '\lib',        // 备选从 lib 查找
-        ];
-
-        $embedLibPath = '';
-        $tsLibPath = '';
-        $ntsLibPath = '';
-
-        foreach ($phpDirs as $phpDir) {
-            if (!is_dir($phpDir)) {
-                continue;
-            }
-
-            // 检查 php8embed.lib
-            if (empty($embedLibPath) && file_exists($phpDir . '\php8embed.lib')) {
-                $embedLibPath = $phpDir . '\php8embed.lib';
-            }
-
-            // 检查 php8ts.lib (ZTS)
-            if (empty($tsLibPath) && file_exists($phpDir . '\php8ts.lib')) {
-                $tsLibPath = $phpDir . '\php8ts.lib';
-            }
-
-            // 检查 php8.lib (NTS)
-            if (empty($ntsLibPath) && file_exists($phpDir . '\php8.lib')) {
-                $ntsLibPath = $phpDir . '\php8.lib';
-            }
-
-            // 如果已经找到所有需要的库，提前退出
-            if ($embedLibPath && ($tsLibPath || $ntsLibPath)) {
-                break;
-            }
-        }
-
-        // 验证必需的库文件是否存在
-        if (!$embedLibPath) {
-            $this->error('php8embed.lib not found. Please ensure it exists in SDK/lib or lib directory of your PHP installation');
-        }
-
-        if (!$tsLibPath && !$ntsLibPath) {
-            $this->error('Neither php8ts.lib nor php8.lib found. Please ensure at least one exists in SDK/lib or lib directory of your PHP installation');
+        // 优先使用环境变量 PHPX_HOME
+        $phpxDir = getenv('PHPX_HOME');
+        if ($phpxDir && is_dir($phpxDir)) {
+            return rtrim($phpxDir, '\/');
         }
 
-        // 保存库文件路径
-        $this->windowsPhpEmbedLib = $embedLibPath;
-        
-        // 根据找到的库文件决定 ZTS/NTS 模式
-        // 优先级：php8ts.lib > php8.lib
-        if ($tsLibPath) {
-            $this->isPhpZts = true;
-            $this->windowsPhpCoreLib = $tsLibPath;
-            $this->climate->info('Detected ZTS mode (php8ts.lib found)');
-        } else {
-            $this->isPhpZts = false;
-            $this->windowsPhpCoreLib = $ntsLibPath;
-            $this->climate->info('Detected NTS mode (php8.lib found)');
+        // 尝试使用 Composer 安装的 phpx
+        $composerPhpxDir = $this->rootPath . '/vendor/swoole/phpx';
+        if (is_dir($composerPhpxDir)) {
+            return $composerPhpxDir;
         }
-    }
 
-    /**
-     * 检测 Clang 是否可用
-     */
-    protected function isClangAvailable(): bool
-    {
-        if (!$this->isWindows) {
-            return false;
+        $composerPhpxVendorDir = $this->rootPath . '/vendor/swoole/phpx-vendor';
+        if (is_dir($composerPhpxVendorDir)) {
+            return $composerPhpxVendorDir;
         }
 
-        // 首先尝试 PATH 中的 clang++
-        $output = [];
-        $returnCode = 0;
-        exec('clang++ --version 2>&1', $output, $returnCode);
-
-        if ($returnCode === 0) {
-            // 检查是否有 lld-link
-            $this->checkLldLinker();
-            return true;
-        }
+        if (defined('ROOT_PATH')) {
+            $rootPhpxDir = ROOT_PATH . '/vendor/swoole/phpx';
+            if (is_dir($rootPhpxDir)) {
+                return $rootPhpxDir;
+            }
 
-        // 如果 PATH 中没有，尝试从 LLVM_HOME 环境变量获取
-        $llvmHome = getenv('LLVM_HOME');
-        if ($llvmHome && is_dir($llvmHome)) {
-            $clangPath = rtrim($llvmHome, '\/') . '\x64\bin\clang++.exe';
-            if (file_exists($clangPath)) {
-                // 验证是否可以执行
-                exec('"' . $clangPath . '" --version 2>&1', $output, $returnCode);
-                if ($returnCode === 0) {
-                    // 将 Clang 路径添加到环境变量
-                    $clangDir = dirname($clangPath);
-                    putenv("PATH={$clangDir};" . getenv('PATH'));
-
-                    // 检查是否有 lld-link
-                    $this->checkLldLinker();
-                    return true;
-                }
+            $rootPhpxVendorDir = ROOT_PATH . '/vendor/swoole/phpx-vendor';
+            if (is_dir($rootPhpxVendorDir)) {
+                return $rootPhpxVendorDir;
             }
         }
 
-        return false;
+        // 两个路径都不存在，报错
+        $this->error(
+            'phpx directory not found. Please either:\n' .
+            '1. Set PHPX_HOME environment variable to your phpx installation path\n' .
+            '2. Install phpx via Composer: composer require swoole/phpx'
+        );
     }
 
-    /**
-     * 检查 lld-link 是否可用（用于更快的链接）
-     */
-    protected function checkLldLinker(): void
+    protected function getPlatform(): PlatformBase
     {
-        // 优先使用 lld-link（更快），否则使用 link.exe
-        $output = [];
-        $returnCode = 0;
-        exec('lld-link --version 2>&1', $output, $returnCode);
-
-        if ($returnCode === 0) {
-            $this->linker = 'lld-link';
-            $this->climate->info('Using lld-link linker (faster than link.exe)');
-            return;
-        }
-
-        // 如果 PATH 中没有，尝试从 LLVM_HOME 获取
-        $llvmHome = getenv('LLVM_HOME');
-        if ($llvmHome && is_dir($llvmHome)) {
-            $lldLinkPath = rtrim($llvmHome, '\/') . '\x64\bin\lld-link.exe';
-            if (file_exists($lldLinkPath)) {
-                exec('"' . $lldLinkPath . '" --version 2>&1', $output, $returnCode);
-                if ($returnCode === 0) {
-                    // 将 lld-link 路径添加到环境变量
-                    $lldDir = dirname($lldLinkPath);
-                    putenv("PATH={$lldDir};" . getenv('PATH'));
-                    $this->linker = 'lld-link';
-                    $this->climate->info('Using lld-link linker from LLVM_HOME (faster than link.exe)');
-                    return;
-                }
-            }
+        if ($this->platform === null) {
+            $this->platform = PlatformFactory::create();
+            $this->isWindows = $this->platform instanceof Windows;
         }
 
-        // Fallback 到 MSVC link.exe
-        $this->linker = 'link';
-        $this->climate->info('Using MSVC link.exe linker');
+        return $this->platform;
     }
 
-    protected function getPhpxDir(): string
+    protected function getCompilerBackend(): CompilerBackend
     {
-        // 优先使用环境变量 PHPX_HOME
-        $phpxDir = getenv('PHPX_HOME');
-        if ($phpxDir && is_dir($phpxDir)) {
-            return rtrim($phpxDir, '\/');
-        }
-
-        // 尝试使用 Composer 安装的 phpx
-        $composerPhpxDir = $this->rootPath . '/vendor/swoole/phpx';
-        if (is_dir($composerPhpxDir)) {
-            return $composerPhpxDir;
+        if ($this->compilerBackend === null) {
+            $this->cppCompiler = CompilerFactory::detectCompilerName($this->getPlatform(), $this->cppCompiler);
+            $this->compilerBackend = CompilerFactory::createByName($this->cppCompiler, $this->getPlatform());
         }
 
-        // 两个路径都不存在，报错
-        $this->error(
-            'phpx directory not found. Please either:\n' .
-            '1. Set PHPX_HOME environment variable to your phpx installation path\n' .
-            '2. Install phpx via Composer: composer require swoole/phpx'
-        );
+        return $this->compilerBackend;
     }
 
     public function isWindows(): bool
     {
-        return $this->isWindows;
+        return $this->getPlatform() instanceof Windows;
+    }
+
+    public function isLinux(): bool
+    {
+        return $this->getPlatform() instanceof Linux;
     }
 
     public function isMacos(): bool
     {
-        return strtoupper(substr(PHP_OS, 0, 6)) === 'DARWIN';
+        return $this->getPlatform() instanceof Macos;
     }
 
     public function getPhpDir(): string
     {
-        if ($this->isWindows()) {
-            // Windows 下尝试从环境变量获取 PHP 路径
-            $phpDir = getenv('PHP_HOME');
-            if ($phpDir && is_dir($phpDir)) {
-                return rtrim($phpDir, '\/');
-            }
-
-            // 尝试从 php.exe 路径推断（使用 where 命令）
-            $phpExe = exec('where php 2>nul');
-            if ($phpExe) {
-                $phpDir = dirname($phpExe);
-                if (is_dir($phpDir)) {
-                    return rtrim($phpDir, '\/');
-                }
-            }
-
-            // 默认路径
-            return 'C:\php';
-        } else {
-            // Unix/Linux/macOS 下获取 PHP 路径
-            // 优先级：环境变量 PHP_HOME > php-config > which php
-            
-            // 1. 尝试环境变量 PHP_HOME
-            $phpDir = getenv('PHP_HOME');
-            if ($phpDir && is_dir($phpDir)) {
-                return rtrim($phpDir, '\/');
-            }
-            
-            // 2. 使用 php-config 获取 PHP 路径（优先从 PATH 中查找）
-            $phpDir = shell_exec('php-config --prefix 2>/dev/null');
-            if (!empty($phpDir)) {
-                return trim($phpDir);
-            }
-            
-            // 3. 如果 php-config 不可用，尝试从 which php 推断
-            $phpExe = trim(shell_exec('which php 2>/dev/null'));
-            if ($phpExe && file_exists($phpExe)) {
-                $phpDir = dirname(dirname($phpExe));
-                if (is_dir($phpDir)) {
-                    return $phpDir;
-                }
-            }
-            
-            $this->error('The `php-config` is not found. Please install PHP development package or set PHP_HOME environment variable');
+        try {
+            return $this->getPlatform()->getPhpDir();
+        } catch (\RuntimeException $e) {
+            $this->error($e->getMessage());
         }
     }
 
@@ -931,33 +754,7 @@ class CompilerBase extends \PhpAot\Core\Translator
 
     protected function removeCommonPrefix(string $short, string $long): string
     {
-        // Windows 下统一使用反斜杠
-        if ($this->isWindows()) {
-            $short = str_replace('/', '\\', $short);
-            $long = str_replace('/', '\\', $long);
-        }
-
-        $len       = min(strlen($short), strlen($long));
-        $prefixLen = 0;
-
-        for ($i = 0; $i < $len; $i++) {
-            if ($short[$i] === $long[$i]) {
-                $prefixLen++;
-            } else {
-                break;
-            }
-        }
-
-        $result = substr($long, $prefixLen);
-
-        // 移除开头的路径分隔符
-        if ($this->isWindows()) {
-            $result = ltrim($result, '\\');
-        } else {
-            $result = ltrim($result, '/');
-        }
-
-        return $result;
+        return $this->getPlatform()->removeCommonPrefix($short, $long);
     }
 
     protected function getVarType(string $name): string
@@ -1319,7 +1116,7 @@ class CompilerBase extends \PhpAot\Core\Translator
         $type = $expr->getType();
         switch ($type) {
             case 'Scalar_Int':
-                return $expr->value . ($this->isLinux() ? 'L' : 'LL');
+                return $expr->value . $this->getPlatform()->getIntegerLiteralSuffix();
             case 'Scalar_Float':
                 return $this->parseScalarFloat($expr);
             case 'Scalar_String':
@@ -2427,10 +2224,11 @@ class CompilerBase extends \PhpAot\Core\Translator
     }
 
     /**
-     * 解析包含路径
+     * 获取包含路径
      */
-    protected function parseIncludes(): string
+    protected function getIncludePaths(): array
     {
+        $platform = $this->getPlatform();
         $includePaths = [
             $this->getPhpxDir() . '/include',
             $this->getBuildDir() . '/include',
@@ -2438,39 +2236,49 @@ class CompilerBase extends \PhpAot\Core\Translator
         ];
 
         // 根据平台添加 PHP 包含路径
-        if ($this->platform instanceof \PhpAot\Php\Platform\Windows) {
-            /** @var \PhpAot\Php\Platform\Windows $platform */
-            $platform = $this->platform;
+        if ($platform instanceof Windows) {
             $phpSdkPaths = $platform->buildPhpSdkIncludePaths($this->getPhpDir());
             $includePaths = array_merge($includePaths, $phpSdkPaths);
         } else {
             // Linux/macOS
-            $phpPaths = $this->platform->buildPhpIncludePaths($this->getPhpDir());
+            $phpPaths = $platform->buildPhpIncludePaths($this->getPhpDir());
             $includePaths = array_merge($includePaths, $phpPaths);
         }
 
-        return $this->platform->getIncludeFlags($includePaths);
+        return $includePaths;
     }
 
-    protected function parseLdflags(): string
+    /**
+     * 解析包含路径
+     */
+    protected function parseIncludes(): string
+    {
+        return $this->getPlatform()->getIncludeFlags($this->getIncludePaths());
+    }
+
+    protected function getLibraryPaths(): array
     {
+        $platform = $this->getPlatform();
         $libraryPaths = [
             $this->getPhpxDir() . '/lib',
         ];
 
         // 根据平台添加 PHP 库路径
-        if ($this->platform instanceof \PhpAot\Php\Platform\Windows) {
-            /** @var \PhpAot\Php\Platform\Windows $platform */
-            $platform = $this->platform;
+        if ($platform instanceof Windows) {
             $phpLibPaths = $platform->buildPhpSdkLibPaths($this->getPhpDir());
             $libraryPaths = array_merge($libraryPaths, $phpLibPaths);
         } else {
             // Linux/macOS
-            $phpLibPaths = $this->platform->buildPhpLibPaths($this->getPhpDir());
+            $phpLibPaths = $platform->buildPhpLibPaths($this->getPhpDir());
             $libraryPaths = array_merge($libraryPaths, $phpLibPaths);
         }
 
-        $flags = $this->platform->getLibraryPathFlags($libraryPaths);
+        return $libraryPaths;
+    }
+
+    protected function parseLdflags(): string
+    {
+        $flags = $this->getPlatform()->getLibraryPathFlags($this->getLibraryPaths());
         
         // 添加用户自定义的 ldflags
         if (!empty($this->ldflags)) {
@@ -2481,14 +2289,15 @@ class CompilerBase extends \PhpAot\Core\Translator
     }
 
     /**
-     * 解析库文件
+     * 获取库文件
      */
-    protected function parseLibs(): string
+    protected function getLibraries(): array
     {
+        $platform = $this->getPlatform();
         $libraries = [];
 
         // phpx 库（根据平台使用不同的文件名格式）
-        if ($this->platform instanceof \PhpAot\Php\Platform\Windows) {
+        if ($platform instanceof Windows) {
             // Windows: phpx.lib (无 lib 前缀)
             $phpxLibPath = $this->getPhpxDir() . '\\lib\\phpx.lib';
             if (file_exists($phpxLibPath)) {
@@ -2498,7 +2307,7 @@ class CompilerBase extends \PhpAot\Core\Translator
             }
         } else {
             // Linux/macOS: libphpx.so 或 libphpx.a
-            $sharedLibExt = $this->platform->getSharedLibraryExtension();
+            $sharedLibExt = $platform->getSharedLibraryExtension();
             // getSharedLibraryExtension() 返回的值可能带点或不带点，需要统一处理
             $extWithoutDot = ltrim($sharedLibExt, '.');
             $phpxLibPath = $this->getPhpxDir() . '/lib/libphpx.' . $extWithoutDot;
@@ -2516,7 +2325,7 @@ class CompilerBase extends \PhpAot\Core\Translator
         }
 
         // extension 和 bin 模式都需要链接 PHP 库
-        if ($this->platform instanceof \PhpAot\Php\Platform\Windows) {
+        if ($platform instanceof Windows) {
             // Windows: 根据构建模式选择不同的库
             if ($this->buildMode === 'bin') {
                 // bin 模式：需要同时链接 php8ts.lib 和 php8embed.lib
@@ -2545,7 +2354,15 @@ class CompilerBase extends \PhpAot\Core\Translator
             $libraries[] = 'php';
         }
 
-        return $this->platform->getLibraryFlags($libraries);
+        return $libraries;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 解析库文件
+     */
+    protected function parseLibs(): string
+    {
+        return $this->getPlatform()->getLibraryFlags($this->getLibraries());
     }
 
 
@@ -2573,7 +2390,7 @@ class CompilerBase extends \PhpAot\Core\Translator
                 'cxxflags' => $this->cxxflags,
             ];
             
-            $cmd .= $this->compilerBackend->buildCompileOptions($config);
+            $cmd .= $this->getCompilerBackend()->buildCompileOptions($config);
         } else {
             // 链接时选项
             
@@ -2589,23 +2406,92 @@ class CompilerBase extends \PhpAot\Core\Translator
             ];
             
             // 添加 RPATH（通过 Platform 层获取，仅 macOS 需要）
-            if ($this->platform !== null) {
-                $rpaths = $this->platform->getDefaultRpaths(
-                    $this->getPhpxDir(),
-                    $this->getPhpDir()
-                );
-                if (!empty($rpaths)) {
-                    $config['rpath'] = $rpaths;
-                }
+            $rpaths = $this->getPlatform()->getDefaultRpaths(
+                $this->getPhpxDir(),
+                $this->getPhpDir()
+            );
+            if (!empty($rpaths)) {
+                $config['rpath'] = $rpaths;
             }
             
-            $cmd .= $this->compilerBackend->buildLinkOptions($config);
+            $cmd .= $this->getCompilerBackend()->buildLinkOptions($config);
             
             // 最后添加库文件（平台相关，必须在链接选项之后）
             $cmd .= ' ' . $this->parseLibs();
         }
     }
 
+    protected function getCompileCommandOptions(): array
+    {
+        return [
+            'include_paths' => $this->getIncludePaths(),
+            'optimize' => $this->optimizeLevel,
+            'debug' => $this->debug,
+            'sanitize' => $this->sanitize,
+            'cpp_std' => $this->cxxStd,
+            'is_zts' => $this->isPhpZts,
+            'build_mode' => $this->buildMode,
+            'enable_profiler' => $this->enableProfiler,
+            'suppressed_warnings' => Constants::MSVC_SUPPRESSED_WARNINGS ?? [],
+            'cxxflags' => $this->cxxflags,
+        ];
+    }
+
+    protected function getCCompileCommandOptions(): array
+    {
+        return [
+            'include_paths' => $this->getIncludePaths(),
+            'optimize' => 0,
+            'debug' => $this->debug,
+            'is_zts' => $this->isPhpZts,
+            'suppressed_warnings' => ['4244', '4146'],
+        ];
+    }
+
+    protected function getLinkCommandOptions(): array
+    {
+        $options = [
+            'library_paths' => $this->getLibraryPaths(),
+            'libraries' => $this->getLibraries(),
+            'ldflags' => $this->ldflags,
+            'debug' => $this->debug,
+            'no_console' => $this->noConsole,
+            'build_mode' => $this->buildMode,
+            'sanitize' => $this->sanitize,
+        ];
+
+        $rpaths = $this->getPlatform()->getDefaultRpaths(
+            $this->getPhpxDir(),
+            $this->getPhpDir()
+        );
+        if (!empty($rpaths)) {
+            $options['rpath'] = $rpaths;
+        }
+
+        return $options;
+    }
+
+    protected function getTargetFileName(): string
+    {
+        $targetFile = $this->targetName;
+        $extension = $this->getPlatform()->getTargetExtension($this->buildMode);
+
+        if ($extension !== '' && !str_ends_with($targetFile, $extension)) {
+            $targetFile .= $extension;
+        }
+
+        return $targetFile;
+    }
+
+    protected function buildLinkCommand(array $objectFiles, string $targetFile): string
+    {
+        return $this->getCompilerBackend()->buildLinkCommand(
+            $objectFiles,
+            $targetFile,
+            $this->getLinkCommandOptions()
+        );
+    }
+
 
     protected function parseBinaryOpConcat(Expr\BinaryOp\Concat $expr): string
     {
@@ -4183,7 +4069,7 @@ class CompilerBase extends \PhpAot\Core\Translator
         }
 
         // Windows 下可能没有 clang-format，跳过格式化
-        if ($this->isWindows()) {
+        if ($this->getPlatform() instanceof Windows) {
             return;
         }
 
@@ -4883,12 +4769,14 @@ class CompilerBase extends \PhpAot\Core\Translator
                         if ($scope) {
                             break;
                         }
-                        $this->fatalError($expr, "Cannot access protected property `{$property}` of class `{$class}`");
+                        $displayClass = ltrim($class, '\\');
+                        $this->fatalError($expr, "Cannot access protected property `{$property}` of class `{$displayClass}`");
                     } else {
                         if ($scope === $findClass) {
                             break;
                         }
-                        $this->fatalError($expr, "Cannot access private property `{$property}` of class `{$class}`");
+                        $displayClass = ltrim($class, '\\');
+                        $this->fatalError($expr, "Cannot access private property `{$property}` of class `{$displayClass}`");
                     }
                 } elseif ($classDef->extends) {
                     $findClass = $classDef->extends;

src/Php/Platform/Linux.php

@@ -86,6 +86,39 @@ class Linux extends PlatformBase
         return '/';
     }
 
+    public function getDefaultCompiler(): string
+    {
+        return 'g++';
+    }
+
+    public function getPhpDir(): string
+    {
+        $phpDir = getenv('PHP_HOME');
+        if ($phpDir && is_dir($phpDir)) {
+            return rtrim($phpDir, '\/');
+        }
+
+        $phpDir = shell_exec('php-config --prefix 2>/dev/null');
+        if (!empty($phpDir)) {
+            return trim($phpDir);
+        }
+
+        $phpExe = trim(shell_exec('which php 2>/dev/null'));
+        if ($phpExe && file_exists($phpExe)) {
+            $phpDir = dirname(dirname($phpExe));
+            if (is_dir($phpDir)) {
+                return $phpDir;
+            }
+        }
+
+        throw new \RuntimeException('The `php-config` is not found. Please install PHP development package or set PHP_HOME environment variable');
+    }
+
+    public function getIntegerLiteralSuffix(): string
+    {
+        return 'L';
+    }
+
     /**
      * 获取 RPATH 选项
      */

src/Php/Platform/Macos.php

@@ -86,6 +86,34 @@ class Macos extends PlatformBase
         return '/';
     }
 
+    public function getDefaultCompiler(): string
+    {
+        return 'clang++';
+    }
+
+    public function getPhpDir(): string
+    {
+        $phpDir = getenv('PHP_HOME');
+        if ($phpDir && is_dir($phpDir)) {
+            return rtrim($phpDir, '\/');
+        }
+
+        $phpDir = shell_exec('php-config --prefix 2>/dev/null');
+        if (!empty($phpDir)) {
+            return trim($phpDir);
+        }
+
+        $phpExe = trim(shell_exec('which php 2>/dev/null'));
+        if ($phpExe && file_exists($phpExe)) {
+            $phpDir = dirname(dirname($phpExe));
+            if (is_dir($phpDir)) {
+                return $phpDir;
+            }
+        }
+
+        throw new \RuntimeException('The `php-config` is not found. Please install PHP development package or set PHP_HOME environment variable');
+    }
+
     /**
      * 获取 RPATH 选项（macOS 需要绝对路径）
      */

src/Php/Platform/PlatformBase.php

@@ -53,6 +53,83 @@ abstract class PlatformBase
      */
     abstract public function getPathSeparator(): string;
 
+    /**
+     * 获取该平台默认使用的 C++ 编译器命令
+     */
+    abstract public function getDefaultCompiler(): string;
+
+    /**
+     * 获取 PHP 安装目录
+     */
+    abstract public function getPhpDir(): string;
+
+    /**
+     * 构建 PHP 包含路径
+     */
+    abstract public function buildPhpIncludePaths(string $phpDir): array;
+
+    /**
+     * 构建 PHP 库路径
+     */
+    abstract public function buildPhpLibPaths(string $phpDir): array;
+
+    /**
+     * 检测 PHP 库文件
+     */
+    abstract public function detectPhpLibs(string $phpDir): array;
+
+    /**
+     * 获取指定构建模式的目标文件扩展名
+     */
+    public function getTargetExtension(string $buildMode): string
+    {
+        return $buildMode === 'ext'
+            ? '.so'
+            : $this->getExecutableExtension();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取构建前的运行库检查告警
+     */
+    public function getBuildLibraryWarnings(string $phpDir, string $phpxDir, string $buildMode): array
+    {
+        if ($buildMode !== 'bin') {
+            return [];
+        }
+
+        $ext = ltrim($this->getSharedLibraryExtension(), '.');
+        $warnings = [];
+
+        if (!is_file($phpDir . '/lib/libphp.' . $ext)) {
+            $warnings[] = [
+                'warning' => "The `libphp.{$ext}` is not found",
+                'info' => 'Note: If you are building an extension (-m ext), this is OK. For binary mode, please run `make` to build it',
+            ];
+        }
+
+        if (!is_file($phpxDir . '/lib/libphpx.' . $ext)) {
+            $warnings[] = [
+                'warning' => "The `libphpx.{$ext}` is not found",
+                'info' => 'Note: If you are building an extension (-m ext), this is OK. For binary mode, please run `make` to build it',
+            ];
+        }
+
+        return $warnings;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 当前平台是否适合使用 pcntl_fork 并行编译
+     */
+    public function supportsPcntlParallelCompile(): bool
+    {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    public function getIntegerLiteralSuffix(): string
+    {
+        return 'LL';
+    }
+
     /**
      * 规范化路径
      */
@@ -69,6 +146,28 @@ abstract class PlatformBase
         return implode($this->getPathSeparator(), $parts);
     }
 
+    public function removeCommonPrefix(string $short, string $long): string
+    {
+        $separator = $this->getPathSeparator();
+        if ($separator === '\\') {
+            $short = str_replace('/', '\\', $short);
+            $long = str_replace('/', '\\', $long);
+        }
+
+        $len = min(strlen($short), strlen($long));
+        $prefixLen = 0;
+
+        for ($i = 0; $i < $len; $i++) {
+            if ($short[$i] === $long[$i]) {
+                $prefixLen++;
+            } else {
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return ltrim(substr($long, $prefixLen), $separator);
+    }
+
     /**
      * 获取默认的 RPATH 路径列表（仅 macOS 需要）
      * 

src/Php/Platform/Windows.php

@@ -103,6 +103,34 @@ class Windows extends PlatformBase
         return '\\';
     }
 
+    public function getTargetExtension(string $buildMode): string
+    {
+        return $buildMode === 'ext' ? '.dll' : '.exe';
+    }
+
+    public function getDefaultCompiler(): string
+    {
+        return 'cl';
+    }
+
+    public function getPhpDir(): string
+    {
+        $phpDir = getenv('PHP_HOME');
+        if ($phpDir && is_dir($phpDir)) {
+            return rtrim($phpDir, '\/');
+        }
+
+        $phpExe = exec('where php 2>nul');
+        if ($phpExe) {
+            $phpDir = dirname($phpExe);
+            if (is_dir($phpDir)) {
+                return rtrim($phpDir, '\/');
+            }
+        }
+
+        return 'C:\php';
+    }
+
     /**
      * 获取 PHP 库文件列表
      */
@@ -147,6 +175,47 @@ class Windows extends PlatformBase
         return '/NODEFAULTLIB:LIBCMT';
     }
 
+    public function getBuildLibraryWarnings(string $phpDir, string $phpxDir, string $buildMode): array
+    {
+        if ($buildMode !== 'bin') {
+            return [];
+        }
+
+        $warnings = [];
+        $phpDirs = [
+            $phpDir . '\SDK\lib',
+            $phpDir . '\lib',
+        ];
+
+        $foundLib = false;
+        foreach ($phpDirs as $dir) {
+            if (is_dir($dir) && (is_file($dir . '\php8.lib') || is_file($dir . '\php8ts.lib'))) {
+                $foundLib = true;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (!$foundLib && !is_file($phpDir . '\php8.dll') && !is_file($phpDir . '\php8ts.dll')) {
+            $warnings[] = [
+                'warning' => 'The `php8.lib` or `php8.dll` is not found in PHP directory, please check your PHP installation',
+            ];
+        }
+
+        if (!is_file($phpxDir . '\lib\phpx.lib') && !is_file($phpxDir . '\lib\phpx.dll')) {
+            $warnings[] = [
+                'warning' => 'The `phpx.lib` or `phpx.dll` is not found in PHX directory',
+                'info' => 'Note: If you are building an extension (-m ext), this is OK. For binary mode, please run `make` to build it',
+            ];
+        }
+
+        return $warnings;
+    }
+
+    public function supportsPcntlParallelCompile(): bool
+    {
+        return false;
+    }
+
     /**
      * 获取调试选项
      */
@@ -159,6 +228,16 @@ class Windows extends PlatformBase
         return '/DEBUG';
     }
 
+    public function buildPhpIncludePaths(string $phpDir): array
+    {
+        return $this->buildPhpSdkIncludePaths($phpDir);
+    }
+
+    public function buildPhpLibPaths(string $phpDir): array
+    {
+        return $this->buildPhpSdkLibPaths($phpDir);
+    }
+
     /**
      * 构建 PHP SDK 包含路径
      */

src/Php/Preprocessor.php

@@ -72,8 +72,7 @@ class Preprocessor extends CompilerBase
     {
         $info = pathinfo($file);
 
-        // Windows 下使用反斜杠，其他平台使用正斜杠
-        $separator = $this->isWindows() ? '\\' : '/';
+        $separator = $this->getPlatform()->getPathSeparator();
         $relativePath = $this->removeCommonPrefix($this->buildDir, $info['dirname']);
 
         return $this->buildDir . $separator . $relativePath . $separator . $info['filename'] . '.cc';
@@ -82,10 +81,10 @@ class Preprocessor extends CompilerBase
     public function getObjectFile(string $cppFile): string
     {
         $info = pathinfo($cppFile);
-        $ext = $this->isWindows() ? '.obj' : '.o';
+        $ext = $this->getPlatform()->getObjectExtension();
 
         // 保持与 cppFile 相同的路径分隔符
-        return $info['dirname'] . ($this->isWindows() ? '\\' : '/') . $info['filename'] . $ext;
+        return $info['dirname'] . $this->getPlatform()->getPathSeparator() . $info['filename'] . $ext;
     }
 
     public function hasCppFileCache(string $file): bool

src/Php/Translator.php

@@ -283,52 +283,10 @@ class Translator extends Preprocessor
     {
         // 根据平台检查库文件（仅在构建二进制文件时需要）
         if ($this->buildMode === 'bin') {
-            if ($this->isWindows()) {
-                // Windows 平台检查 dll 和 lib 文件
-                // 按照新的路径规则检查：SDK/lib, lib, 根目录
-                $phpDirs = [
-                    $this->getPhpDir() . '\SDK\lib',
-                    $this->getPhpDir() . '\lib',
-                ];
-
-                $foundLib = false;
-                foreach ($phpDirs as $phpDir) {
-                    if (is_dir($phpDir)) {
-                        if (is_file($phpDir . '\php8.lib') || is_file($phpDir . '\php8ts.lib')) {
-                            $foundLib = true;
-                            break;
-                        }
-                    }
-                }
-
-                // 如果没找到 lib，检查根目录的 DLL
-                if (!$foundLib) {
-                    $phpDll = $this->getPhpDir() . '\php8.dll';
-                    $phpTsDll = $this->getPhpDir() . '\php8ts.dll';
-                    if (!is_file($phpDll) && !is_file($phpTsDll)) {
-                        $this->climate->warning('The `php8.lib` or `php8.dll` is not found in PHP directory, please check your PHP installation');
-                    }
-                }
-
-                $phpxLib = $this->getPhpxDir() . '\lib\phpx.lib';
-                $phpxDll = $this->getPhpxDir() . '\lib\phpx.dll';
-                if (!is_file($phpxLib) && !is_file($phpxDll)) {
-                    $this->climate->warning('The `phpx.lib` or `phpx.dll` is not found in PHX directory');
-                    $this->climate->info('Note: If you are building an extension (-m ext), this is OK. For binary mode, please run `make` to build it');
-                }
-            } else {
-                // Unix/Linux/macOS 平台检查 .so 或 .dylib 文件
-                $ext = $this->isMacos() ? 'dylib' : 'so';
-                $phpLib = $this->getPhpDir() . '/lib/libphp.' . $ext;
-                $phpxLib = $this->getPhpxDir() . '/lib/libphpx.' . $ext;
-
-                if (!is_file($phpLib)) {
-                    $this->climate->warning("The `libphp.{$ext}` is not found");
-                    $this->climate->info('Note: If you are building an extension (-m ext), this is OK. For binary mode, please run `make` to build it');
-                }
-                if (!is_file($phpxLib)) {
-                    $this->climate->warning("The `libphpx.{$ext}` is not found");
-                    $this->climate->info('Note: If you are building an extension (-m ext), this is OK. For binary mode, please run `make` to build it');
+            foreach ($this->getPlatform()->getBuildLibraryWarnings($this->getPhpDir(), $this->getPhpxDir(), $this->buildMode) as $message) {
+                $this->climate->warning($message['warning']);
+                if (!empty($message['info'])) {
+                    $this->climate->info($message['info']);
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -743,38 +701,19 @@ CODE;
         // 使用 Backend 层构建编译命令
         if ($isCppFile) {
             // C++ 文件：使用标准的编译命令构建
-            $cmd = $this->compilerBackend->buildCompileCommand(
+            $cmd = $this->getCompilerBackend()->buildCompileCommand(
                 $cppFile,
                 $objectFile,
-                [
-                    'optimize' => $this->optimizeLevel,
-                    'debug' => $this->debug,
-                    'sanitize' => $this->sanitize,
-                    'cpp_std' => $this->cxxStd,
-                    'is_zts' => $this->isPhpZts,
-                    'build_mode' => $this->buildMode,
-                    'enable_profiler' => $this->enableProfiler,
-                    'suppressed_warnings' => Constants::MSVC_SUPPRESSED_WARNINGS ?? [],
-                    'cxxflags' => $this->cxxflags,
-                ]
+                $this->getCompileCommandOptions()
             );
-            
-            // 添加包含路径（通过 Platform 层）
-            $cmd .= ' ' . $this->parseIncludes();
         } else {
             // C 文件：不能使用 C++ 特定选项（/EHsc, /std:c++17 等）
             // 使用 Backend 的 buildCCompileCommand() 方法
-            $cmd = $this->compilerBackend->buildCCompileCommand(
+            $cmd = $this->getCompilerBackend()->buildCCompileCommand(
                 $cppFile,
                 $objectFile,
-                [
-                    'optimize' => 0,
-                    'suppressed_warnings' => ['4244', '4146'],
-                ]
+                $this->getCCompileCommandOptions()
             );
-            
-            // 手动添加包含路径
-            $cmd .= ' ' . $this->parseIncludes();
         }
 
         if (!$parallel) {
@@ -814,8 +753,7 @@ CODE;
             $sourceFiles[] = $this->getPhpxDir() . '/src/misc/ps_title.c';
         }
 
-        // Windows 不支持 pcntl_fork，使用串行编译或 proc_open
-        if ($this->isWindows() or $job <= 1) {
+        if (!$this->getPlatform()->supportsPcntlParallelCompile() or $job <= 1) {
             return $this->compileSourceFile($sourceFiles);
         }
 
@@ -956,40 +894,8 @@ CODE;
 
     public function build(array $objectFiles): void
     {
-        $targetFile = $this->targetName;
-
-        // 根据平台设置目标文件扩展名
-        if ($this->isWindows()) {
-            if ($this->buildMode == 'ext') {
-                if (!str_ends_with($targetFile, '.dll')) {
-                    $targetFile .= '.dll';
-                }
-            } else {
-                if (!str_ends_with($targetFile, '.exe')) {
-                    $targetFile .= '.exe';
-                }
-            }
-        } else {
-            if ($this->buildMode == 'ext' and !str_ends_with($targetFile, '.so')) {
-                $targetFile .= '.so';
-            }
-        }
-
-        // 根据平台构建链接命令
-        if ($this->isWindows()) {
-            // Windows 使用 link.exe 或 lld-link 进行链接
-            $objectList = implode(' ', $objectFiles);
-
-            // 使用检测到的链接器（lld-link 或 link）
-            $linkerCmd = $this->linker;
-            $linkCmd = "{$linkerCmd} /nologo {$objectList} /OUT:{$targetFile}";
-        } else {
-            // Unix/Linux/macOS GCC 链接命令
-            $objectList = implode(' ', $objectFiles);
-            $linkCmd = $this->cppCompiler . ' ' . $objectList . ' -o ' . $targetFile;
-        }
-
-        $this->addCompilationOption($linkCmd, true);
+        $targetFile = $this->getTargetFileName();
+        $linkCmd = $this->buildLinkCommand($objectFiles, $targetFile);
         $this->climate->comment($linkCmd);
 
         // 执行链接并捕获输出