feat(build): add library build mode with proper target naming

- Add support for 'lib' build mode that creates shared libraries with correct extensions
- Implement automatic 'lib' prefix for library targets on Unix systems unless explicit output is set
- Add build mode aliases normalization ('library', 'extension', 'cli' map to standard modes)
- Update target filename generation to handle explicit output paths with custom extensions
- Add platform-specific target extensions: .so for Linux, .dylib for macOS, .dll for Windows
- Include smoke test for validating library compilation and linking
- Update documentation with library build instructions and usage examples
- Add linker flag -Wl,-z,defs for Linux library builds to ensure self-contained libraries
- Modify command line help to document new build modes and clarify existing options
- Add C API header generation for exported

.gitignore

@@ -13,6 +13,8 @@
 /__pycache__
 *.o
 *.dll
+*.so
+*.dylib
 *.exe
 *.obj
 *.pdb

examples/lib-demo/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+# lib-demo
+
+This example compiles TypePHP code into a shared library and exposes a stable C ABI.
+
+Build it from the repository root:
+
+```sh
+php bin/compiler.php examples/lib-demo/project.yml --no-progress
+```
+
+The resulting library uses the configured project name: currently `libdemo.so` on Linux, `libdemo.dylib` on macOS, and `demo.dll` on Windows. Set `output: demo.so` in `project.yml` to use an exact output filename. Its public API is declared in `include/typephp_lib_demo.h`.
+
+On Linux, validate the library can be linked and called:
+
+```sh
+g++ -std=c++17 examples/lib-demo/smoke-test.cc -Iexamples/lib-demo \
+  ./libdemo.so -Wl,-rpath,'$ORIGIN' -o lib-demo-smoke
+./lib-demo-smoke
+```
+
+`typephp_lib_demo_add()` initializes the embedded PHP runtime on its first call. The runtime remains process-global for the lifetime of the library; do not call it concurrently with the first invocation.

examples/lib-demo/cpp-src/exports.cc

@@ -1,14 +1,11 @@
-#include <php_typephp_lib_demo_func_decl.h>
-
-#ifdef _WIN32
-#define TYPEPHP_API extern "C" __declspec(dllexport)
-#else
-#define TYPEPHP_API extern "C" __attribute__((visibility("default")))
-#endif
+#define TYPEPHP_LIB_DEMO_BUILD
+#include "../include/typephp_lib_demo.h"
+#include <phpx.h>
 
 extern "C" int php_aot_runtime_init(int argc, char **argv);
+extern php::Int php_demo_add(php::Int a, php::Int b);
 
-TYPEPHP_API int typephp_lib_demo_add(int a, int b)
+extern "C" TYPEPHP_LIB_DEMO_API int typephp_lib_demo_add(int a, int b)
 {
     char app_name[] = "typephp_lib_demo";
     char *argv[] = {app_name, nullptr};

examples/lib-demo/include/typephp_lib_demo.h

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+#ifndef TYPEPHP_LIB_DEMO_H
+#define TYPEPHP_LIB_DEMO_H
+
+#if defined(_WIN32) && defined(TYPEPHP_LIB_DEMO_BUILD)
+#define TYPEPHP_LIB_DEMO_API __declspec(dllexport)
+#elif defined(_WIN32)
+#define TYPEPHP_LIB_DEMO_API __declspec(dllimport)
+#else
+#define TYPEPHP_LIB_DEMO_API
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+TYPEPHP_LIB_DEMO_API int typephp_lib_demo_add(int a, int b);
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif

examples/lib-demo/project.yml

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-name: typephp_lib_demo
+name: demo
 mode: lib
 version: 0.1.0
 cxx-std: c++17

examples/lib-demo/smoke-test.cc

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+#include "include/typephp_lib_demo.h"
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+int main()
+{
+    const int first = typephp_lib_demo_add(20, 22);
+    const int second = typephp_lib_demo_add(-10, 7);
+    if (first != 42 || second != -3) {
+        std::cerr << "unexpected results: " << first << ", " << second << '\n';
+        return 1;
+    }
+    return 0;
+}

phpunit/src/CompilerBaseApiTest.php

@@ -103,6 +103,18 @@ class CompilerBaseApiTest extends TestCase
         chmod($binDir . '/clang-format', 0755);
     }
 
+    public function testBuildModeAliasesAreNormalized(): void
+    {
+        $this->compiler->setBuildMode('library');
+        $this->assertSame(CompilerBase::BUILD_MODE_LIB, $this->compiler->getBuildMode());
+
+        $this->compiler->setBuildMode('extension');
+        $this->assertSame(CompilerBase::BUILD_MODE_EXT, $this->compiler->getBuildMode());
+
+        $this->compiler->setBuildMode('cli');
+        $this->assertSame(CompilerBase::BUILD_MODE_BIN, $this->compiler->getBuildMode());
+    }
+
     // ========================================================================
     // getTypeFromZendType
     // ========================================================================
@@ -367,6 +379,24 @@ YAML, 'myproject.yml', 'examples/tetris-sdl');
         $this->assertSame('tetris', $this->invokeMethod('getTargetFileName'));
     }
 
+    public function testLibModeUsesUnixLibraryPrefixUnlessOutputIsExplicit(): void
+    {
+        $this->compiler->setBuildMode(CompilerBase::BUILD_MODE_LIB);
+        $this->compiler->setTargetName('demo');
+        $this->assertSame('libdemo.so', $this->invokeMethod('getTargetFileName'));
+
+        $this->compiler->setOutputPath('demo.so');
+        $this->assertSame('demo.so', $this->invokeMethod('getTargetFileName'));
+    }
+
+    public function testExtensionModeDoesNotUseUnixLibraryPrefix(): void
+    {
+        $this->compiler->setBuildMode(CompilerBase::BUILD_MODE_EXT);
+        $this->compiler->setTargetName('demo');
+
+        $this->assertSame('demo.so', $this->invokeMethod('getTargetFileName'));
+    }
+
     public function testParseProjectYamlResolvesRelativePathOptionsAgainstYamlDirectory(): void
     {
         $projectFile = $this->createProjectFile(<<<'YAML'

phpunit/src/Platform/PlatformTest.php

@@ -95,10 +95,13 @@ class PlatformTest extends TestCase
 
         $this->assertSame('.exe', $windows->getTargetExtension('bin'));
         $this->assertSame('.dll', $windows->getTargetExtension('ext'));
+        $this->assertSame('.dll', $windows->getTargetExtension('lib'));
         $this->assertSame('', $linux->getTargetExtension('bin'));
         $this->assertSame('.so', $linux->getTargetExtension('ext'));
+        $this->assertSame('.so', $linux->getTargetExtension('lib'));
         $this->assertSame('', $macos->getTargetExtension('bin'));
         $this->assertSame('.so', $macos->getTargetExtension('ext'));
+        $this->assertSame('.dylib', $macos->getTargetExtension('lib'));
     }
 
     public function testPlatformPathPrefixRemoval(): void

src/Backend/GccLikeBackend.php

@@ -124,6 +124,12 @@ abstract class GccLikeBackend extends CompilerBackend
         if ((!empty($config['build_mode']) && ($config['build_mode'] === 'ext' || $config['build_mode'] === 'lib')) || !empty($config['shared'])) {
             $flags .= ' ' . $this->platform->getSharedLinkFlag();
 
+            // Shared libraries must be self-contained. Executables can defer symbols
+            // to their host, but a lib-mode artifact must be loadable via dlopen().
+            if (($config['build_mode'] ?? null) === 'lib' && !($this->platform instanceof \TypePhp\Platform\Macos)) {
+                $flags .= ' -Wl,-z,defs';
+            }
+
             if ($this->platform instanceof \TypePhp\Platform\Macos && !empty($config['install_name'])) {
                 $flags .= ' ' . $this->platform->getCurrentInstallNameOption($config['install_name']);
             }

src/Platform/UnixPlatform.php

@@ -8,6 +8,15 @@ namespace TypePhp\Platform;
  */
 abstract class UnixPlatform extends PlatformBase
 {
+    public function getTargetExtension(string $buildMode): string
+    {
+        if ($buildMode === 'lib') {
+            return $this->getSharedLibraryExtension();
+        }
+
+        return parent::getTargetExtension($buildMode);
+    }
+
     public function getIncludeFlags(array $includePaths): string
     {
         if (empty($includePaths)) {

src/Translator.php

@@ -41,6 +41,8 @@ class Translator extends Preprocessor
     public const string VERSION = '0.3.0';
     public const string APP_NAME = 'TypePHP Compiler (AOT)';
     protected string $targetName = 'app';
+    protected bool $hasExplicitOutput = false;
+    protected ?string $explicitOutputExtension = null;
     protected array $sourceDirs = [];
     protected bool $verbose = false;
     protected array $phpSrcFiles = [];
@@ -248,7 +250,7 @@ class Translator extends Preprocessor
         $climate->tab()->out('-v, --version        Show version');
         $climate->tab()->out('-h, --help           Show this help message');
         $climate->tab()->out('-f, --force          Force recompile phpx misc files (ignore cache)');
-        $climate->tab()->out('-m, --mode <mode>    Compilation mode, -m bin(binary) or -m ext(extension), default: bin');
+        $climate->tab()->out('-m, --mode <mode>    Compilation mode: bin (binary), lib (shared library), or ext (PHP extension); default: bin');
         $climate->tab()->out('-r, --run           Run the compiled binary after build');
         $climate->tab()->out('-j, --job <num>      Number of parallel compilation jobs (default: 4)');
         $climate->tab()->out('--cxx-std <ver>      C++ standard version (c++17, c++20, etc., default: c++17)');
@@ -282,7 +284,7 @@ class Translator extends Preprocessor
 
         // 构建模式
         if ($this->climate->arguments->defined('mode')) {
-            $this->buildMode = $this->climate->arguments->get('mode');
+            $this->setBuildMode($this->climate->arguments->get('mode'));
         }
 
         // 调试行号
@@ -346,7 +348,7 @@ class Translator extends Preprocessor
 
         // 输出文件名/路径
         if ($this->climate->arguments->defined('output')) {
-            $this->setTargetName($this->climate->arguments->get('output'));
+            $this->setOutputPath($this->climate->arguments->get('output'));
         }
 
         // 构建目录
@@ -570,6 +572,18 @@ class Translator extends Preprocessor
 
     public function setBuildMode(string $mode): void
     {
+        $mode = strtolower(trim($mode));
+        $mode = match ($mode) {
+            'binary', 'cli' => self::BUILD_MODE_BIN,
+            'extension' => self::BUILD_MODE_EXT,
+            'library', 'shared', 'dll', 'dylib', 'so' => self::BUILD_MODE_LIB,
+            default => $mode,
+        };
+
+        if (!in_array($mode, [self::BUILD_MODE_BIN, self::BUILD_MODE_EXT, self::BUILD_MODE_LIB], true)) {
+            $this->error("Invalid build mode `{$mode}`. Expected bin, lib, or ext.");
+        }
+
         $this->buildMode = $mode;
     }
 
@@ -593,6 +607,47 @@ class Translator extends Preprocessor
         $this->targetName = $name;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Set an explicit output path without using its extension in generated symbols.
+     */
+    public function setOutputPath(string $path): void
+    {
+        if (str_contains($path, '/') || str_contains($path, '\\')) {
+            $this->outputDir = dirname($path);
+            $path = basename($path);
+        }
+
+        $extension = pathinfo($path, PATHINFO_EXTENSION);
+        if ($extension !== '') {
+            $this->explicitOutputExtension = '.' . $extension;
+            $path = substr($path, 0, -strlen($this->explicitOutputExtension));
+        } else {
+            $this->explicitOutputExtension = null;
+        }
+
+        $this->hasExplicitOutput = true;
+        $this->setTargetName($path);
+    }
+
+    protected function getTargetFileName(): string
+    {
+        $targetFile = $this->targetName;
+        if ($this->isBuildModeLib() && !$this->isWindows() && !$this->hasExplicitOutput) {
+            $targetFile = 'lib' . $targetFile;
+        }
+
+        $extension = $this->explicitOutputExtension ?? $this->getPlatform()->getTargetExtension($this->buildMode);
+        if ($extension !== '' && !str_ends_with($targetFile, $extension)) {
+            $targetFile .= $extension;
+        }
+
+        if ($this->outputDir !== '') {
+            $targetFile = rtrim($this->outputDir, '/\\') . '/' . $targetFile;
+        }
+
+        return $targetFile;
+    }
+
     public function addFiles(array $files): void
     {
         $this->sourceDirs = array_merge($this->sourceDirs, $files);
@@ -834,6 +889,11 @@ class Translator extends Preprocessor
         $code = '#include <cstring>' . PHP_EOL;
         $code .= $this->genIncludeHeaderFiles();
 
+        if ($this->isBuildModeLib() && !$this->isWindows()) {
+            // PHPX's embedded runtime references this CLI-only symbol even when main() is disabled.
+            $code .= 'extern "C" void save_ps_args(int, char **) {}' . PHP_EOL;
+        }
+
         if ($this->isBuildModeBin()) {
             $cliHeaders = [
                 '#include "php_cli_process_title.h"',
@@ -1731,7 +1791,7 @@ CODE;
     public function run(string $targetFile): never
     {
         if ($this->buildMode !== self::BUILD_MODE_BIN) {
-            $this->climate->error('--run is only supported in binary mode (-m bin), not extension mode (-m ext)');
+            $this->climate->error('--run is only supported in binary mode (-m bin), not library or extension mode');
             exit(1);
         }
 
@@ -2230,7 +2290,7 @@ CODE;
         // 读取 output/name。name 只表示目标名，不能按 YAML 目录解析成输出路径。
         $output = $cfg['output'] ?? null;
         if (!empty($output)) {
-            $this->setTargetName($this->resolvePath((string) $output, $projectDir, 'Output path'));
+            $this->setOutputPath($this->resolvePath((string) $output, $projectDir, 'Output path'));
         } elseif (!empty($cfg['name'])) {
             $this->setTargetName((string) $cfg['name']);
         }
@@ -2244,22 +2304,7 @@ CODE;
         // 读取 mode/type/build-mode（支持 CLI/YAML 两套命名）
         $buildMode = $cfg['mode'] ?? $cfg['build-mode'] ?? $cfg['type'] ?? null;
         if (!empty($buildMode)) {
-            // 映射常见的类型名称到内部 buildMode
-            $modeMap = [
-                'extension' => self::BUILD_MODE_EXT,
-                'ext' => self::BUILD_MODE_EXT,
-                'library' => self::BUILD_MODE_LIB,
-                'lib' => self::BUILD_MODE_LIB,
-                'shared' => self::BUILD_MODE_LIB,
-                'dll' => self::BUILD_MODE_LIB,
-                'dylib' => self::BUILD_MODE_LIB,
-                'so' => self::BUILD_MODE_LIB,
-                'binary' => self::BUILD_MODE_BIN,
-                'bin' => self::BUILD_MODE_BIN,
-                'cli' => self::BUILD_MODE_BIN,
-            ];
-            $mappedMode = $modeMap[strtolower($buildMode)] ?? $buildMode;
-            $this->setBuildMode($mappedMode);
+            $this->setBuildMode((string) $buildMode);
         }
 
         // 读取 ignore（支持中横线和下划线）