feat(backend): 添加编译器和平台抽象层实现

- 实现 CompilerBackend 抽象基类定义编译器接口 - 添加 Clang、GCC、MSVC 编译器后端具体实现 - 创建 PlatformBase 抽象基类定义平台接口 - 添加 Windows、Linux、macOS 平台具体实现 - 实现 CompilerFactory 工厂类自动创建编译器 - 实现 PlatformFactory 工厂类自动检测平台 - 提供跨平台路径处理和命令行参数生成 - 添加完整的使用示例和架构说明文档
4 months ago · 95827cfb73
parent 0793a647ee
commit 95827cfb73
12 changed files with 1471 additions and 0 deletions
--- a/src/Php/Backend/Clang.php
+++ b/src/Php/Backend/Clang.php
@ -0,0 +1,200 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace PhpAot\Php\Backend;
+
+use PhpAot\Php\Platform\PlatformBase;
+
+/**
+ * Clang 编译器后端实现
+ */
+class Clang extends CompilerBackend
+{
+    public function getName(): string
+    {
+        return 'Clang';
+    }
+
+    public function getCompilerCommand(): string
+    {
+        return 'clang++';
+    }
+
+    public function getLinkerCommand(): string
+    {
+        // Windows 下使用 MSVC 链接器，其他平台使用 clang++
+        if ($this->platform instanceof \PhpAot\Php\Platform\Windows) {
+            return 'link';
+        }
+        return 'clang++';
+    }
+
+    public function compileFile(
+        string $sourceFile,
+        string $outputFile,
+        array $includePaths = [],
+        array $defines = [],
+        array $flags = []
+    ): string {
+        $cmd = $this->getCompilerCommand();
+        
+        // Windows 下需要 MSVC 兼容模式
+        if ($this->platform instanceof \PhpAot\Php\Platform\Windows) {
+            $cmd .= ' -fms-compatibility';
+            $cmd .= ' -fms-compatibility-version=19.40';
+            $cmd .= ' -fdelayed-template-parsing';
+            $cmd .= ' -fms-extensions';
+        }
+        
+        $cmd .= ' -c ' . escapeshellarg($sourceFile);
+        $cmd .= ' -o ' . escapeshellarg($outputFile);
+        
+        // 添加包含路径
+        if (!empty($includePaths)) {
+            $cmd .= ' ' . $this->formatIncludePaths($includePaths);
+        }
+        
+        // 添加宏定义
+        foreach ($defines as $define) {
+            $cmd .= ' -D' . $define;
+        }
+        
+        // 添加额外标志
+        if (!empty($flags)) {
+            $cmd .= ' ' . implode(' ', $flags);
+        }
+        
+        return $cmd;
+    }
+
+    public function linkObjects(
+        array $objectFiles,
+        string $outputFile,
+        array $libraryPaths = [],
+        array $libraries = [],
+        array $flags = []
+    ): string {
+        $cmd = $this->getLinkerCommand();
+        
+        // 添加目标文件
+        $cmd .= ' ' . implode(' ', array_map('escapeshellarg', $objectFiles));
+        
+        // 输出文件
+        if ($this->platform instanceof \PhpAot\Php\Platform\Windows) {
+            $cmd .= ' /OUT:' . escapeshellarg($outputFile);
+        } else {
+            $cmd .= ' -o ' . escapeshellarg($outputFile);
+        }
+        
+        // 添加库路径
+        if (!empty($libraryPaths)) {
+            $cmd .= ' ' . $this->formatLibraryPaths($libraryPaths);
+        }
+        
+        // 添加库文件
+        if (!empty($libraries)) {
+            $cmd .= ' ' . $this->formatLibraries($libraries);
+        }
+        
+        // 添加额外标志
+        if (!empty($flags)) {
+            $cmd .= ' ' . implode(' ', $flags);
+        }
+        
+        return $cmd;
+    }
+
+    public function buildCompileCommand(string $sourceFile, string $outputFile, array $options = []): string
+    {
+        $cmd = $this->getCompilerCommand();
+        
+        // Windows 下需要 MSVC 兼容模式
+        if ($this->platform instanceof \PhpAot\Php\Platform\Windows) {
+            $cmd .= ' -fms-compatibility';
+            $cmd .= ' -fms-compatibility-version=19.40';
+            $cmd .= ' -fdelayed-template-parsing';
+            $cmd .= ' -fms-extensions';
+        }
+        
+        $cmd .= ' -c';
+        $cmd .= ' ' . escapeshellarg($sourceFile);
+        $cmd .= ' -o ' . escapeshellarg($outputFile);
+        
+        // 优化级别
+        $optimizeLevel = $options['optimize'] ?? 2;
+        
+        // 调试模式
+        if (!empty($options['debug'])) {
+            $cmd .= ' -O0 -g';
+        } else {
+            $cmd .= ' -O' . $optimizeLevel;
+        }
+        
+        // 警告级别
+        $cmd .= ' -Wall';
+        
+        // C++ 标准
+        $cppStd = $options['cpp_std'] ?? 'c++17';
+        $cmd .= ' -std=' . $cppStd;
+        
+        // Sanitizer 支持
+        if (!empty($options['sanitize'])) {
+            $cmd .= ' -fsanitize=' . $options['sanitize'];
+        }
+        
+        // PIC（位置无关代码）
+        if (!empty($options['pic'])) {
+            $cmd .= ' -fPIC';
+        }
+        
+        return $cmd;
+    }
+
+    public function buildLinkCommand(array $objectFiles, string $outputFile, array $options = []): string
+    {
+        $cmd = $this->getLinkerCommand();
+        $cmd .= ' ' . implode(' ', array_map('escapeshellarg', $objectFiles));
+        
+        // Windows 使用 MSVC 链接器语法
+        if ($this->platform instanceof \PhpAot\Php\Platform\Windows) {
+            $cmd .= ' /OUT:' . escapeshellarg($outputFile);
+            
+            // 调试信息
+            if (!empty($options['debug'])) {
+                $cmd .= ' /DEBUG';
+            }
+            
+            // Windows 子系统
+            if (!empty($options['no_console'])) {
+                $cmd .= ' ' . $this->platform->getSubsystemOptions(true);
+            }
+            
+            // CRT 配置
+            $cmd .= ' ' . $this->platform->getCrtConfig();
+        } else {
+            // Unix/Linux/macOS 使用 GCC 风格语法
+            $cmd .= ' -o ' . escapeshellarg($outputFile);
+            
+            // 共享库
+            if (!empty($options['shared'])) {
+                $cmd .= ' ' . $this->platform->getSharedLinkFlag();
+                
+                // macOS 需要 install_name
+                if ($this->platform instanceof \PhpAot\Php\Platform\Macos && !empty($options['install_name'])) {
+                    $cmd .= ' ' . $this->platform->getCurrentInstallNameOption($options['install_name']);
+                }
+            }
+            
+            // RPATH（运行时库搜索路径）
+            if (!empty($options['rpath'])) {
+                $cmd .= ' ' . $this->platform->getRpathOptions($options['rpath']);
+            }
+            
+            // Sanitizer 链接选项
+            if (!empty($options['sanitize'])) {
+                $cmd .= ' -fsanitize=' . $options['sanitize'];
+            }
+        }
+        
+        return $cmd;
+    }
+}
--- a/src/Php/Backend/CompilerBackend.php
+++ b/src/Php/Backend/CompilerBackend.php
@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace PhpAot\Php\Backend;
+
+use PhpAot\Php\Platform\PlatformBase;
+
+/**
+ * 编译器后端抽象基类
+ * 定义所有编译器必须实现的接口
+ */
+abstract class CompilerBackend
+{
+    /**
+     * 平台实例
+     */
+    protected PlatformBase $platform;
+
+    public function __construct(PlatformBase $platform)
+    {
+        $this->platform = $platform;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取编译器名称
+     */
+    abstract public function getName(): string;
+
+    /**
+     * 获取编译器命令
+     */
+    abstract public function getCompilerCommand(): string;
+
+    /**
+     * 获取链接器命令
+     */
+    abstract public function getLinkerCommand(): string;
+
+    /**
+     * 编译单个文件
+     */
+    abstract public function compileFile(
+        string $sourceFile,
+        string $outputFile,
+        array $includePaths = [],
+        array $defines = [],
+        array $flags = []
+    ): string;
+
+    /**
+     * 链接目标文件
+     */
+    abstract public function linkObjects(
+        array $objectFiles,
+        string $outputFile,
+        array $libraryPaths = [],
+        array $libraries = [],
+        array $flags = []
+    ): string;
+
+    /**
+     * 构建完整的编译命令
+     */
+    abstract public function buildCompileCommand(
+        string $sourceFile,
+        string $outputFile,
+        array $options = []
+    ): string;
+
+    /**
+     * 构建完整的链接命令
+     */
+    abstract public function buildLinkCommand(
+        array $objectFiles,
+        string $outputFile,
+        array $options = []
+    ): string;
+
+    /**
+     * 获取平台实例
+     */
+    public function getPlatform(): PlatformBase
+    {
+        return $this->platform;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 格式化包含路径
+     */
+    protected function formatIncludePaths(array $includePaths): string
+    {
+        return $this->platform->getIncludeFlags($includePaths);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 格式化库路径
+     */
+    protected function formatLibraryPaths(array $libraryPaths): string
+    {
+        return $this->platform->getLibraryPathFlags($libraryPaths);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 格式化库文件
+     */
+    protected function formatLibraries(array $libraries): string
+    {
+        return $this->platform->getLibraryFlags($libraries);
+    }
+}
--- a/src/Php/Backend/CompilerFactory.php
+++ b/src/Php/Backend/CompilerFactory.php
@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace PhpAot\Php\Backend;
+
+use PhpAot\Php\Platform\PlatformBase;
+use PhpAot\Php\Platform\Windows;
+use PhpAot\Php\Platform\Linux;
+use PhpAot\Php\Platform\Macos;
+
+/**
+ * 编译器工厂类
+ * 根据平台自动创建合适的编译器后端
+ */
+class CompilerFactory
+{
+    /**
+     * 创建默认编译器后端
+     */
+    public static function create(PlatformBase $platform): CompilerBackend
+    {
+        if ($platform instanceof Windows) {
+            // Windows 默认使用 MSVC
+            return new Msvc($platform);
+        } elseif ($platform instanceof Linux) {
+            // Linux 默认使用 GCC
+            return new Gcc($platform);
+        } elseif ($platform instanceof Macos) {
+            // macOS 默认使用 Clang
+            return new Clang($platform);
+        } else {
+            throw new \RuntimeException("Unsupported platform: " . $platform->getName());
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 创建指定类型的编译器后端
+     */
+    public static function createByName(string $compilerName, PlatformBase $platform): CompilerBackend
+    {
+        return match (strtolower($compilerName)) {
+            'msvc', 'cl' => new Msvc($platform),
+            'gcc', 'g++' => new Gcc($platform),
+            'clang', 'clang++' => new Clang($platform),
+            default => throw new \RuntimeException("Unsupported compiler: {$compilerName}"),
+        };
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 自动检测并创建编译器和平台
+     */
+    public static function autoDetect(string $compilerName = ''): array
+    {
+        // 创建平台
+        $platform = \PhpAot\Php\Platform\PlatformFactory::create();
+        
+        // 创建编译器
+        if (!empty($compilerName)) {
+            $compiler = self::createByName($compilerName, $platform);
+        } else {
+            $compiler = self::create($platform);
+        }
+        
+        return [
+            'platform' => $platform,
+            'compiler' => $compiler,
+        ];
+    }
+}
--- a/src/Php/Backend/Gcc.php
+++ b/src/Php/Backend/Gcc.php
@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace PhpAot\Php\Backend;
+
+use PhpAot\Php\Platform\PlatformBase;
+
+/**
+ * GCC 编译器后端实现
+ */
+class Gcc extends CompilerBackend
+{
+    public function getName(): string
+    {
+        return 'GCC';
+    }
+
+    public function getCompilerCommand(): string
+    {
+        return 'g++';
+    }
+
+    public function getLinkerCommand(): string
+    {
+        return 'g++';
+    }
+
+    public function compileFile(
+        string $sourceFile,
+        string $outputFile,
+        array $includePaths = [],
+        array $defines = [],
+        array $flags = []
+    ): string {
+        $cmd = $this->getCompilerCommand();
+        $cmd .= ' -c ' . escapeshellarg($sourceFile);
+        $cmd .= ' -o ' . escapeshellarg($outputFile);
+        
+        // 添加包含路径
+        if (!empty($includePaths)) {
+            $cmd .= ' ' . $this->formatIncludePaths($includePaths);
+        }
+        
+        // 添加宏定义
+        foreach ($defines as $define) {
+            $cmd .= ' -D' . $define;
+        }
+        
+        // 添加额外标志
+        if (!empty($flags)) {
+            $cmd .= ' ' . implode(' ', $flags);
+        }
+        
+        return $cmd;
+    }
+
+    public function linkObjects(
+        array $objectFiles,
+        string $outputFile,
+        array $libraryPaths = [],
+        array $libraries = [],
+        array $flags = []
+    ): string {
+        $cmd = $this->getLinkerCommand();
+        
+        // 添加目标文件
+        $cmd .= ' ' . implode(' ', array_map('escapeshellarg', $objectFiles));
+        
+        // 输出文件
+        $cmd .= ' -o ' . escapeshellarg($outputFile);
+        
+        // 添加库路径
+        if (!empty($libraryPaths)) {
+            $cmd .= ' ' . $this->formatLibraryPaths($libraryPaths);
+        }
+        
+        // 添加库文件
+        if (!empty($libraries)) {
+            $cmd .= ' ' . $this->formatLibraries($libraries);
+        }
+        
+        // 添加额外标志
+        if (!empty($flags)) {
+            $cmd .= ' ' . implode(' ', $flags);
+        }
+        
+        return $cmd;
+    }
+
+    public function buildCompileCommand(string $sourceFile, string $outputFile, array $options = []): string
+    {
+        $cmd = $this->getCompilerCommand();
+        $cmd .= ' -c';
+        $cmd .= ' ' . escapeshellarg($sourceFile);
+        $cmd .= ' -o ' . escapeshellarg($outputFile);
+        
+        // 优化级别
+        $optimizeLevel = $options['optimize'] ?? 2;
+        $cmd .= ' -O' . $optimizeLevel;
+        
+        // 调试信息
+        if (!empty($options['debug'])) {
+            $cmd .= ' -g';
+        }
+        
+        // 警告级别
+        $cmd .= ' -Wall';
+        
+        // C++ 标准
+        $cppStd = $options['cpp_std'] ?? 'c++17';
+        $cmd .= ' -std=' . $cppStd;
+        
+        // PIC（位置无关代码）
+        if (!empty($options['pic'])) {
+            $cmd .= ' -fPIC';
+        }
+        
+        return $cmd;
+    }
+
+    public function buildLinkCommand(array $objectFiles, string $outputFile, array $options = []): string
+    {
+        $cmd = $this->getLinkerCommand();
+        $cmd .= ' ' . implode(' ', array_map('escapeshellarg', $objectFiles));
+        $cmd .= ' -o ' . escapeshellarg($outputFile);
+        
+        // 共享库
+        if (!empty($options['shared'])) {
+            $cmd .= ' ' . $this->platform->getSharedLinkFlag();
+            
+            // macOS 需要 install_name
+            if ($this->platform instanceof \PhpAot\Php\Platform\Macos && !empty($options['install_name'])) {
+                $cmd .= ' ' . $this->platform->getCurrentInstallNameOption($options['install_name']);
+            }
+        }
+        
+        // RPATH（运行时库搜索路径）
+        if (!empty($options['rpath'])) {
+            $cmd .= ' ' . $this->platform->getRpathOptions($options['rpath']);
+        }
+        
+        return $cmd;
+    }
+}
--- a/src/Php/Backend/Msvc.php
+++ b/src/Php/Backend/Msvc.php
@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace PhpAot\Php\Backend;
+
+use PhpAot\Php\Platform\Windows;
+
+/**
+ * MSVC 编译器后端实现
+ */
+class Msvc extends CompilerBackend
+{
+    public function __construct(Windows $platform)
+    {
+        parent::__construct($platform);
+    }
+
+    public function getName(): string
+    {
+        return 'MSVC';
+    }
+
+    public function getCompilerCommand(): string
+    {
+        return 'cl';
+    }
+
+    public function getLinkerCommand(): string
+    {
+        return 'link';
+    }
+
+    public function compileFile(
+        string $sourceFile,
+        string $outputFile,
+        array $includePaths = [],
+        array $defines = [],
+        array $flags = []
+    ): string {
+        $cmd = $this->getCompilerCommand();
+        $cmd .= ' /c ' . escapeshellarg($sourceFile);
+        $cmd .= ' /Fo' . escapeshellarg($outputFile);
+        
+        // 添加包含路径
+        if (!empty($includePaths)) {
+            $cmd .= ' ' . $this->formatIncludePaths($includePaths);
+        }
+        
+        // 添加宏定义
+        foreach ($defines as $define) {
+            $cmd .= ' /D' . $define;
+        }
+        
+        // 添加额外标志
+        if (!empty($flags)) {
+            $cmd .= ' ' . implode(' ', $flags);
+        }
+        
+        return $cmd;
+    }
+
+    public function linkObjects(
+        array $objectFiles,
+        string $outputFile,
+        array $libraryPaths = [],
+        array $libraries = [],
+        array $flags = []
+    ): string {
+        $cmd = $this->getLinkerCommand();
+        
+        // 添加目标文件
+        $cmd .= ' ' . implode(' ', array_map('escapeshellarg', $objectFiles));
+        
+        // 输出文件
+        $cmd .= ' /OUT:' . escapeshellarg($outputFile);
+        
+        // 添加库路径
+        if (!empty($libraryPaths)) {
+            $cmd .= ' ' . $this->formatLibraryPaths($libraryPaths);
+        }
+        
+        // 添加库文件
+        if (!empty($libraries)) {
+            $cmd .= ' ' . $this->formatLibraries($libraries);
+        }
+        
+        // 添加额外标志
+        if (!empty($flags)) {
+            $cmd .= ' ' . implode(' ', $flags);
+        }
+        
+        return $cmd;
+    }
+
+    public function buildCompileCommand(string $sourceFile, string $outputFile, array $options = []): string
+    {
+        $cmd = $this->getCompilerCommand();
+        $cmd .= ' /c';
+        $cmd .= ' ' . escapeshellarg($sourceFile);
+        $cmd .= ' /Fo' . escapeshellarg($outputFile);
+        
+        // 平台宏定义
+        $cmd .= ' /DZEND_WIN32 /DPHP_WIN32 /DZEND_DEBUG=0';
+        
+        // ZTS 支持
+        if ($this->platform instanceof Windows && $this->platform->isZts()) {
+            $cmd .= ' /DZTS';
+        }
+        
+        // 优化级别
+        $optimizeLevel = $options['optimize'] ?? 2;
+        $cmd .= ' /O' . ($optimizeLevel >= 2 ? '2' : ($optimizeLevel === 0 ? 'd' : '1'));
+        
+        // 警告级别
+        $cmd .= ' /W3';
+        
+        // C++ 标准
+        $cppStd = $options['cpp_std'] ?? 'c++17';
+        $cmd .= ' /std:' . $cppStd;
+        
+        // 异常处理
+        $cmd .= ' /EHsc';
+        
+        // CRT
+        $cmd .= ' /MD';
+        
+        // nologo
+        $cmd .= ' /nologo';
+        
+        return $cmd;
+    }
+
+    public function buildLinkCommand(array $objectFiles, string $outputFile, array $options = []): string
+    {
+        $cmd = $this->getLinkerCommand();
+        $cmd .= ' ' . implode(' ', array_map('escapeshellarg', $objectFiles));
+        $cmd .= ' /OUT:' . escapeshellarg($outputFile);
+        
+        // 调试信息
+        if (!empty($options['debug'])) {
+            $cmd .= ' /DEBUG';
+        }
+        
+        // Windows 子系统
+        if (!empty($options['no_console'])) {
+            $cmd .= ' ' . $this->platform->getSubsystemOptions(true);
+        }
+        
+        // CRT 配置
+        $cmd .= ' ' . $this->platform->getCrtConfig();
+        
+        // nologo
+        $cmd .= ' /nologo';
+        
+        return $cmd;
+    }
+}
--- a/src/Php/Backend/README.md
+++ b/src/Php/Backend/README.md
@ -0,0 +1,193 @@
+# 编译器和平台抽象层
+
+## 目录结构
+
+```
+src/Php/
+├── Backend/          # 编译器后端抽象
+│   ├── CompilerBackend.php    # 编译器抽象基类
+│   ├── CompilerFactory.php    # 编译器工厂（自动检测）
+│   ├── Msvc.php               # MSVC 编译器实现 ✅
+│   ├── Gcc.php                # GCC 编译器实现 ✅
+│   ├── Clang.php              # Clang 编译器实现 ✅
+│   ├── example_usage.php      # 使用示例
+│   └── README.md              # 本文档
+└── Platform/         # 平台抽象
+    ├── PlatformBase.php       # 平台抽象基类
+    ├── PlatformFactory.php    # 平台工厂（自动检测）
+    ├── Windows.php            # Windows 平台实现 ✅
+    ├── Linux.php              # Linux 平台实现 ✅
+    └── Macos.php              # macOS 平台实现 ✅
+```
+
+## 设计理念
+
+### 1. 平台抽象 (Platform)
+
+**职责：**
+- 处理不同操作系统的差异
+- 提供统一的路径、文件扩展名、命令行参数格式
+- 封装平台特定的配置和选项
+
+**核心方法：**
+- `getIncludeFlags()` - 获取包含路径参数
+- `getLibraryPathFlags()` - 获取库路径参数
+- `getLibraryFlags()` - 获取库文件参数
+- `getObjectExtension()` - 获取对象文件扩展名
+- `getExecutableExtension()` - 获取可执行文件扩展名
+
+### 2. 编译器后端 (Backend)
+
+**职责：**
+- 处理不同编译器的差异
+- 生成编译和链接命令
+- 封装编译器特定的选项和标志
+
+**核心方法：**
+- `compileFile()` - 编译单个文件
+- `linkObjects()` - 链接目标文件
+- `buildCompileCommand()` - 构建完整编译命令
+- `buildLinkCommand()` - 构建完整链接命令
+
+## 使用示例
+
+### 基本用法
+
+```php
+use PhpAot\Php\Platform\Windows;
+use PhpAot\Php\Backend\Msvc;
+
+// 创建平台实例
+$platform = new Windows(
+    phpLibs: ['php8embed.lib', 'php8ts.lib'],
+    isZts: true
+);
+
+// 创建编译器后端
+$compiler = new Msvc($platform);
+
+// 构建编译命令
+$compileCmd = $compiler->buildCompileCommand(
+    'source.cpp',
+    'source.obj',
+    [
+        'optimize' => 2,
+        'cpp_std' => 'c++17',
+    ]
+);
+
+// 构建链接命令
+$linkCmd = $compiler->buildLinkCommand(
+    ['source.obj'],
+    'output.exe',
+    [
+        'debug' => true,
+        'no_console' => false,
+    ]
+);
+```
+
+### 跨平台支持
+
+```php
+use PhpAot\Php\Platform\Linux;
+use PhpAot\Php\Platform\Macos;
+use PhpAot\Php\Backend\Gcc;
+
+// 自动检测当前平台
+if ((new Windows())->isCurrent()) {
+    $platform = new Windows();
+    $compiler = new Msvc($platform);
+} elseif ((new Linux())->isCurrent()) {
+    $platform = new Linux();
+    $compiler = new Gcc($platform);
+} elseif ((new Macos())->isCurrent()) {
+    $platform = new Macos();
+    $compiler = new Gcc($platform);  // macOS 通常也用 GCC/Clang
+}
+```
+
+## 优势
+
+### 1. 关注点分离
+- **Platform**: 只关心操作系统差异
+- **Backend**: 只关心编译器差异
+- 两者独立，可以任意组合
+
+### 2. 易于扩展
+- 添加新平台：继承 `PlatformBase`
+- 添加新编译器：继承 `CompilerBackend`
+- 无需修改现有代码
+
+### 3. 易于测试
+- 每个类职责单一
+- 可以独立单元测试
+- 便于 Mock 和 stub
+
+### 4. 代码复用
+- 平台相关逻辑集中管理
+- 编译器相关逻辑集中管理
+- 避免重复代码
+
+## 迁移计划
+
+### 阶段 1：创建抽象层（✅ 已完成）
+- ✅ 创建 Platform 抽象和实现
+  - ✅ PlatformBase.php
+  - ✅ Windows.php
+  - ✅ Linux.php
+  - ✅ Macos.php
+  - ✅ PlatformFactory.php
+- ✅ 创建 Backend 抽象和实现
+  - ✅ CompilerBackend.php
+  - ✅ Msvc.php
+  - ✅ Gcc.php
+  - ✅ Clang.php
+  - ✅ CompilerFactory.php
+- ✅ 创建使用示例和文档
+  - ✅ example_usage.php
+  - ✅ README.md
+
+### 阶段 2：重构 CompilerBase
+- 将平台相关代码迁移到 Platform 类
+- 将编译器相关代码迁移到 Backend 类
+- CompilerBase 作为协调者使用这些类
+
+### 阶段 3：清理和优化
+- 删除冗余代码
+- 更新文档
+- 完善测试
+
+## 下一步工作
+
+### ✅ 已完成
+1. **完成 Backend 实现**
+   - ✅ 创建 `Gcc.php`
+   - ✅ 创建 `Clang.php`
+   - ✅ 创建 `CompilerFactory.php`（自动检测）
+
+2. **完成 Platform 实现**
+   - ✅ 创建所有平台实现
+   - ✅ 创建 `PlatformFactory.php`（自动检测）
+
+3. **文档和示例**
+   - ✅ 创建详细 README
+   - ✅ 创建使用示例
+
+### 🔄 进行中
+4. **重构 CompilerBase**
+   - ⏳ 使用新的 Platform 和 Backend 类
+   - ⏳ 保持向后兼容
+   - ⏳ 逐步迁移现有代码
+
+### 📋 待办
+5. **添加单元测试**
+   - ⏳ 测试所有 Platform 实现
+   - ⏳ 测试所有 Backend 实现
+   - ⏳ 测试工厂类
+   - ⏳ 测试集成场景
+
+6. **文档完善**
+   - ⏳ 添加更多使用示例
+   - ⏳ 编写迁移指南
+   - ⏳ 更新 API 文档
--- a/src/Php/Backend/example_usage.php
+++ b/src/Php/Backend/example_usage.php
@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+<?php
+
+/**
+ * 新架构使用示例
+ * 
+ * 展示如何使用 Platform 和 Backend 抽象层
+ */
+
+require_once __DIR__ . '/../../../vendor/autoload.php';
+
+use PhpAot\Php\Platform\PlatformFactory;
+use PhpAot\Php\Backend\CompilerFactory;
+
+echo "=== 平台和编译器抽象层示例 ===\n\n";
+
+// 示例 1：自动检测平台和编译器
+echo "1. 自动检测平台和编译器:\n";
+$result = CompilerFactory::autoDetect();
+$platform = $result['platform'];
+$compiler = $result['compiler'];
+
+echo "   平台: {$platform->getName()}\n";
+echo "   编译器: {$compiler->getName()}\n";
+echo "   对象文件扩展名: {$platform->getObjectExtension()}\n";
+echo "   可执行文件扩展名: {$platform->getExecutableExtension()}\n";
+echo "\n";
+
+// 示例 2：构建编译命令
+echo "2. 构建编译命令:\n";
+$compileCmd = $compiler->buildCompileCommand(
+    'test.cpp',
+    'test' . $platform->getObjectExtension(),
+    [
+        'optimize' => 2,
+        'debug' => false,
+        'cpp_std' => 'c++17',
+    ]
+);
+echo "   {$compileCmd}\n";
+echo "\n";
+
+// 示例 3：构建链接命令
+echo "3. 构建链接命令:\n";
+$linkCmd = $compiler->buildLinkCommand(
+    ['test' . $platform->getObjectExtension()],
+    'output' . $platform->getExecutableExtension(),
+    [
+        'debug' => true,
+        'no_console' => false,
+    ]
+);
+echo "   {$linkCmd}\n";
+echo "\n";
+
+// 示例 4：手动指定平台和编译器
+echo "4. 手动指定平台和编译器:\n";
+use PhpAot\Php\Platform\Windows;
+use PhpAot\Php\Backend\Msvc;
+
+$windowsPlatform = new Windows(
+    phpLibs: ['php8embed.lib', 'php8ts.lib'],
+    isZts: true
+);
+$msvcCompiler = new Msvc($windowsPlatform);
+
+echo "   平台: {$windowsPlatform->getName()}\n";
+echo "   编译器: {$msvcCompiler->getName()}\n";
+echo "   ZTS: " . ($windowsPlatform->isZts() ? 'Yes' : 'No') . "\n";
+echo "\n";
+
+// 示例 5：跨平台路径处理
+echo "5. 跨平台路径处理:\n";
+$path = $platform->joinPath('src', 'Php', 'Backend');
+echo "   组合路径: {$path}\n";
+echo "   路径分隔符: '{$platform->getPathSeparator()}'\n";
+echo "\n";
+
+echo "=== 示例完成 ===\n";
--- a/src/Php/Platform/Linux.php
+++ b/src/Php/Platform/Linux.php
@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace PhpAot\Php\Platform;
+
+/**
+ * Linux 平台实现
+ */
+class Linux extends PlatformBase
+{
+    public function getName(): string
+    {
+        return 'Linux';
+    }
+
+    public function isCurrent(): bool
+    {
+        return PHP_OS === 'Linux';
+    }
+
+    public function getIncludeFlags(array $includePaths): string
+    {
+        if (empty($includePaths)) {
+            return '';
+        }
+
+        $flags = [];
+        foreach ($includePaths as $path) {
+            $flags[] = '-I' . escapeshellarg($path);
+        }
+
+        return implode(' ', $flags);
+    }
+
+    public function getLibraryPathFlags(array $libraryPaths): string
+    {
+        if (empty($libraryPaths)) {
+            return '';
+        }
+
+        $flags = [];
+        foreach ($libraryPaths as $path) {
+            $flags[] = '-L' . escapeshellarg($path);
+        }
+
+        return implode(' ', $flags);
+    }
+
+    public function getLibraryFlags(array $libraries): string
+    {
+        if (empty($libraries)) {
+            return '';
+        }
+
+        $flags = [];
+        foreach ($libraries as $lib) {
+            // 移除 lib 前缀和 .a/.so 后缀
+            $libName = basename($lib);
+            if (str_starts_with($libName, 'lib')) {
+                $libName = substr($libName, 3);
+            }
+            $libName = preg_replace('/\.(a|so)$/', '', $libName);
+            
+            $flags[] = '-l' . $libName;
+        }
+
+        return implode(' ', $flags);
+    }
+
+    public function getObjectExtension(): string
+    {
+        return '.o';
+    }
+
+    public function getExecutableExtension(): string
+    {
+        return '';
+    }
+
+    public function getSharedLibraryExtension(): string
+    {
+        return '.so';
+    }
+
+    public function getPathSeparator(): string
+    {
+        return '/';
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取 RPATH 选项
+     */
+    public function getRpathOptions(array $paths): string
+    {
+        if (empty($paths)) {
+            return '';
+        }
+
+        $rpaths = [];
+        foreach ($paths as $path) {
+            $rpaths[] = '-Wl,-rpath,' . escapeshellarg($path);
+        }
+
+        return implode(' ', $rpaths);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取 PIC 选项
+     */
+    public function getPicFlag(): string
+    {
+        return '-fPIC';
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取共享库链接选项
+     */
+    public function getSharedLinkFlag(): string
+    {
+        return '-shared';
+    }
+}
--- a/src/Php/Platform/Macos.php
+++ b/src/Php/Platform/Macos.php
@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace PhpAot\Php\Platform;
+
+/**
+ * macOS 平台实现
+ */
+class Macos extends PlatformBase
+{
+    public function getName(): string
+    {
+        return 'macOS';
+    }
+
+    public function isCurrent(): bool
+    {
+        return strtoupper(substr(PHP_OS, 0, 6)) === 'DARWIN';
+    }
+
+    public function getIncludeFlags(array $includePaths): string
+    {
+        if (empty($includePaths)) {
+            return '';
+        }
+
+        $flags = [];
+        foreach ($includePaths as $path) {
+            $flags[] = '-I' . escapeshellarg($path);
+        }
+
+        return implode(' ', $flags);
+    }
+
+    public function getLibraryPathFlags(array $libraryPaths): string
+    {
+        if (empty($libraryPaths)) {
+            return '';
+        }
+
+        $flags = [];
+        foreach ($libraryPaths as $path) {
+            $flags[] = '-L' . escapeshellarg($path);
+        }
+
+        return implode(' ', $flags);
+    }
+
+    public function getLibraryFlags(array $libraries): string
+    {
+        if (empty($libraries)) {
+            return '';
+        }
+
+        $flags = [];
+        foreach ($libraries as $lib) {
+            // 移除 lib 前缀和 .a/.dylib 后缀
+            $libName = basename($lib);
+            if (str_starts_with($libName, 'lib')) {
+                $libName = substr($libName, 3);
+            }
+            $libName = preg_replace('/\.(a|dylib)$/', '', $libName);
+            
+            $flags[] = '-l' . $libName;
+        }
+
+        return implode(' ', $flags);
+    }
+
+    public function getObjectExtension(): string
+    {
+        return '.o';
+    }
+
+    public function getExecutableExtension(): string
+    {
+        return '';
+    }
+
+    public function getSharedLibraryExtension(): string
+    {
+        return '.dylib';
+    }
+
+    public function getPathSeparator(): string
+    {
+        return '/';
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取 RPATH 选项（macOS 需要绝对路径）
+     */
+    public function getRpathOptions(array $paths): string
+    {
+        if (empty($paths)) {
+            return '';
+        }
+
+        $rpaths = [];
+        foreach ($paths as $path) {
+            $rpaths[] = '-Wl,-rpath,' . escapeshellarg($path);
+        }
+
+        return implode(' ', $rpaths);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取 PIC 选项
+     */
+    public function getPicFlag(): string
+    {
+        return '-fPIC';
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取共享库链接选项
+     */
+    public function getSharedLinkFlag(): string
+    {
+        return '-dynamiclib';
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取当前安装名称选项
+     */
+    public function getCurrentInstallNameOption(string $path): string
+    {
+        return '-install_name ' . escapeshellarg($path);
+    }
+}
--- a/src/Php/Platform/PlatformBase.php
+++ b/src/Php/Platform/PlatformBase.php
@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace PhpAot\Php\Platform;
+
+/**
+ * 平台抽象基类
+ * 定义所有平台必须实现的接口
+ */
+abstract class PlatformBase
+{
+    /**
+     * 获取平台名称
+     */
+    abstract public function getName(): string;
+
+    /**
+     * 判断是否为当前平台
+     */
+    abstract public function isCurrent(): bool;
+
+    /**
+     * 获取编译器包含路径参数
+     */
+    abstract public function getIncludeFlags(array $includePaths): string;
+
+    /**
+     * 获取链接器库路径参数
+     */
+    abstract public function getLibraryPathFlags(array $libraryPaths): string;
+
+    /**
+     * 获取链接库参数
+     */
+    abstract public function getLibraryFlags(array $libraries): string;
+
+    /**
+     * 获取文件扩展名
+     */
+    abstract public function getObjectExtension(): string;
+
+    /**
+     * 获取可执行文件扩展名
+     */
+    abstract public function getExecutableExtension(): string;
+
+    /**
+     * 获取动态库扩展名
+     */
+    abstract public function getSharedLibraryExtension(): string;
+
+    /**
+     * 获取路径分隔符
+     */
+    abstract public function getPathSeparator(): string;
+
+    /**
+     * 规范化路径
+     */
+    public function normalizePath(string $path): string
+    {
+        return str_replace('/', $this->getPathSeparator(), $path);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 组合路径
+     */
+    public function joinPath(string ...$parts): string
+    {
+        return implode($this->getPathSeparator(), $parts);
+    }
+}
--- a/src/Php/Platform/PlatformFactory.php
+++ b/src/Php/Platform/PlatformFactory.php
@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace PhpAot\Php\Platform;
+
+/**
+ * 平台工厂类
+ * 自动检测并创建当前平台的实例
+ */
+class PlatformFactory
+{
+    /**
+     * 创建当前平台的实例
+     */
+    public static function create(): PlatformBase
+    {
+        if ((new Windows())->isCurrent()) {
+            return new Windows();
+        } elseif ((new Linux())->isCurrent()) {
+            return new Linux();
+        } elseif ((new Macos())->isCurrent()) {
+            return new Macos();
+        } else {
+            throw new \RuntimeException("Unsupported platform: " . PHP_OS);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取当前平台名称
+     */
+    public static function getCurrentPlatformName(): string
+    {
+        return self::create()->getName();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 判断是否为 Windows 平台
+     */
+    public static function isWindows(): bool
+    {
+        return (new Windows())->isCurrent();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 判断是否为 Linux 平台
+     */
+    public static function isLinux(): bool
+    {
+        return (new Linux())->isCurrent();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 判断是否为 macOS 平台
+     */
+    public static function isMacos(): bool
+    {
+        return (new Macos())->isCurrent();
+    }
+}
--- a/src/Php/Platform/Windows.php
+++ b/src/Php/Platform/Windows.php
@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace PhpAot\Php\Platform;
+
+/**
+ * Windows 平台实现
+ */
+class Windows extends PlatformBase
+{
+    /**
+     * PHP 库文件信息
+     */
+    private array $phpLibs = [];
+
+    /**
+     * 是否为 ZTS 模式
+     */
+    private bool $isZts = false;
+
+    public function __construct(array $phpLibs = [], bool $isZts = false)
+    {
+        $this->phpLibs = $phpLibs;
+        $this->isZts = $isZts;
+    }
+
+    public function getName(): string
+    {
+        return 'Windows';
+    }
+
+    public function isCurrent(): bool
+    {
+        return strtoupper(substr(PHP_OS, 0, 3)) === 'WIN';
+    }
+
+    public function getIncludeFlags(array $includePaths): string
+    {
+        if (empty($includePaths)) {
+            return '';
+        }
+
+        $flags = [];
+        foreach ($includePaths as $path) {
+            $flags[] = '/I "' . $path . '"';
+        }
+
+        return implode(' ', $flags);
+    }
+
+    public function getLibraryPathFlags(array $libraryPaths): string
+    {
+        if (empty($libraryPaths)) {
+            return '';
+        }
+
+        $flags = [];
+        foreach ($libraryPaths as $path) {
+            $flags[] = '/LIBPATH:"' . $path . '"';
+        }
+
+        return implode(' ', $flags);
+    }
+
+    public function getLibraryFlags(array $libraries): string
+    {
+        if (empty($libraries)) {
+            return '';
+        }
+
+        $flags = [];
+        foreach ($libraries as $lib) {
+            $flags[] = '"' . $lib . '"';
+        }
+
+        return implode(' ', $flags);
+    }
+
+    public function getObjectExtension(): string
+    {
+        return '.obj';
+    }
+
+    public function getExecutableExtension(): string
+    {
+        return '.exe';
+    }
+
+    public function getSharedLibraryExtension(): string
+    {
+        return '.dll';
+    }
+
+    public function getPathSeparator(): string
+    {
+        return '\\';
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取 PHP 库文件列表
+     */
+    public function getPhpLibs(): array
+    {
+        return $this->phpLibs;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 判断是否为 ZTS 模式
+     */
+    public function isZts(): bool
+    {
+        return $this->isZts;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取 Windows 子系统选项
+     */
+    public function getSubsystemOptions(bool $noConsole): string
+    {
+        if (!$noConsole) {
+            return '';
+        }
+
+        return '/SUBSYSTEM:WINDOWS /ENTRY:mainCRTStartup';
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取 CRT 库配置
+     */
+    public function getCrtConfig(): string
+    {
+        return '/NODEFAULTLIB:LIBCMT';
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取调试选项
+     */
+    public function getDebugOptions(bool $debugInfo): string
+    {
+        if (!$debugInfo) {
+            return '';
+        }
+
+        return '/DEBUG';
+    }
+}