diff --git a/docs/INCOMPATIBLE_PHP_FEATURES.md b/docs/INCOMPATIBLE_PHP_FEATURES.md
index 08ed7a1c..78432544 100644
--- a/docs/INCOMPATIBLE_PHP_FEATURES.md
+++ b/docs/INCOMPATIBLE_PHP_FEATURES.md
@@ -35,8 +35,8 @@
 
 - 闭包和箭头函数不支持引用参数。
 - 引用赋值的右侧必须是编译器可直接定位的变量、数组元素或对象属性；不支持从调用结果或复杂静态属性表达式建立引用。
-- 动态调用、闭包调用等编译期无法确定参数签名的调用，不能自动转换引用参数；需要显式使用 `refval()`。
-- `refval()` 只接受变量、数组元素或对象属性。
+- 动态调用、闭包调用等编译期无法确定参数签名的调用，不能自动转换引用参数；需要显式使用 `refval()` 或等价关键词方法 `toRef()`。
+- `refval()` / `toRef()` 只接受变量、数组元素或对象属性。
 - 带 unpack 且尾部追加 named arguments 的调用会退化为动态调用，不能使用 native call。
 
 ## 对象模型
diff --git a/examples/type-elimination.php b/examples/type-elimination.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7f372574
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/type-elimination.php
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+<?php
+interface TestInterface
+{
+    public function test(): TestInterface;
+}
+
+class TestClass implements TestInterface
+{
+    public function test(): TestInterface
+    {
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    public function foo()
+    {
+        var_dump(__METHOD__);
+        return $this;
+    }
+}
+
+function main()
+{
+    $test = new TestClass();
+    $test = $test->test();
+    $test->foo();
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/phpunit/code/external-library-subclass-param.php b/phpunit/code/external-library-subclass-param.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..89b6b6bd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/phpunit/code/external-library-subclass-param.php
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+<?php
+
+use PhpParser\Node\Expr;
+
+function accepts_php_parser_expr(Expr $expr): void
+{
+}
+
+function main(): void
+{
+    accepts_php_parser_expr(new Expr\Variable('value'));
+}
diff --git a/phpunit/code/interface-declared-object-mismatch.php b/phpunit/code/interface-declared-object-mismatch.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..24bf239a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/phpunit/code/interface-declared-object-mismatch.php
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+<?php
+
+interface InterfaceDeclaredAssignContract
+{
+}
+
+class InterfaceDeclaredAssignImpl implements InterfaceDeclaredAssignContract
+{
+}
+
+class InterfaceDeclaredAssignOther
+{
+}
+
+function test_interface_declared_assign(InterfaceDeclaredAssignContract $object): void
+{
+    $object = new InterfaceDeclaredAssignImpl();
+    $object = new InterfaceDeclaredAssignOther();
+}
diff --git a/phpunit/code/interface-param-mismatch.php b/phpunit/code/interface-param-mismatch.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f055f1c1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/phpunit/code/interface-param-mismatch.php
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+<?php
+
+interface InterfaceParamMismatchContract
+{
+}
+
+class InterfaceParamMismatchOther
+{
+}
+
+function interface_param_mismatch(InterfaceParamMismatchContract $object): void
+{
+}
+
+function main(): void
+{
+    interface_param_mismatch(new InterfaceParamMismatchOther());
+}
diff --git a/phpunit/code/interface-return-mismatch.php b/phpunit/code/interface-return-mismatch.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5bbfe7b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/phpunit/code/interface-return-mismatch.php
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+<?php
+
+interface InterfaceReturnMismatchContract
+{
+}
+
+class InterfaceReturnMismatchOther
+{
+}
+
+function interface_return_mismatch(): InterfaceReturnMismatchContract
+{
+    return new InterfaceReturnMismatchOther();
+}
diff --git a/phpunit/code/loop/internal-constant-for-bound.php b/phpunit/code/loop/internal-constant-for-bound.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..9b10323f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/phpunit/code/loop/internal-constant-for-bound.php
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+<?php
+
+function loopInternalConstantForBound(): bool
+{
+    $sum = 0;
+    for ($i = 0; $i < PHP_FD_SETSIZE; $i++) {
+        $sum += $i & 1;
+    }
+    return $sum > 0;
+}
diff --git a/phpunit/code/re-assign-parent-to-child-object.php b/phpunit/code/re-assign-parent-to-child-object.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5d9a44c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/phpunit/code/re-assign-parent-to-child-object.php
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+<?php
+
+class TypedObjectAssignBase
+{
+}
+
+class TypedObjectAssignChild extends TypedObjectAssignBase
+{
+}
+
+function main(): void
+{
+    $child = new TypedObjectAssignChild();
+    $child = new TypedObjectAssignBase();
+}
diff --git a/phpunit/src/AssignTest.php b/phpunit/src/AssignTest.php
index cf441fc0..a2159d52 100644
--- a/phpunit/src/AssignTest.php
+++ b/phpunit/src/AssignTest.php
@@ -14,14 +14,43 @@ class AssignTest extends \BaseTest
         $this->exec('Cannot re-assign typed object `$obj1` from `stdClass` to `ArrayObject`', 're-assign-2.php');
     }
 
-    public function testStdContainerStaticClassMismatch()
+    public function testCannotAssignParentObjectToChildTypedObject()
     {
         $this->exec(
-            'Cannot assign object of class `StdContainerStaticChild` to std container value of class `StdContainerStaticBase`',
-            'std-container-static-class-mismatch.php'
+            'Cannot re-assign typed object `$child` from `TypedObjectAssignChild` to `TypedObjectAssignBase`',
+            're-assign-parent-to-child-object.php'
         );
     }
 
+    public function testCannotAssignUnrelatedObjectToInterfaceDeclaredObject()
+    {
+        $this->exec(
+            'Cannot re-assign typed object `$object` from `InterfaceDeclaredAssignContract` to `InterfaceDeclaredAssignOther`',
+            'interface-declared-object-mismatch.php'
+        );
+    }
+
+    public function testCannotPassUnrelatedObjectToInterfaceParameter()
+    {
+        $this->exec(
+            'Argument `object` must be an instance of `InterfaceParamMismatchContract`, `InterfaceParamMismatchOther` given',
+            'interface-param-mismatch.php'
+        );
+    }
+
+    public function testCannotReturnUnrelatedObjectFromInterfaceReturn()
+    {
+        $this->exec(
+            'The return type is `InterfaceReturnMismatchContract`, cannot return an instance of `InterfaceReturnMismatchOther`',
+            'interface-return-mismatch.php'
+        );
+    }
+
+    public function testStdContainerAcceptsSubclassValue()
+    {
+        $this->compile('std-container-static-class-mismatch.php');
+    }
+
     // === Object value assigned to non-object variable (right side is New_ expr) ===
 
     public function testObjectToInt()
@@ -71,12 +100,14 @@ class AssignTest extends \BaseTest
         $this->exec("Cannot re-assign `\$obj` from `php::Array` to `php::Object`", 're-assign-array-to-obj.php');
     }
 
-    public function testCannotAssignSubclassToTypedObjectProperty()
+    public function testCanAssignSubclassToTypedObjectProperty()
     {
-        $this->exec(
-            'Cannot assign object of class `TypedObjectPropChild` to object property `prop` of class `TypedObjectPropBase`',
-            'object-prop-subclass-mismatch.php'
-        );
+        $this->compile('object-prop-subclass-mismatch.php');
+    }
+
+    public function testCanPassExternalLibrarySubclassToParentParameter()
+    {
+        $this->compile('external-library-subclass-param.php');
     }
 
     // === Str / Array value assigned to non-object scalar variable ===
diff --git a/phpunit/src/CompilerBaseApiTest.php b/phpunit/src/CompilerBaseApiTest.php
index 30b2450b..40ae077e 100644
--- a/phpunit/src/CompilerBaseApiTest.php
+++ b/phpunit/src/CompilerBaseApiTest.php
@@ -262,6 +262,18 @@ YAML, 'myproject.yml', 'nested/config');
         );
     }
 
+    public function testGetFilesAcceptsYamlExtension(): void
+    {
+        $projectFile = $this->createProjectFile(<<<'YAML'
+sources:
+  - main.php
+YAML, 'project.yaml');
+
+        $files = $this->compiler->getFiles($projectFile);
+
+        $this->assertSame([realpath(dirname($projectFile) . '/main.php')], $files);
+    }
+
     public function testParseProjectYamlSupportsCliStyleModeAndOutputAliases(): void
     {
         $projectFile = $this->createProjectFile(<<<'YAML'
@@ -380,6 +392,199 @@ YAML);
         $this->assertNotContains(realpath($projectDir . '/skipped/nested.php'), $files);
     }
 
+    public function testParseProjectYamlSupportsConditionalSourcesByPhpVersion(): void
+    {
+        $futureVersion = PHP_VERSION_ID + 10000;
+        $projectFile = $this->createProjectFile(<<<YAML
+sources:
+  - main.php
+  - path: php-current.php
+    if: PHP_VERSION_ID >= 80000
+  - path: php-id-reversed.php
+    if: 80000 <= PHP_VERSION_ID
+  - path: missing-future.php
+    if: PHP_VERSION_ID >= {$futureVersion}
+YAML);
+        $projectDir = dirname($projectFile);
+        file_put_contents($projectDir . '/php-current.php', "<?php\nfunction php_current_source(): void {}\n");
+        file_put_contents($projectDir . '/php-id-reversed.php', "<?php\nfunction php_id_reversed_source(): void {}\n");
+
+        $files = $this->invokeMethod('parseProjectYaml', $projectFile);
+
+        $this->assertContains(realpath($projectDir . '/main.php'), $files);
+        $this->assertContains(realpath($projectDir . '/php-current.php'), $files);
+        $this->assertContains(realpath($projectDir . '/php-id-reversed.php'), $files);
+        $this->assertNotContains($projectDir . '/missing-future.php', $files);
+    }
+
+    public function testParseProjectYamlConditionalSourceAllowsIfBeforePath(): void
+    {
+        $projectFile = $this->createProjectFile(<<<'YAML'
+sources:
+  - if: PHP_VERSION_ID >= 80000
+    path: if-before-path.php
+YAML);
+        $projectDir = dirname($projectFile);
+        file_put_contents($projectDir . '/if-before-path.php', "<?php\nfunction if_before_path_source(): void {}\n");
+
+        $files = $this->invokeMethod('parseProjectYaml', $projectFile);
+
+        $this->assertSame([realpath($projectDir . '/if-before-path.php')], $files);
+    }
+
+    public function testParseProjectYamlSupportsCompositeConditionalSources(): void
+    {
+        $projectFile = $this->createProjectFile(<<<'YAML'
+sources:
+  - path: composite.php
+    if: PHP_VERSION_ID >= 80000 && PHP_VERSION_ID < 90000
+YAML);
+        $projectDir = dirname($projectFile);
+        file_put_contents($projectDir . '/composite.php', "<?php\nfunction composite_source(): void {}\n");
+
+        $files = $this->invokeMethod('parseProjectYaml', $projectFile);
+
+        $this->assertSame([realpath($projectDir . '/composite.php')], $files);
+    }
+
+    public function testParseProjectYamlSupportsPhpVersionStringConditionalSources(): void
+    {
+        $major = PHP_MAJOR_VERSION;
+        $nextMajor = PHP_MAJOR_VERSION + 1;
+        $projectFile = $this->createProjectFile(<<<YAML
+sources:
+  - path: php-version-current.php
+    if: PHP_VERSION >= "{$major}.0.0"
+  - path: php-version-reversed.php
+    if: '"{$major}.0.0" <= PHP_VERSION'
+  - path: missing-next-major.php
+    if: PHP_VERSION >= "{$nextMajor}.0.0"
+YAML);
+        $projectDir = dirname($projectFile);
+        file_put_contents($projectDir . '/php-version-current.php', "<?php\nfunction php_version_current_source(): void {}\n");
+        file_put_contents($projectDir . '/php-version-reversed.php', "<?php\nfunction php_version_reversed_source(): void {}\n");
+
+        $files = $this->invokeMethod('parseProjectYaml', $projectFile);
+
+        $this->assertSame(
+            [
+                realpath($projectDir . '/php-version-current.php'),
+                realpath($projectDir . '/php-version-reversed.php'),
+            ],
+            $files
+        );
+    }
+
+    public function testParseProjectYamlSupportsAllVersionCompareOperators(): void
+    {
+        $current = PHP_VERSION;
+        $projectFile = $this->createProjectFile(<<<YAML
+sources:
+  - path: op-lt.php
+    if: PHP_VERSION lt "{$current}.1"
+  - path: op-le.php
+    if: PHP_VERSION le "{$current}"
+  - path: op-gt.php
+    if: PHP_VERSION gt "0.0.0"
+  - path: op-ge.php
+    if: PHP_VERSION ge "{$current}"
+  - path: op-eq.php
+    if: PHP_VERSION eq "{$current}"
+  - path: op-ne.php
+    if: PHP_VERSION ne "0.0.0"
+  - path: op-symbol-eq.php
+    if: PHP_VERSION = "{$current}"
+  - path: op-symbol-ne.php
+    if: PHP_VERSION <> "0.0.0"
+  - path: op-id-alias.php
+    if: PHP_VERSION_ID GE 80000
+YAML);
+        $projectDir = dirname($projectFile);
+        foreach (['lt', 'le', 'gt', 'ge', 'eq', 'ne', 'symbol-eq', 'symbol-ne', 'id-alias'] as $name) {
+            file_put_contents($projectDir . '/op-' . $name . '.php', "<?php\nfunction op_" . str_replace('-', '_', $name) . "(): void {}\n");
+        }
+
+        $files = $this->invokeMethod('parseProjectYaml', $projectFile);
+
+        foreach (['lt', 'le', 'gt', 'ge', 'eq', 'ne', 'symbol-eq', 'symbol-ne', 'id-alias'] as $name) {
+            $this->assertContains(realpath($projectDir . '/op-' . $name . '.php'), $files);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public function testParseProjectYamlSupportsPhpOsFamilyConditionalSources(): void
+    {
+        $osFamily = PHP_OS_FAMILY;
+        $otherFamily = $osFamily === 'Windows' ? 'Linux' : 'Windows';
+        $projectFile = $this->createProjectFile(<<<YAML
+sources:
+  - path: os-current.php
+    if: PHP_OS_FAMILY == "{$osFamily}"
+  - path: os-not-windows.php
+    if: PHP_OS_FAMILY != "{$otherFamily}"
+  - path: os-reversed.php
+    if: '"{$osFamily}" == PHP_OS_FAMILY'
+  - path: os-composite.php
+    if: PHP_OS_FAMILY == "{$osFamily}" && PHP_VERSION_ID >= 80000
+  - path: os-or.php
+    if: PHP_OS_FAMILY == "{$otherFamily}" || PHP_OS_FAMILY == "{$osFamily}"
+  - path: missing-os.php
+    if: PHP_OS_FAMILY == "{$otherFamily}" && PHP_OS_FAMILY != "{$osFamily}"
+YAML);
+        $projectDir = dirname($projectFile);
+        foreach (['current', 'not-windows', 'reversed', 'composite', 'or'] as $name) {
+            file_put_contents($projectDir . '/os-' . $name . '.php', "<?php\nfunction os_" . str_replace('-', '_', $name) . "(): void {}\n");
+        }
+
+        $files = $this->invokeMethod('parseProjectYaml', $projectFile);
+
+        foreach (['current', 'not-windows', 'reversed', 'composite', 'or'] as $name) {
+            $this->assertContains(realpath($projectDir . '/os-' . $name . '.php'), $files);
+        }
+        $this->assertNotContains($projectDir . '/missing-os.php', $files);
+    }
+
+    public function testParseProjectYamlRejectsUnsupportedPhpOsFamilyOperator(): void
+    {
+        $projectFile = $this->createProjectFile(<<<'YAML'
+sources:
+  - path: main.php
+    if: PHP_OS_FAMILY >= "Linux"
+YAML);
+
+        $this->expectException(\PhpAot\Php\Exception\TestError::class);
+        $this->expectExceptionMessage('Unsupported source condition');
+
+        $this->invokeMethod('parseProjectYaml', $projectFile);
+    }
+
+    public function testParseProjectYamlRejectsBarePhpVersionCondition(): void
+    {
+        $projectFile = $this->createProjectFile(<<<'YAML'
+sources:
+  - path: main.php
+    if: PHP_VERSION
+YAML);
+
+        $this->expectException(\PhpAot\Php\Exception\TestError::class);
+        $this->expectExceptionMessage('Unsupported source condition');
+
+        $this->invokeMethod('parseProjectYaml', $projectFile);
+    }
+
+    public function testParseProjectYamlRejectsUnsafeConditionalSourceExpression(): void
+    {
+        $projectFile = $this->createProjectFile(<<<'YAML'
+sources:
+  - path: main.php
+    if: PHP_VERSION_ID >= getenv("MIN_PHP")
+YAML);
+
+        $this->expectException(\PhpAot\Php\Exception\TestError::class);
+        $this->expectExceptionMessage('Unsupported source condition');
+
+        $this->invokeMethod('parseProjectYaml', $projectFile);
+    }
+
     public function testCCompileCommandOptionsKeepCommonUserConfiguration(): void
     {
         $this->setPropertyValue('userIncludePaths', ['/user/include']);
@@ -655,7 +860,7 @@ YAML);
     public function testGetNamespacedFuncNameWithUseFunction(): void
     {
         $this->setPropertyValue('useFunctions', [
-            'helper_func' => 'App\\Lib',
+            'helper_func' => 'App\\Lib\\helper_func',
         ]);
         $this->assertEquals(
             'App\\Lib\\helper_func',
@@ -678,7 +883,7 @@ YAML);
 
     public function testGetNamespacedFuncNameNotInUseFunctions(): void
     {
-        $this->setPropertyValue('useFunctions', ['other' => 'Some\\Ns']);
+        $this->setPropertyValue('useFunctions', ['other' => 'Some\\Ns\\other']);
         $this->assertEquals(
             'my_func',
             $this->compiler->getNamespacedFuncName('my_func')
diff --git a/phpunit/src/Context/FunctionContextTest.php b/phpunit/src/Context/FunctionContextTest.php
index 420cd85c..42044100 100644
--- a/phpunit/src/Context/FunctionContextTest.php
+++ b/phpunit/src/Context/FunctionContextTest.php
@@ -29,7 +29,6 @@ class FunctionContextTest extends TestCase
         $this->assertSame(0, $ctx->scopeLevel);
         $this->assertFalse($ctx->inLoop);
         $this->assertFalse($ctx->inClosure);
-        $this->assertFalse($ctx->inAssignExpr);
     }
 
     public function testEnterScopeIncrementsLevel(): void
@@ -72,9 +71,6 @@ class FunctionContextTest extends TestCase
         $ctx->inClosure = true;
         $this->assertTrue($ctx->inClosure);
 
-        $ctx->inAssignExpr = true;
-        $this->assertTrue($ctx->inAssignExpr);
-
         $ctx->tmpVarIndex = 5;
         $this->assertSame(5, $ctx->tmpVarIndex);
     }
diff --git a/phpunit/src/LoopOptimizerTest.php b/phpunit/src/LoopOptimizerTest.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..1e7242cf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/phpunit/src/LoopOptimizerTest.php
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+<?php
+
+use PhpAot\Php\CompilerTest;
+use PhpAot\Php\Exception\TestError;
+
+class LoopOptimizerTest extends \BaseTest
+{
+    private function compileToCpp(string $file): string
+    {
+        global $translator;
+
+        $compiler = CompilerTest::create(ROOT_PATH);
+        $translator = $compiler;
+        $testFile = __DIR__ . '/../code/' . $file;
+        $compiler->addFiles([$testFile]);
+        $compiler->prepareFile($testFile);
+        $compiler->convertFile($testFile);
+
+        $this->addToAssertionCount(1);
+        return ROOT_PATH . '/build/phpunit/code/' . preg_replace('/\.php$/', '.cc', $file);
+    }
+
+    public function testForBoundInternalConstantIsFolded(): void
+    {
+        try {
+            $outputFile = $this->compileToCpp('loop/internal-constant-for-bound.php');
+        } catch (TestError $e) {
+            $this->fail($e->getMessage());
+        }
+
+        $code = file_get_contents($outputFile);
+        $this->assertStringNotContainsString('PHP_FD_SETSIZE', $code);
+        $this->assertStringNotContainsString('php::constant', $code);
+        $this->assertStringContainsString('1024L', $code);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/phpunit/src/NativePropertyTest.php b/phpunit/src/NativePropertyTest.php
index 11c31544..e1c8763f 100644
--- a/phpunit/src/NativePropertyTest.php
+++ b/phpunit/src/NativePropertyTest.php
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ use PhpAot\Php\Exception\TestError;
 
 class NativePropertyTest extends \BaseTest
 {
-    private function compile(string $file): string
+    private function compileNativeProperty(string $file): string
     {
         global $translator;
 
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ class NativePropertyTest extends \BaseTest
     public function testFindNativePropertyUsesFullClassNameAcrossBranches(): void
     {
         try {
-            $this->compile('native-property-full-name.php');
+            $this->compileNativeProperty('native-property-full-name.php');
         } catch (TestError $e) {
             $this->fail($e->getMessage());
         }
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ class NativePropertyTest extends \BaseTest
     public function testStaticStaticPropertyUsesDynamicCalledClassPath(): void
     {
         try {
-            $outputFile = $this->compile('native-property-full-name.php');
+            $outputFile = $this->compileNativeProperty('native-property-full-name.php');
         } catch (TestError $e) {
             $this->fail($e->getMessage());
         }
diff --git a/phpunit/src/PreprocessorTest.php b/phpunit/src/PreprocessorTest.php
index 19f2ae39..471092a9 100644
--- a/phpunit/src/PreprocessorTest.php
+++ b/phpunit/src/PreprocessorTest.php
@@ -207,17 +207,20 @@ class PreprocessorTest extends TestCase
 
     public function testGetParentClassWithNamespace(): void
     {
-        $extends = new Node\Name('BaseController');
-        $this->setProperty('namespace', 'App\\Controllers');
-        $result = $this->invokeMethod('getParentClass', $extends);
-        $this->assertEquals('App\\Controllers\\BaseController', $result);
+        $this->setProperty('classExtends', [
+            'app\\controllers\\homecontroller' => 'app\\controllers\\basecontroller',
+        ]);
+        $result = $this->compiler->getParentClass('App\\Controllers\\HomeController');
+        $this->assertEquals('app\\controllers\\basecontroller', $result);
     }
 
     public function testGetParentClassFullyQualified(): void
     {
-        $extends = new Node\Name\FullyQualified('App\\Entity\\Base');
-        $result = $this->invokeMethod('getParentClass', $extends);
-        $this->assertEquals('App\\Entity\\Base', $result);
+        $this->setProperty('classExtends', [
+            'app\\entity\\user' => 'app\\entity\\base',
+        ]);
+        $result = $this->compiler->getParentClass('\\App\\Entity\\User');
+        $this->assertEquals('app\\entity\\base', $result);
     }
 
     // ========================================================================
diff --git a/phpunit/src/UndefineTest.php b/phpunit/src/UndefineTest.php
index 3924ec4b..0d53fa76 100644
--- a/phpunit/src/UndefineTest.php
+++ b/phpunit/src/UndefineTest.php
@@ -20,11 +20,11 @@ class UndefineTest extends \BaseTest
 
     public function testPropertyAccessOnUndefinedVar(): void
     {
-        $this->exec('The variable `$obj` is undefined', 'undefined-prop-access.php');
+        $this->compile('undefined-prop-access.php');
     }
 
     public function testMethodCallOnUndefinedVar(): void
     {
         $this->exec('The variable `$obj` is undefined', 'undefined-method-call.php');
     }
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
diff --git a/phpunit/src/UniversalMethodCallTest.php b/phpunit/src/UniversalMethodCallTest.php
index 68d3b20b..154e8436 100644
--- a/phpunit/src/UniversalMethodCallTest.php
+++ b/phpunit/src/UniversalMethodCallTest.php
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ class UniversalMethodCallTest extends \BaseTest
 
     public function testVoidMethodCall()
     {
-        $this->exec('Cannot call method on void', 'void-method-call.php');
+        $this->compile('void-method-call.php');
     }
 
 }
diff --git a/src/Php/ArgInfo.php b/src/Php/ArgInfo.php
index 03d528b3..71ba32c3 100644
--- a/src/Php/ArgInfo.php
+++ b/src/Php/ArgInfo.php
@@ -21,6 +21,13 @@ class ArgInfo
     public ?ArrayInitPlan $arrayInitPlan = null;
     public ?Expr $defaultValue = null;
     public string $class = '';
+
+    /**
+     * Object type declared in the PHP signature, including interfaces.
+     * Unlike $class, this is only an assignment/type-check constraint and must
+     * not be used for typed-object native-call dispatch.
+     */
+    public string $declaredClass = '';
     public bool $byRef = false;
     public bool $variadic = false;
     public bool $nullable = false;
diff --git a/src/Php/CompilerBase.php b/src/Php/CompilerBase.php
index 7b1a8d07..e70e77c5 100644
--- a/src/Php/CompilerBase.php
+++ b/src/Php/CompilerBase.php
@@ -125,6 +125,8 @@ class CompilerBase extends \PhpAot\Core\Translator implements PropertyAccessCont
         'toBigFloat' => self::TYPE_BIGFLOAT,
         'toDecimal'  => self::TYPE_DECIMAL,
         'toObject'   => self::TYPE_OBJECT,
+        'toAny'      => self::TYPE_VAR,
+        'toRef'      => self::TYPE_REF,
     ];
 
     private const array STREAM_FUNCTIONS = [
@@ -529,6 +531,17 @@ class CompilerBase extends \PhpAot\Core\Translator implements PropertyAccessCont
         return $this->context->objects[$object] ?? 'stdClass';
     }
 
+    protected function getDeclaredObjectType(string $object): string
+    {
+        if (isset($this->context->declaredObjects[$object])) {
+            return $this->context->declaredObjects[$object];
+        }
+        if (isset($this->context->objects[$object]) || isset($this->context->stableObjects[$object])) {
+            return $this->getObjectType($object);
+        }
+        return '';
+    }
+
     public function parseExpr(NodeAbstract $expr): string
     {
         if ($expr->hasAttribute('replace')) {
@@ -1775,6 +1788,66 @@ class CompilerBase extends \PhpAot\Core\Translator implements PropertyAccessCont
         return '';
     }
 
+    protected function detectDeclaredClassOfExpr(NodeAbstract $expr): string
+    {
+        // 对象表达式有两类类型信息：
+        // 1. detectClassOfExpr() 返回“实际可推断的类”，例如 new Foo()、typed object 变量；
+        // 2. getDeclaredObjectType() 返回变量声明/首次赋值记录的 declared type，可能是接口或抽象类。
+        // 参数和属性赋值检查需要先使用实际类；实际类不可知时才退回 declared type。
+        $class = $this->detectClassOfExpr($expr);
+        if ($class !== '') {
+            return $class;
+        }
+        if ($this->isVarExpr($expr)) {
+            return $this->getDeclaredObjectType($this->parseVariable($expr));
+        }
+        return '';
+    }
+
+    protected function isObjectClassStaticallyAssignableTo(string $class, string $expected): bool
+    {
+        // 这个函数只回答“编译器在静态阶段能否证明 $class is-a $expected”。
+        // 这里禁止使用 class_exists()/interface_exists()/is_a() 去查询当前运行编译器的 PHP 进程：
+        // - 编译器进程已加载的 Composer/工具类，不等价于被编译项目运行时可用的类；
+        // - 自举编译时还会把编译器自身依赖的外部库误判为项目静态类；
+        // - AOT 的静态判断必须只依赖 hasClass()/hasInterface() 记录的项目类图，或明确的内置类/接口。
+        // 如果类不属于这些集合，说明它是动态类/外部库类，不能在这里静态判定，应返回 false，
+        // 由调用处决定是延迟到运行时 php::toObject()/TypeCheck，还是因为确定 concrete mismatch 而 fatal。
+        $class = ltrim($class, '\\');
+        $expected = ltrim($expected, '\\');
+        if (strcasecmp($class, $expected) === 0) {
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        if (!$this->hasClass($class)
+            && !$this->hasInterface($class)
+            && !$this->isInternalClass($class)
+            && !$this->isInternalInterface($class)
+        ) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        return $this->isInheritedFrom($class, $expected);
+    }
+
+    protected function isKnownConcreteObjectExpr(NodeAbstract $expr, string $class): bool
+    {
+        // “已知 concrete object” 的要求比“表达式写着 new SomeClass”更严格：
+        // 只有 AOT 项目类图中的类或内置类，编译器才能在静态阶段确认其继承关系。
+        // 外部库类即使出现在 new 表达式中，也不能用当前编译器进程的反射信息判定，
+        // 否则会把编译器/Composer 运行环境泄漏进被编译项目的类型系统。
+        if ($class === '' || $this->isInterface($class) || $this->isAbstractClass($class)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (!$this->hasClass($class) && !$this->isInternalClass($class)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (!$this->isNewExpr($expr) || !$this->isNameExpr($expr->class)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        return $this->parseIdentifier($expr->class) !== 'static';
+    }
+
     protected function resolveClassNameArg(NodeAbstract $arg): string
     {
         if ($this->isScalarString($arg)) {
@@ -1829,27 +1902,25 @@ class CompilerBase extends \PhpAot\Core\Translator implements PropertyAccessCont
             $returnType = self::TYPE_VAR;
         }
 
+        $returnObjectCheckClass = '';
         // 返回值的表达式是一个类的对象
-        $objectClass = $this->detectClassOfExpr($v->expr);
-        $returnClass = $this->getReturnClass();
+        $objectClass = $this->detectDeclaredClassOfExpr($v->expr);
+        $returnClass = $this->context->inClosure ? '' : $this->getReturnClass();
         if ($returnClass) {
-            if (!$objectClass or $this->hasInterface($objectClass)) {
-                // TODO 返回值的类型无法确定，或者是一个接口，无法继承关系，需要插入动态类型检测代码
-            } elseif (!$this->isInheritedFrom($objectClass, $returnClass)) {
-                $this->fatalError($v, 'The return type is `' . $returnClass . '`, cannot return an instance of `' . $objectClass . '`');
-            }
-            // 把子类当做父类返回时，父类必须是抽象类或者接口
-            // 仅原生类进行静态检查，若类不存在，说明该类是动态类，无法进行编译期验证
-            if ($objectClass and $objectClass !== $returnClass
-                and $this->hasClass($returnClass)
-                and !$this->isAbstractClass($returnClass)
-                and !$this->hasInterface($returnClass)
-                and !$this->isInternalInterface($returnClass)) {
-                $this->fatalError($v, "When returning a subclass `$objectClass` instance as parent type, the parent class `$returnClass` must be abstract/interface");
+            if ($objectClass === '') {
+                $returnObjectCheckClass = $returnClass;
+            } elseif (!$this->isObjectClassStaticallyAssignableTo($objectClass, $returnClass)) {
+                if ($this->isKnownConcreteObjectExpr($v->expr, $objectClass)) {
+                    $this->fatalError($v, 'The return type is `' . $returnClass . '`, cannot return an instance of `' . $objectClass . '`');
+                }
+                $returnObjectCheckClass = $returnClass;
             }
         }
 
         $exprCode = $this->convertExprType($expr, $returnType, $type);
+        if ($returnObjectCheckClass !== '') {
+            $exprCode = $this->convertObjectExpr($exprCode, $this->getClassEntryPtr($returnObjectCheckClass));
+        }
         // Union/nullable return type: always use tmpVar for runtime check
         if ($this->shouldCheckClosureReturnType()) {
             [$code, $tmpVar] = $this->genClosureCheckedReturnAssignment($exprCode);
@@ -1989,9 +2060,10 @@ class CompilerBase extends \PhpAot\Core\Translator implements PropertyAccessCont
 
     protected function addObject(string $name, string $class): void
     {
-        // 接口、抽象类、非原生类，无法作为 TypedObject 使用
-        if (!$this->isInterface($class) and !$this->isAbstractClass($class) and
-            ($this->isNativeClass($class) or $this->isInternalClass($class))) {
+        // Interfaces have no concrete method body for native calls. Abstract classes may have concrete methods.
+        if ($this->isInterface($class)) {
+            $this->context->declaredObjects[$name] = $class;
+        } elseif ($this->isNativeClass($class) or $this->isInternalClass($class)) {
             $this->context->objects[$name] = $class;
         }
     }
@@ -3716,7 +3788,7 @@ class CompilerBase extends \PhpAot\Core\Translator implements PropertyAccessCont
                 }
                 $namedArgs[$arg->name->name] = true;
                 $byRef = $funcName && $this->isReferenceNamedArgument($funcName, $className, $arg->name->name);
-                $value = ($byRef || $this->isRefvalCall($arg->value))
+                $value = ($byRef || $this->isRefvalCall($arg->value) || $this->isToRefCall($arg->value))
                     ? $this->parseReferenceCallArgValue($arg)
                     : $this->parseCallArgValue($arg);
                 if ($separateNamedArgs) {
@@ -3784,26 +3856,20 @@ class CompilerBase extends \PhpAot\Core\Translator implements PropertyAccessCont
                     $this->addPositionalCallArg($array . '.itemRef(' . $this->identifierToStr($arg->value->dim) . ')', $arrayArgsVar, $list_args);
                     continue;
                 }
-            } elseif ($this->isFuncCallExpr($arg->value)) {
-                if ($this->isNameExpr($arg->value->name) and $arg->value->name->toString() === 'refval') {
-                    if (count($arg->value->args) !== 1) {
-                        $this->fatalError($arg, 'The refval function only accepts one parameter');
-                    }
-                    $inner = $arg->value->args[0]->value;
-                    if ($this->isVarExpr($inner)) {
-                        $name = $this->parseVariable($inner);
-                        // 消除 refval() 函数调用，直接使用变量
-                        $arg->value = $inner;
-                        $this->addPositionalCallArg($this->parseArgRefVar($arg, $name), $arrayArgsVar, $list_args);
-                        continue;
-                    }
-                    $expr = $this->expandRefvalExpr($inner, $arg);
-                    if ($expr !== null) {
-                        $this->addPositionalCallArg($expr, $arrayArgsVar, $list_args);
-                        continue;
-                    }
-                    $this->fatalError($arg, 'The refval function only accepts a variable, array element, or object property');
+            } elseif ($this->isReferenceWrapperCall($arg->value)) {
+                $inner = $this->unwrapReferenceWrapperCall($arg->value, $arg);
+                if ($this->isVarExpr($inner)) {
+                    $name = $this->parseVariable($inner);
+                    $arg->value = $inner;
+                    $this->addPositionalCallArg($this->parseArgRefVar($arg, $name), $arrayArgsVar, $list_args);
+                    continue;
+                }
+                $expr = $this->expandRefvalExpr($inner, $arg);
+                if ($expr !== null) {
+                    $this->addPositionalCallArg($expr, $arrayArgsVar, $list_args);
+                    continue;
                 }
+                $this->fatalError($arg, 'The refval function only accepts a variable, array element, or object property');
             } else {
                 if ($byRef) {
                     if ($this->isScalar($arg->value)) {
@@ -3934,11 +4000,8 @@ class CompilerBase extends \PhpAot\Core\Translator implements PropertyAccessCont
 
     protected function parseReferenceCallArgValue(Node\Arg $arg): string
     {
-        if ($this->isRefvalCall($arg->value)) {
-            if (count($arg->value->args) !== 1) {
-                $this->fatalError($arg, 'The refval function only accepts one parameter');
-            }
-            $arg->value = $arg->value->args[0]->value;
+        if ($this->isReferenceWrapperCall($arg->value)) {
+            $arg->value = $this->unwrapReferenceWrapperCall($arg->value, $arg);
         }
 
         if ($this->isVarExpr($arg->value)) {
@@ -3976,6 +4039,37 @@ class CompilerBase extends \PhpAot\Core\Translator implements PropertyAccessCont
         return '&' . $tmpRef;
     }
 
+    protected function isToRefCall(NodeAbstract $expr): bool
+    {
+        return $this->isMethodCall($expr)
+            && $this->isNamedMethod($expr->name)
+            && $expr->name->toString() === 'toRef';
+    }
+
+    protected function isReferenceWrapperCall(NodeAbstract $expr): bool
+    {
+        return $this->isRefvalCall($expr) || $this->isToRefCall($expr);
+    }
+
+    protected function unwrapReferenceWrapperCall(NodeAbstract $expr, NodeAbstract $errorNode): NodeAbstract
+    {
+        if ($this->isRefvalCall($expr)) {
+            if (count($expr->args) !== 1) {
+                $this->fatalError($errorNode, 'The refval function only accepts one parameter');
+            }
+            return $expr->args[0]->value;
+        }
+
+        if ($this->isToRefCall($expr)) {
+            if (!empty($expr->args)) {
+                $this->fatalError($errorNode, 'The toRef method does not accept parameters');
+            }
+            return $expr->var;
+        }
+
+        $this->fatalError($errorNode, 'Expected a reference wrapper call');
+    }
+
     /**
      * 展开 refval() 调用中的数组元素或对象属性，返回对应的 C++ 引用表达式。
      * 若为普通变量则返回 null，由调用方自行处理。
@@ -4654,6 +4748,9 @@ class CompilerBase extends \PhpAot\Core\Translator implements PropertyAccessCont
         if ($name === 'PHP_EOL') {
             return '"' . $this->escapeString(PHP_EOL) . '"';
         }
+        if ($this->isInternalScalarConstant($name)) {
+            return $this->getInternalScalarConstantValue($name);
+        }
         if ($scalar) {
             return constant($expr->name);
         }
@@ -4768,8 +4865,35 @@ class CompilerBase extends \PhpAot\Core\Translator implements PropertyAccessCont
 
     protected function isInheritedFrom(string $class, string $expected): bool
     {
+        // 继承关系判断的唯一入口。调用者不应直接使用 PHP 运行时反射函数判断普通项目类。
+        // 对 AOT 已扫描到的项目类/接口，必须走 classDef/interfaceDef 中的 extends/implements 图；
+        // 对 PHP 内置类/接口，可以使用 Zend 运行时反射，因为这部分属于目标 PHP 运行时的固定能力；
+        // 对动态类返回 true 表示“静态阶段无法否定”，后续必须保留运行时检查兜底。
+        $class = ltrim($class, '\\');
+        $expected = ltrim($expected, '\\');
+        if (strcasecmp($class, $expected) === 0) {
+            return true;
+        }
+
         $internal = ($this->isInternalClass($expected) or $this->isInternalInterface($expected));
         $isInterface = ($this->hasInterface($expected) or $this->isInternalInterface($expected));
+
+        if ($this->hasInterface($class)) {
+            if (!$isInterface) {
+                return false;
+            }
+            return $this->interfaceExtends($class, $expected);
+        }
+
+        if ($this->isInternalClass($class) or $this->isInternalInterface($class)) {
+            // 只允许内置类型之间使用 Zend 的继承关系。这里不是查询任意用户类，
+            // 因此不会把编译器进程加载过的外部库类混入项目静态类型系统。
+            if (!$internal) {
+                return false;
+            }
+            return is_subclass_of($class, $expected);
+        }
+
         // 类不存在，说明这是一个动态类，跳过静态检查，需要运行时检查
         if (!$this->hasClass($class)) {
             return true;
@@ -4789,6 +4913,9 @@ class CompilerBase extends \PhpAot\Core\Translator implements PropertyAccessCont
                             return true;
                         }
                         if (!$this->hasInterface($check)) {
+                            if ($internal && $this->isInternalInterface($check) && is_subclass_of($check, $expected)) {
+                                return true;
+                            }
                             continue;
                         }
                         $interfaceDef = $this->getInterface($check);
@@ -4796,9 +4923,6 @@ class CompilerBase extends \PhpAot\Core\Translator implements PropertyAccessCont
                             $stack[] = $parentIface;
                         }
                     }
-                    if (is_subclass_of($iface, $expected)) {
-                        return true;
-                    }
                 }
             } else {
                 if (strcasecmp($class, $expected) === 0) {
@@ -4817,23 +4941,48 @@ class CompilerBase extends \PhpAot\Core\Translator implements PropertyAccessCont
                 return false;
             }
             $class = $classDef->extends;
+            if ($this->isInternalClass($class)) {
+                // 项目类可以继承内置类。进入内置父类链后，后续关系交给 Zend 判断；
+                // 但 expected 也必须是内置类/接口，否则不能跨到外部用户类命名空间做运行时反射。
+                return $internal && is_subclass_of($class, $expected);
+            }
             $classDef = $this->getClass($class);
         }
     }
 
+    private function interfaceExtends(string $interface, string $expected): bool
+    {
+        // 接口继承需要单独处理，因为 interfaceDef 没有 classDef 的父类链。
+        // 这里同样只遍历 AOT 已知接口图；遇到内置接口时，才允许使用 Zend 的 is_subclass_of()。
+        $stack = [$interface];
+        while ($stack) {
+            $check = array_pop($stack);
+            if (strcasecmp($check, $expected) === 0) {
+                return true;
+            }
+            if (!$this->hasInterface($check)) {
+                if ($this->isInternalInterface($check) && $this->isInternalInterface($expected) && is_subclass_of($check, $expected)) {
+                    return true;
+                }
+                continue;
+            }
+            $interfaceDef = $this->getInterface($check);
+            foreach ($interfaceDef->extendsList ?: ($interfaceDef->extends ? [$interfaceDef->extends] : []) as $parentInterface) {
+                $stack[] = $parentInterface;
+            }
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
     protected function getTypeConvertedArg(Node\Arg $arg, ArgInfo $argInfo): string
     {
         $type = $this->detectTypeOfExpr($arg->value);
         $this->assertExprCanBeUsedAsValue($arg->value, 'function argument');
 
         if ($argInfo->byRef) {
-            if ($this->isRefvalCall($arg->value)) {
-                if (count($arg->value->args) !== 1) {
-                    $this->fatalError($arg, 'The refval function only accepts one parameter');
-                }
-                $inner = $arg->value->args[0]->value;
+            if ($this->isReferenceWrapperCall($arg->value)) {
+                $inner = $this->unwrapReferenceWrapperCall($arg->value, $arg);
                 if ($this->isVarExpr($inner)) {
-                    // 消除 refval() 函数调用，直接使用变量
                     $arg->value = $inner;
                 } else {
                     $expr = $this->expandRefvalExpr($inner, $arg);
@@ -4866,17 +5015,25 @@ class CompilerBase extends \PhpAot\Core\Translator implements PropertyAccessCont
         }
 
         if ($argInfo->type === self::TYPE_OBJECT) {
-            if ($this->isVarExpr($arg->value)) {
-                $object = $this->parseVariable($arg->value);
-                if ($this->isTypedObject($object)) {
-                    $class = $this->getObjectType($object);
-                    if ($class and $argInfo->class and !$this->isInheritedFrom($class, $argInfo->class)) {
+            $declaredClass = $argInfo->declaredClass ?: $argInfo->class;
+            if ($declaredClass !== '') {
+                $class = $this->detectDeclaredClassOfExpr($arg->value);
+                if ($class !== '') {
+                    // native call 是性能热点，若静态阶段已经证明实参 is-a 声明类型，
+                    // 就不要再生成 php::toObject($expr, target_ce) 做重复运行时检查。
+                    // 如果无法证明，但右值是已知 concrete object，说明一定不兼容，直接编译期 fatal；
+                    // 其他动态/外部库/any 场景保留 php::toObject() 作为运行时兜底。
+                    if ($this->isObjectClassStaticallyAssignableTo($class, $declaredClass)) {
+                        return $type === self::TYPE_OBJECT ? $expr : $this->convertObjectExpr($expr);
+                    }
+                    if ($this->isKnownConcreteObjectExpr($arg->value, $class)) {
                         $argName = $argInfo->phpName ?: $this->unescapeVarName($argInfo->name);
-                        $this->fatalError($arg, "Argument `{$argName}` must be an instance of `{$argInfo->class}`, `{$class}` given");
+                        $this->fatalError($arg, "Argument `{$argName}` must be an instance of `{$declaredClass}`, `{$class}` given");
                     }
                 }
+                return $this->convertObjectExpr($expr, $this->getClassEntryPtr($declaredClass));
             }
-            return $this->convertObjectExpr($expr);
+            return $type === self::TYPE_OBJECT ? $expr : $this->convertObjectExpr($expr);
         }
 
         return $this->convertExprType($expr, $argInfo->type, $type);
@@ -4978,6 +5135,8 @@ class CompilerBase extends \PhpAot\Core\Translator implements PropertyAccessCont
         }
 
         if ($def->class === '' or $this->isAbstractClass($def->class) or $this->isInterface($def->class) or !$this->hasClass($def->class)) {
+            // 属性 declared class 若是接口、抽象类或动态类，当前属性布局优化无法静态确认最终对象类型。
+            // 不在这里 fatal；后续 wrapObjectPropertyAssignTypeCheck() 会在需要时插入运行时检查。
             return;
         }
 
@@ -4986,7 +5145,7 @@ class CompilerBase extends \PhpAot\Core\Translator implements PropertyAccessCont
         if ($rightClass === '') {
             return;
         }
-        if ($rightClass !== $def->class) {
+        if (!$this->isObjectClassStaticallyAssignableTo($rightClass, $def->class)) {
             $this->fatalError(
                 $left,
                 "Cannot assign object of class `{$rightClass}` to {$label} `{$propName}` of class `{$def->class}`"
@@ -5483,6 +5642,41 @@ class CompilerBase extends \PhpAot\Core\Translator implements PropertyAccessCont
         return self::TYPE_VAR;
     }
 
+    protected function isInternalScalarConstant(string $name): bool
+    {
+        return $this->isInternalConstant($name) && is_scalar($this->internalConstants[$name]);
+    }
+
+    protected function getInternalScalarConstantValue(string $name): string|int|float
+    {
+        $value = $this->internalConstants[$name];
+        if (is_int($value)) {
+            if ($value === PHP_INT_MIN) {
+                return 'LONG_MIN';
+            }
+            if ($value === PHP_INT_MAX) {
+                return 'LONG_MAX';
+            }
+            return $value . 'L';
+        }
+        if (is_float($value)) {
+            if (is_nan($value)) {
+                return self::VALUE_NAN;
+            }
+            if (is_infinite($value)) {
+                return $value > 0 ? self::VALUE_INF : '-' . self::VALUE_INF;
+            }
+            return $this->genCValue($value);
+        }
+        if (is_bool($value)) {
+            return $value ? 1 : 0;
+        }
+        if (is_string($value)) {
+            return $this->genCharPtr($value, true);
+        }
+        $this->error('Unsupported constant type: ' . gettype($value));
+    }
+
     protected function parseSwitch(Node\Stmt\Switch_ $v): string
     {
         $cond    = $v->cond;
@@ -6129,7 +6323,7 @@ class CompilerBase extends \PhpAot\Core\Translator implements PropertyAccessCont
         }
         $receiver = $this->parseExpr($expr->args[0]->value);
         $className = $this->resolveClassNameArg($expr->args[1]->value);
-        return 'php::toObject(' . $receiver . ', ' . $this->getClassEntryPtr($className) . ', true)';
+        return 'php::toObject(' . $receiver . ', ' . $this->getClassEntryPtr($className) . ')';
     }
 
     protected function genToObjectCall(Expr\MethodCall $expr, string $receiver): string
@@ -6138,7 +6332,15 @@ class CompilerBase extends \PhpAot\Core\Translator implements PropertyAccessCont
             return 'php::toObject(' . $receiver . ')';
         }
         $className = $this->resolveClassNameArg($expr->args[0]->value);
-        return 'php::toObject(' . $receiver . ', ' . $this->getClassEntryPtr($className) . ', true)';
+        return 'php::toObject(' . $receiver . ', ' . $this->getClassEntryPtr($className) . ')';
+    }
+
+    protected function genToRefCall(Expr\MethodCall $expr): string
+    {
+        if (!empty($expr->args)) {
+            $this->fatalError($expr, 'The toRef method does not accept parameters');
+        }
+        return $this->parseChainedExpr($expr->var, self::OP_REFVAL);
     }
 
     protected function parseMethodCall(Expr\MethodCall $expr): string
@@ -6173,6 +6375,12 @@ class CompilerBase extends \PhpAot\Core\Translator implements PropertyAccessCont
                 if ($methodName === 'toObject') {
                     return $this->genToObjectCall($expr, $object);
                 }
+                if ($methodName === 'toRef') {
+                    return $this->genToRefCall($expr);
+                }
+                if ($methodName === 'toAny' && !empty($expr->args)) {
+                    $this->fatalError($expr, 'The toAny method does not accept parameters');
+                }
                 return $this->genToConvertCall($object, $methodName, $receiverType);
             }
             // __ keyword extensions
@@ -6516,7 +6724,7 @@ class CompilerBase extends \PhpAot\Core\Translator implements PropertyAccessCont
         return $this->getNativePropertyAccess($expr)?->getClassDef();
     }
 
-    private function getNativePropertyAccess(NodeAbstract $expr): ?NativePropertyAccess
+    public function getNativePropertyAccess(NodeAbstract $expr): ?NativePropertyAccess
     {
         $access = $expr->getAttribute('nativePropertyAccess');
         return $access instanceof NativePropertyAccess ? $access : null;
diff --git a/src/Php/Context/FunctionContext.php b/src/Php/Context/FunctionContext.php
index fb700706..b2e4ebc5 100644
--- a/src/Php/Context/FunctionContext.php
+++ b/src/Php/Context/FunctionContext.php
@@ -29,6 +29,13 @@ class FunctionContext
      */
     public array $objects = [];
 
+    /**
+     * Declared object constraints that are not used for native-call dispatch.
+     *
+     * @var array<string, string>
+     */
+    public array $declaredObjects = [];
+
     /**
      * @var array<string, array>
      */
@@ -76,6 +83,7 @@ class FunctionContext
         $this->staticVars = [];
         $this->arguments = [];
         $this->objects = [];
+        $this->declaredObjects = [];
         $this->stdArrays = [];
         $this->stdContainers = [];
         $this->objectProps = [];
@@ -106,10 +114,11 @@ class FunctionContext
         unset($this->scopeLayouts[$this->scopeLevel]);
     }
 
-    public function resetAnalysisTemporaries(array $localVars, int $tmpVarIndex): void
+    public function resetAnalysisTemporaries(array $localVars, int $tmpVarIndex, array $declaredObjects): void
     {
         $this->localVars = $localVars;
         $this->tmpVarIndex = $tmpVarIndex;
+        $this->declaredObjects = $declaredObjects;
         $this->beforeStmtLines = [];
         $this->afterStmtLines = [];
         $this->objectProps = [];
diff --git a/src/Php/Parser/AssignOpTrait.php b/src/Php/Parser/AssignOpTrait.php
index 4f7f2317..2f359686 100644
--- a/src/Php/Parser/AssignOpTrait.php
+++ b/src/Php/Parser/AssignOpTrait.php
@@ -147,6 +147,8 @@ trait AssignOpTrait
         $propertyWriteTarget = $this->preparePropertyWriteTarget($left);
         $type = $this->detectTypeOfExpr($right);
         $finalVarType = $this->getNormalAssignType($type);
+        $runtimeObjectAssignClass = '';
+        $rightExprOverride = null;
         if ($type === self::TYPE_VOID) {
             $type = self::TYPE_VAR;
         }
@@ -169,11 +171,16 @@ trait AssignOpTrait
                 if (!$this->hasVar($var)) {
                     $this->addLocalVar($var, self::TYPE_OBJECT);
                     $this->addObject($var, $rightClass);
-                } elseif ($this->isTypedObject($var)) {
-                    $leftClass = $this->getObjectType($var);
-                    // 对象的类不一致，不能互相赋值，必须使用 toObject() 对齐类型
-                    // 注意这里必须使用绝对相等比较，即使存在继承关系，类的方法也可能不一致
-                    if ($leftClass !== $rightClass) {
+                } elseif (($leftClass = $this->getDeclaredObjectType($var)) !== '') {
+                    if ($this->isObjectClassStaticallyAssignableTo($rightClass, $leftClass)) {
+                        // A child object can be assigned to a parent typed object.
+                    } elseif ($this->isInterface($rightClass) || $this->isAbstractClass($rightClass) || $this->isObjectClassStaticallyAssignableTo($leftClass, $rightClass)) {
+                        if ($this->isKnownConcreteObjectExpr($right, $rightClass)) {
+                            $this->fatalError($left, "Cannot re-assign typed object `\${$var}` from `{$leftClass}` to `{$rightClass}`");
+                        }
+                        // Parent/interface/abstract declarations are not precise enough for a concrete typed object.
+                        $runtimeObjectAssignClass = $leftClass;
+                    } else {
                         $this->fatalError($left, "Cannot re-assign typed object `\${$var}` from `{$leftClass}` to `{$rightClass}`");
                     }
                 } else {
@@ -199,8 +206,9 @@ trait AssignOpTrait
                         if (!$this->hasVar($var)) {
                             $this->addLocalVar($var, $type);
                             $finalVarType = $type;
+                            return $var . ' = ' . $this->parseIdentifier($right->args[0]->value);
                         }
-                        return $var . ' = ' . $this->parseIdentifier($right->args[0]->value);
+                        $rightExprOverride = $this->parseIdentifier($right->args[0]->value);
                     } else {
                         $type = $type === self::TYPE_VOID ? self::TYPE_VAR : $type;
                     }
@@ -241,10 +249,16 @@ trait AssignOpTrait
                     $rightVar = $this->parseIdentifier($right);
                     $type = $this->isStdContainer($rightVar) ? self::TYPE_ARRAY : $this->getVarType($rightVar);
                     $finalVarType = $this->getNormalAssignType($type);
-                    if ($this->isTypedObject($rightVar) and $this->isTypedObject($var)) {
-                        $leftClass = $this->getObjectType($var);
-                        $rightClass = $this->getObjectType($rightVar);
-                        $this->fatalError($left, "Cannot re-assign typed object `\${$var}` from `{$leftClass}` to `{$rightClass}`");
+                    $leftClass = $this->getDeclaredObjectType($var);
+                    $rightClass = $this->getDeclaredObjectType($rightVar);
+                    if ($leftClass !== '' and $rightClass !== '') {
+                        if ($this->isObjectClassStaticallyAssignableTo($rightClass, $leftClass)) {
+                            // A child object can be assigned to a parent typed object.
+                        } elseif ($this->isInterface($rightClass) || $this->isAbstractClass($rightClass) || $this->isObjectClassStaticallyAssignableTo($leftClass, $rightClass)) {
+                            $runtimeObjectAssignClass = $leftClass;
+                        } else {
+                            $this->fatalError($left, "Cannot re-assign typed object `\${$var}` from `{$leftClass}` to `{$rightClass}`");
+                        }
                     }
                 }
                 // 变量第一次被赋值，确定其类型，由于 PHP 的变量作用域是 function 级的，在 for/while 块中声明的变量，可以在块外使用
@@ -255,6 +269,10 @@ trait AssignOpTrait
                 } else {
                     $finalVarType = $this->getVarType($var);
                     $this->checkVarAssignExpr($left, $finalVarType, $type);
+                    $declaredObjectClass = $this->getDeclaredObjectType($var);
+                    if ($finalVarType === self::TYPE_OBJECT && $declaredObjectClass !== '' && ($type === self::TYPE_VAR || $type === self::TYPE_OBJECT)) {
+                        $runtimeObjectAssignClass = $declaredObjectClass;
+                    }
                 }
             }
         } elseif ($this->isPropertyFetch($left) and !$this->isNativePropertyAccess($left)) {
@@ -277,10 +295,13 @@ trait AssignOpTrait
         }
 
         $var = $this->parseWritableIdentifier($left);
-        $rightExpr = $this->parseAssignRightExpr($right);
+        $rightExpr = $rightExprOverride ?? $this->parseAssignRightExpr($right);
         if ($propertyWriteTarget !== null) {
             $rightExpr = $this->wrapPropertyWriteTypeCheck($propertyWriteTarget, $right, $rightExpr);
         }
+        if ($runtimeObjectAssignClass !== '') {
+            $rightExpr = 'php::toObject(' . $rightExpr . ', ' . $this->getClassEntryPtr($runtimeObjectAssignClass) . ')';
+        }
         $leftExprType = $this->detectTypeOfExpr($left);
         $rightExprType = $this->detectTypeOfExpr($right);
         if ($finalVarType === self::TYPE_VAR) {
diff --git a/src/Php/Parser/StdContainerTrait.php b/src/Php/Parser/StdContainerTrait.php
index 828cb642..f0c58c2f 100644
--- a/src/Php/Parser/StdContainerTrait.php
+++ b/src/Php/Parser/StdContainerTrait.php
@@ -541,12 +541,6 @@ trait StdContainerTrait
         } else {
             $class = $this->getNamespacedClassName($class);
         }
-        if ($this->hasInterface($class)) {
-            $this->fatalError($expr, "{$owner} class value cannot use interface `{$class}`");
-        }
-        if ($this->isAbstractClass($class)) {
-            $this->fatalError($expr, "{$owner} class value cannot use abstract class `{$class}`");
-        }
         return $class;
     }
 
@@ -563,12 +557,12 @@ trait StdContainerTrait
         }
         $rightClass = $this->detectClassOfExpr($expr);
         if ($rightClass !== '') {
-            if ($rightClass !== $class) {
+            if (!$this->isObjectClassStaticallyAssignableTo($rightClass, $class)) {
                 $this->fatalError($expr, "Cannot assign object of class `{$rightClass}` to std container value of class `{$class}`");
             }
         }
 
-        return 'php::toObject(' . $valueExpr . ', ' . $this->getClassEntryPtr($class) . ', true)';
+        return 'php::toObject(' . $valueExpr . ', ' . $this->getClassEntryPtr($class) . ')';
     }
 
     protected function convertStdVarBackedExpr(string $targetType, string $valueExpr, NodeAbstract $expr): string
diff --git a/src/Php/Preprocessor.php b/src/Php/Preprocessor.php
index fbe71578..87600c62 100644
--- a/src/Php/Preprocessor.php
+++ b/src/Php/Preprocessor.php
@@ -266,7 +266,10 @@ class Preprocessor extends CompilerBase
         ) {
             $argInfo->explicitMixed = in_array(strtolower($this->parseIdentifier($param->type)), ['mixed', 'any'], true);
         }
-        if ($class and !$this->hasInterface($class) and !$this->isAbstractClass($class)) {
+        if ($class) {
+            $argInfo->declaredClass = $class;
+        }
+        if ($class and !$this->hasInterface($class)) {
             $argInfo->class = $class;
         }
         return $type;
diff --git a/src/Php/Translator.php b/src/Php/Translator.php
index 02fea3b4..eff272fa 100644
--- a/src/Php/Translator.php
+++ b/src/Php/Translator.php
@@ -594,7 +594,7 @@ class Translator extends Preprocessor
             $this->sourceDirs[] = $path;
         } else {
             $ext = pathinfo($path, PATHINFO_EXTENSION);
-            if ($ext === 'yml') {
+            if ($ext === 'yml' || $ext === 'yaml') {
                 // YAML 配置模式：先解析 YAML
                 $list = $this->parseProjectYaml($path);
             } elseif ($ext === 'php') {
@@ -2031,7 +2031,11 @@ CODE;
                 $this->error('`sources` must be array');
             }
             $list = [];
-            foreach ($sources as $src) {
+            foreach ($sources as $sourceEntry) {
+                [$src, $condition] = $this->parseProjectYamlSourceEntry($sourceEntry);
+                if ($condition !== null && !$this->evaluateProjectYamlCondition($condition)) {
+                    continue;
+                }
                 $realPath = $this->getAbsolutePath($src, $projectDir);
                 if (!$realPath) {
                     $this->error('Source file not exists: `' . $src . '`');
@@ -2264,6 +2268,194 @@ CODE;
         return $this->filterIgnoredFiles($list);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return array{0: string, 1: string|null}
+     */
+    protected function parseProjectYamlSourceEntry(mixed $entry): array
+    {
+        if (is_string($entry)) {
+            return [$entry, null];
+        }
+        if (!is_array($entry)) {
+            $this->error('Each `sources` entry must be a string or map');
+        }
+
+        $path = $entry['path'] ?? $entry['source'] ?? $entry['file'] ?? null;
+        if (!is_string($path) || trim($path) === '') {
+            $this->error('Conditional `sources` entries must include a non-empty `path`');
+        }
+
+        $condition = $entry['if'] ?? $entry['when'] ?? null;
+        if ($condition !== null && !is_string($condition)) {
+            $this->error('Source condition must be a string');
+        }
+
+        return [$path, $condition];
+    }
+
+    protected function evaluateProjectYamlCondition(string $condition): bool
+    {
+        $condition = trim($condition);
+        if ($condition === '') {
+            $this->error('Source condition must not be empty');
+        }
+
+        $expr = $this->replaceProjectYamlPhpVersionComparisons($condition);
+        $expr = $this->replaceProjectYamlPhpOsFamilyComparisons($expr, $condition);
+        if (preg_match('/[A-Za-z_]/', $expr)) {
+            $this->error('Unsupported source condition: `' . $condition . '`');
+        }
+        if (!preg_match('/^[0-9\s<>=!&|().+-]+$/', $expr)) {
+            $this->error('Unsupported source condition: `' . $condition . '`');
+        }
+        if (preg_match('/(?<![&])&(?!&)|(?<![|])\|(?!\|)/', $expr)) {
+            $this->error('Unsupported source condition: `' . $condition . '`');
+        }
+
+        try {
+            /** @phpstan-ignore-next-line */
+            return (bool) eval('return (' . $expr . ');');
+        } catch (\ParseError|\Throwable) {
+            $this->error('Invalid source condition: `' . $condition . '`');
+        }
+    }
+
+    protected function replaceProjectYamlPhpVersionComparisons(string $condition): string
+    {
+        $versionLiteral = '"([^"\\\\]*(?:\\\\.[^"\\\\]*)*)"|\'([^\'\\\\]*(?:\\\\.[^\'\\\\]*)*)\'';
+        $operator = '(>=|<=|==|!=|<>|=|>|<|lt|le|gt|ge|eq|ne)';
+
+        $expr = preg_replace_callback(
+            '/\bPHP_VERSION_ID\b\s*' . $operator . '\s*([0-9]+)/i',
+            function (array $matches): string {
+                return version_compare(PHP_VERSION, $this->phpVersionIdToString((int) $matches[2]), $this->normalizeProjectYamlVersionOperator($matches[1])) ? '1' : '0';
+            },
+            $condition
+        );
+        if ($expr === null) {
+            $this->error('Invalid source condition: `' . $condition . '`');
+        }
+
+        $expr = preg_replace_callback(
+            '/([0-9]+)\s*' . $operator . '\s*\bPHP_VERSION_ID\b/i',
+            function (array $matches): string {
+                return version_compare($this->phpVersionIdToString((int) $matches[1]), PHP_VERSION, $this->normalizeProjectYamlVersionOperator($matches[2])) ? '1' : '0';
+            },
+            $expr
+        );
+        if ($expr === null) {
+            $this->error('Invalid source condition: `' . $condition . '`');
+        }
+
+        $expr = preg_replace_callback(
+            '/\bPHP_VERSION\b\s*' . $operator . '\s*(' . $versionLiteral . ')/i',
+            function (array $matches): string {
+                $version = stripcslashes(($matches[3] ?? '') !== '' ? $matches[3] : $matches[4]);
+                $this->assertProjectYamlVersionLiteral($version);
+                return version_compare(PHP_VERSION, $version, $this->normalizeProjectYamlVersionOperator($matches[1])) ? '1' : '0';
+            },
+            $expr
+        );
+        if ($expr === null) {
+            $this->error('Invalid source condition: `' . $condition . '`');
+        }
+
+        $expr = preg_replace_callback(
+            '/(' . $versionLiteral . ')\s*' . $operator . '\s*\bPHP_VERSION\b/i',
+            function (array $matches): string {
+                $version = stripcslashes($matches[2] !== '' ? $matches[2] : $matches[3]);
+                $this->assertProjectYamlVersionLiteral($version);
+                return version_compare($version, PHP_VERSION, $this->normalizeProjectYamlVersionOperator($matches[4])) ? '1' : '0';
+            },
+            $expr
+        );
+        if ($expr === null) {
+            $this->error('Invalid source condition: `' . $condition . '`');
+        }
+
+        if (preg_match('/\bPHP_VERSION(?:_ID)?\b/', $expr)) {
+            $this->error('Unsupported source condition: `' . $condition . '`');
+        }
+
+        return $expr;
+    }
+
+    protected function replaceProjectYamlPhpOsFamilyComparisons(string $expr, string $condition): string
+    {
+        $stringLiteral = '"([^"\\\\]*(?:\\\\.[^"\\\\]*)*)"|\'([^\'\\\\]*(?:\\\\.[^\'\\\\]*)*)\'';
+        $operator = '(==|!=)';
+
+        $expr = preg_replace_callback(
+            '/\bPHP_OS_FAMILY\b\s*' . $operator . '\s*(' . $stringLiteral . ')/i',
+            function (array $matches): string {
+                $expected = stripcslashes(($matches[3] ?? '') !== '' ? $matches[3] : $matches[4]);
+                $this->assertProjectYamlOsFamilyLiteral($expected);
+                $result = PHP_OS_FAMILY === $expected;
+                if ($matches[1] === '!=') {
+                    $result = !$result;
+                }
+                return $result ? '1' : '0';
+            },
+            $expr
+        );
+        if ($expr === null) {
+            $this->error('Invalid source condition: `' . $condition . '`');
+        }
+
+        $expr = preg_replace_callback(
+            '/(' . $stringLiteral . ')\s*' . $operator . '\s*\bPHP_OS_FAMILY\b/i',
+            function (array $matches): string {
+                $expected = stripcslashes(($matches[2] ?? '') !== '' ? $matches[2] : $matches[3]);
+                $this->assertProjectYamlOsFamilyLiteral($expected);
+                $result = $expected === PHP_OS_FAMILY;
+                if ($matches[4] === '!=') {
+                    $result = !$result;
+                }
+                return $result ? '1' : '0';
+            },
+            $expr
+        );
+        if ($expr === null) {
+            $this->error('Invalid source condition: `' . $condition . '`');
+        }
+
+        if (preg_match('/\bPHP_OS_FAMILY\b/', $expr)) {
+            $this->error('Unsupported source condition: `' . $condition . '`');
+        }
+
+        return $expr;
+    }
+
+    protected function normalizeProjectYamlVersionOperator(string $operator): string
+    {
+        return strtolower($operator);
+    }
+
+    protected function assertProjectYamlVersionLiteral(string $version): void
+    {
+        if ($version === '' || !preg_match('/^[0-9A-Za-z_.+\-]+$/', $version)) {
+            $this->error('Invalid PHP_VERSION literal: `' . $version . '`');
+        }
+    }
+
+    protected function assertProjectYamlOsFamilyLiteral(string $osFamily): void
+    {
+        if (!in_array($osFamily, ['Windows', 'BSD', 'Darwin', 'Solaris', 'Linux', 'Unknown'], true)) {
+            $this->error('Invalid PHP_OS_FAMILY literal: `' . $osFamily . '`');
+        }
+    }
+
+    protected function phpVersionIdToString(int $versionId): string
+    {
+        if ($versionId < 0) {
+            $this->error('Invalid PHP_VERSION_ID literal: `' . $versionId . '`');
+        }
+        $major = intdiv($versionId, 10000);
+        $minor = intdiv($versionId % 10000, 100);
+        $patch = $versionId % 100;
+        return $major . '.' . $minor . '.' . $patch;
+    }
+
     protected function getInternalCeInfo(string $ce): array
     {
         return [
@@ -2920,7 +3112,12 @@ CODE;
                     }
                 }
                 $cppType = $this->getDefaultArgumentType($argInfo);
-                $expr = $this->convertExprFromType($argInfo->type, $argExpr);
+                $declaredClass = $argInfo->declaredClass ?: $argInfo->class;
+                if ($argInfo->type === self::TYPE_OBJECT && $declaredClass !== '') {
+                    $expr = $this->convertObjectExpr($argExpr, $this->getClassEntryPtr($declaredClass));
+                } else {
+                    $expr = $this->convertExprFromType($argInfo->type, $argExpr);
+                }
                 $cppCode .= $this->getIndent() . $cppType . ' ' . $var . ' = ' . $expr . ';' . PHP_EOL;
             }
             $callParams .= 'arg_' . $argInfo->name . ',';
@@ -3110,8 +3307,8 @@ CODE;
         }
         foreach ($this->functionDef->argInfoList as $argInfo) {
             $this->addArgument($argInfo->name, $argInfo->variadic ? self::TYPE_ARRAY : $argInfo->type);
-            if (!$argInfo->variadic and $argInfo->class) {
-                $this->addObject($argInfo->name, $argInfo->class);
+            if (!$argInfo->variadic and $argInfo->declaredClass) {
+                $this->addObject($argInfo->name, $argInfo->declaredClass);
             }
         }
 
@@ -3119,6 +3316,7 @@ CODE;
         if ($v->stmts) {
             $oriLocalVars = $this->context->localVars;
             $oriTmpVarIndex = $this->context->tmpVarIndex;
+            $oriDeclaredObjects = $this->context->declaredObjects;
             /** SSA/e-SSA analysis for the current function. Built once per function, discarded with the context. */
             $ssaBuilder = new SsaBuilder($v->stmts, $this->functionDef->argInfoList);
             $ssaBuilder->build();
@@ -3131,7 +3329,7 @@ CODE;
                 $this->optimizeLoopVars($ssaBuilder);
                 $this->optimizeObjectProps($ssaBuilder);
             }
-            $this->context->resetAnalysisTemporaries($oriLocalVars, $oriTmpVarIndex);
+            $this->context->resetAnalysisTemporaries($oriLocalVars, $oriTmpVarIndex, $oriDeclaredObjects);
         }
 
         $stmts = '';
diff --git a/src/Php/UniversalMethodCall.php b/src/Php/UniversalMethodCall.php
index cbe8bf91..fad51823 100644
--- a/src/Php/UniversalMethodCall.php
+++ b/src/Php/UniversalMethodCall.php
@@ -374,6 +374,7 @@ trait UniversalMethodCall
             'toBigInt'    => 'php::BigInt::newInstance(' . $receiver . ')',
             'toBigFloat'  => 'php::BigFloat::newInstance(' . $receiver . ')',
             'toDecimal'   => 'php::Decimal::newInstance(' . $receiver . ')',
+            'toAny'       => $receiver,
             default       => $receiver,
         };
     }
diff --git a/tests/aot/class/abstract-return-typed-object.phpt b/tests/aot/class/abstract-return-typed-object.phpt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c202f153
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/aot/class/abstract-return-typed-object.phpt
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+--TEST--
+abstract class return type can be used as typed object
+--FILE--
+<?php
+
+abstract class AbstractTypedObjectBase
+{
+    public function concreteName(): string
+    {
+        return 'base:' . $this->name();
+    }
+
+    abstract public function name(): string;
+}
+
+class AbstractTypedObjectImpl extends AbstractTypedObjectBase
+{
+    public function name(): string
+    {
+        return 'impl';
+    }
+}
+
+function makeAbstractTypedObject(): AbstractTypedObjectBase
+{
+    return new AbstractTypedObjectImpl();
+}
+
+function main(): void
+{
+    $object = makeAbstractTypedObject();
+    var_dump($object->concreteName());
+    var_dump($object->name());
+}
+?>
+--EXPECT--
+string(9) "base:impl"
+string(4) "impl"
diff --git a/tests/aot/class/interface-declared-object-assign.phpt b/tests/aot/class/interface-declared-object-assign.phpt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..82dedd88
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/aot/class/interface-declared-object-assign.phpt
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+--TEST--
+interface declared object constrains assignment without native call typing
+--FILE--
+<?php
+
+interface DeclaredObjectContract
+{
+    public function name(): string;
+}
+
+class DeclaredObjectImpl implements DeclaredObjectContract
+{
+    public function name(): string
+    {
+        return 'impl';
+    }
+}
+
+class DeclaredObjectOther
+{
+    public function name(): string
+    {
+        return 'other';
+    }
+}
+
+function nextDeclaredObject(DeclaredObjectContract $object): DeclaredObjectContract
+{
+    return $object;
+}
+
+function testDeclaredObject(DeclaredObjectContract $object): void
+{
+    var_dump($object->name());
+
+    $object = new DeclaredObjectImpl();
+    var_dump($object->name());
+
+    $object = nextDeclaredObject($object);
+    var_dump($object->name());
+
+    try {
+        $object = any(new DeclaredObjectOther());
+    } catch (Throwable $e) {
+        echo $e->getMessage(), "\n";
+    }
+    var_dump($object->name());
+}
+
+function main(): void
+{
+    testDeclaredObject(new DeclaredObjectImpl());
+}
+?>
+--EXPECT--
+string(4) "impl"
+string(4) "impl"
+string(4) "impl"
+The parameter `object` must be instance of class `DeclaredObjectContract`, object of `DeclaredObjectOther` given
+string(4) "impl"
diff --git a/tests/aot/class/interface-dynamic-call-zend-check.phpt b/tests/aot/class/interface-dynamic-call-zend-check.phpt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..fa9837d4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/aot/class/interface-dynamic-call-zend-check.phpt
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+--TEST--
+dynamic call uses wrapper interface parameter type check
+--ENV--
+USE_ZEND_ALLOC=0
+--FILE--
+<?php
+
+interface InterfaceDynamicCallCheckContract
+{
+    public function name(): string;
+}
+
+class InterfaceDynamicCallCheckImpl implements InterfaceDynamicCallCheckContract
+{
+    public function name(): string
+    {
+        return 'impl';
+    }
+}
+
+class InterfaceDynamicCallCheckOther
+{
+}
+
+function acceptInterfaceDynamicCallCheck(InterfaceDynamicCallCheckContract $object): string
+{
+    return $object->name();
+}
+
+function callDynamic($callback, $object): void
+{
+    try {
+        var_dump($callback($object));
+    } catch (Throwable $e) {
+        echo $e->getMessage(), "\n";
+    }
+}
+
+function main(): void
+{
+    $callback = 'acceptInterfaceDynamicCallCheck';
+    callDynamic($callback, new InterfaceDynamicCallCheckImpl());
+    callDynamic($callback, new InterfaceDynamicCallCheckOther());
+}
+?>
+--EXPECT--
+string(4) "impl"
+The parameter `object` must be instance of class `InterfaceDynamicCallCheckContract`, object of `InterfaceDynamicCallCheckOther` given
diff --git a/tests/aot/class/interface-native-call-toobject-opt.phpt b/tests/aot/class/interface-native-call-toobject-opt.phpt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..286884bd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/aot/class/interface-native-call-toobject-opt.phpt
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+--TEST--
+interface parameter native call avoids redundant object check when statically safe
+--FILE--
+<?php
+
+interface InterfaceNativeCallOptContract
+{
+    public function name(): string;
+}
+
+class InterfaceNativeCallOptImpl implements InterfaceNativeCallOptContract
+{
+    public function name(): string
+    {
+        return 'impl';
+    }
+}
+
+class InterfaceNativeCallOptOther
+{
+}
+
+function acceptInterfaceNativeCallOpt(InterfaceNativeCallOptContract $object): string
+{
+    return $object->name();
+}
+
+function main(): void
+{
+    $impl = new InterfaceNativeCallOptImpl();
+    var_dump(acceptInterfaceNativeCallOpt($impl));
+
+    try {
+        $other = new InterfaceNativeCallOptOther();
+        var_dump(acceptInterfaceNativeCallOpt($other->toAny()));
+    } catch (Throwable $e) {
+        echo $e->getMessage(), "\n";
+    }
+}
+?>
+--EXPECT--
+string(4) "impl"
+The parameter `object` must be instance of class `InterfaceNativeCallOptContract`, object of `InterfaceNativeCallOptOther` given
diff --git a/tests/aot/class/interface-param-return-check.phpt b/tests/aot/class/interface-param-return-check.phpt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d42de015
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/aot/class/interface-param-return-check.phpt
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+--TEST--
+interface parameter and return type checks with dynamic object values
+--FILE--
+<?php
+
+interface InterfaceCallCheckContract
+{
+    public function name(): string;
+}
+
+class InterfaceCallCheckImpl implements InterfaceCallCheckContract
+{
+    public function name(): string
+    {
+        return 'impl';
+    }
+}
+
+class InterfaceCallCheckOther
+{
+    public function name(): string
+    {
+        return 'other';
+    }
+}
+
+function useInterfaceCallCheck(InterfaceCallCheckContract $object): string
+{
+    return $object->name();
+}
+
+function returnInterfaceCallCheck($object): InterfaceCallCheckContract
+{
+    return $object->toAny();
+}
+
+function main(): void
+{
+    $impl = new InterfaceCallCheckImpl();
+    $other = new InterfaceCallCheckOther();
+
+    var_dump(useInterfaceCallCheck($impl->toAny()));
+    try {
+        var_dump(useInterfaceCallCheck($other->toAny()));
+    } catch (Throwable $e) {
+        echo $e->getMessage(), "\n";
+    }
+
+    var_dump(returnInterfaceCallCheck(new InterfaceCallCheckImpl())->name());
+    try {
+        var_dump(returnInterfaceCallCheck(new InterfaceCallCheckOther())->name());
+    } catch (Throwable $e) {
+        echo $e->getMessage(), "\n";
+    }
+}
+?>
+--EXPECT--
+string(4) "impl"
+The parameter `object` must be instance of class `InterfaceCallCheckContract`, object of `InterfaceCallCheckOther` given
+string(4) "impl"
+The parameter `object` must be instance of class `InterfaceCallCheckContract`, object of `InterfaceCallCheckOther` given
diff --git a/tests/aot/class/objval-parent.phpt b/tests/aot/class/objval-parent.phpt
index ceeb8a02..f10104a1 100644
--- a/tests/aot/class/objval-parent.phpt
+++ b/tests/aot/class/objval-parent.phpt
@@ -17,6 +17,10 @@ class Child extends Base {
     public function castToParent($obj): Base {
         return objval($obj, parent::class);
     }
+
+    public function toParent($obj): Base {
+        return $obj->toObject(parent::class);
+    }
 }
 
 function main() {
@@ -25,8 +29,16 @@ function main() {
 
     $result = $c->castToParent($b);
     var_dump($result->name());
+
+    $result = $c->castToParent($c);
+    var_dump($result->name());
+
+    $result = $c->toParent($c);
+    var_dump($result->name());
 }
 
 ?>
 --EXPECT--
 string(4) "Base"
+string(5) "Child"
+string(5) "Child"
diff --git a/tests/aot/class/typed-object-assign-any.phpt b/tests/aot/class/typed-object-assign-any.phpt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..2d4d02ea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/aot/class/typed-object-assign-any.phpt
@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+--TEST--
+typed object assignment from any uses runtime class check
+--FILE--
+<?php
+
+class AssignAnyBase
+{
+    public function name(): string
+    {
+        return 'base';
+    }
+}
+
+class AssignAnyChild extends AssignAnyBase
+{
+}
+
+class AssignAnyBaseFactory
+{
+    public function child(): AssignAnyBase
+    {
+        return new AssignAnyChild();
+    }
+
+    public function base(): AssignAnyBase
+    {
+        return new AssignAnyBase();
+    }
+}
+
+interface AssignAnyInterface
+{
+    public function next(): AssignAnyInterface;
+}
+
+class AssignAnyImpl implements AssignAnyInterface
+{
+    public function next(): AssignAnyInterface
+    {
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    public function ok(): string
+    {
+        return 'impl';
+    }
+}
+
+class AssignAnyOther implements AssignAnyInterface
+{
+    public function next(): AssignAnyInterface
+    {
+        return $this;
+    }
+}
+
+function main(): void
+{
+    $base = new AssignAnyBase();
+    $base = any(new AssignAnyChild());
+    var_dump($base->name());
+
+    $child = new AssignAnyChild();
+    try {
+        $child = any(new AssignAnyBase());
+    } catch (Throwable $e) {
+        echo $e->getMessage(), "\n";
+    }
+    var_dump($child->name());
+
+    $child = new AssignAnyChild();
+    $factory = new AssignAnyBaseFactory();
+    $child = $factory->child();
+    var_dump($child->name());
+    try {
+        $child = $factory->base();
+    } catch (Throwable $e) {
+        echo $e->getMessage(), "\n";
+    }
+    var_dump($child->name());
+
+    $base = new AssignAnyBase();
+    $child = new AssignAnyChild();
+    $base = $child;
+    var_dump($base->name());
+
+    $child = new AssignAnyChild();
+    $base = new AssignAnyBase();
+    $base = $child;
+    $child = $base;
+    var_dump($child->name());
+
+    $child = new AssignAnyChild();
+    $base = new AssignAnyBase();
+    try {
+        $child = $base;
+    } catch (Throwable $e) {
+        echo $e->getMessage(), "\n";
+    }
+    var_dump($child->name());
+
+    $impl = new AssignAnyImpl();
+    $impl = $impl->next();
+    var_dump($impl->ok());
+
+    $impl = new AssignAnyImpl();
+    $other = new AssignAnyOther();
+    try {
+        $impl = $other->next();
+    } catch (Throwable $e) {
+        echo $e->getMessage(), "\n";
+    }
+    var_dump($impl->ok());
+}
+?>
+--EXPECT--
+string(4) "base"
+The parameter `object` must be instance of class `AssignAnyChild`, object of `AssignAnyBase` given
+string(4) "base"
+string(4) "base"
+The parameter `object` must be instance of class `AssignAnyChild`, object of `AssignAnyBase` given
+string(4) "base"
+string(4) "base"
+string(4) "base"
+The parameter `object` must be instance of class `AssignAnyChild`, object of `AssignAnyBase` given
+string(4) "base"
+string(4) "impl"
+The parameter `object` must be instance of class `AssignAnyImpl`, object of `AssignAnyOther` given
+string(4) "impl"
diff --git a/tests/aot/keyword_method/to-any-to-ref.phpt b/tests/aot/keyword_method/to-any-to-ref.phpt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c9f617ce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/aot/keyword_method/to-any-to-ref.phpt
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+--TEST--
+AOT keyword methods toAny() and toRef()
+--FILE--
+<?php
+
+function append_text(&$value, string $suffix): void
+{
+    $value .= $suffix;
+}
+
+function set_value(&$value, $newValue): void
+{
+    $value = $newValue;
+}
+
+function set_named(string $label, &$value): void
+{
+    $value = $label;
+}
+
+function main(): void
+{
+    $a = 10;
+    $b = 4;
+    var_dump($a->toAny() / $b->toAny());
+
+    $name = 'php ';
+    append_text($name->toRef(), 'keyword');
+    var_dump($name);
+
+    $arr = ['key' => 'original'];
+    set_value($arr['key']->toRef(), 'array');
+    var_dump($arr['key']);
+
+    $obj = new stdClass();
+    $obj->prop = 'object';
+    append_text($obj->prop->toRef(), ' property');
+    var_dump($obj->prop);
+
+    $fn = 'set_value';
+    $dynamic = 'old';
+    $fn($dynamic->toRef(), 'dynamic');
+    var_dump($dynamic);
+
+    $named = 'old';
+    $fn = 'set_named';
+    $fn(label: 'named', value: $named->toRef());
+    var_dump($named);
+}
+?>
+--EXPECT--
+float(2.5)
+string(11) "php keyword"
+string(5) "array"
+string(15) "object property"
+string(7) "dynamic"
+string(5) "named"
diff --git a/tests/aot/loop/for-internal-constant-bound.phpt b/tests/aot/loop/for-internal-constant-bound.phpt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..8ebb162f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/aot/loop/for-internal-constant-bound.phpt
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+--TEST--
+for loop with internal constant bound
+--FILE--
+<?php
+$sum = 0;
+for ($i = 0; $i < PHP_FD_SETSIZE; $i++) {
+    $sum += $i & 1;
+}
+var_dump($sum);
+?>
+--EXPECT--
+int(512)
diff --git a/tests/aot/ref/reuse.phpt b/tests/aot/ref/reuse.phpt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..64aefeff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/aot/ref/reuse.phpt
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+--TEST--
+object link operator
+--FILE--
+<?php
+function main()
+{
+    $arr = [1, 2, 3];
+    foreach ($arr as &$value) {
+        var_dump($value);
+    }
+    unset($value);
+
+    foreach ($arr as &$value) {
+        $value += 4;
+    }
+    unset($value);
+    var_dump($arr);
+}
+?>
+--EXPECT--
+int(1)
+int(2)
+int(3)
+array(3) {
+  [0]=>
+  int(5)
+  [1]=>
+  int(6)
+  [2]=>
+  int(7)
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tests/aot/std-array/006.phpt b/tests/aot/std-array/006.phpt
index 50f22ba8..8a174c3b 100644
--- a/tests/aot/std-array/006.phpt
+++ b/tests/aot/std-array/006.phpt
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 --TEST--
-std array: exact class value type
+std array: class value type accepts subclasses
 --FILE--
 <?php
 class StdArrayClassValue
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ function main() {
 
     try {
         $array[2] = std_array_class_value_mixed(new StdArrayClassValueChild(3));
+        var_dump($array[2]->getValue());
     } catch (Throwable $e) {
         echo $e->getMessage(), "\n";
     }
@@ -41,4 +42,4 @@ function main() {
 --EXPECT--
 int(1)
 int(2)
-The parameter `object` must be instance of class `StdArrayClassValue`, object of `StdArrayClassValueChild` given
+int(3)
diff --git a/tests/aot/std-map/004.phpt b/tests/aot/std-map/004.phpt
index 5b2bf20c..1b8ed683 100644
--- a/tests/aot/std-map/004.phpt
+++ b/tests/aot/std-map/004.phpt
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 --TEST--
-std map: exact class value type
+std map: class value type accepts subclasses
 --FILE--
 <?php
 class StdMapClassValue
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ function main() {
 
     try {
         $map["c"] = std_map_class_value_mixed(new StdMapClassValueChild(3));
+        var_dump($map["c"]->getValue());
     } catch (Throwable $e) {
         echo $e->getMessage(), "\n";
     }
@@ -41,4 +42,4 @@ function main() {
 --EXPECT--
 int(1)
 int(2)
-The parameter `object` must be instance of class `StdMapClassValue`, object of `StdMapClassValueChild` given
+int(3)
diff --git a/tests/aot/std-ordered-map/004.phpt b/tests/aot/std-ordered-map/004.phpt
index 86f03042..8e03970a 100644
--- a/tests/aot/std-ordered-map/004.phpt
+++ b/tests/aot/std-ordered-map/004.phpt
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 --TEST--
-std containers: exact class value type
+std containers: class value type accepts subclasses
 --FILE--
 <?php
 class StdContainerClassValue
@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@ function main() {
 
     try {
         $unordered[2] = std_container_class_value_mixed(new StdContainerClassValueChild(5));
+        var_dump($unordered[2]->getValue());
     } catch (Throwable $e) {
         echo $e->getMessage(), "\n";
     }
@@ -63,5 +64,5 @@ int(1)
 int(2)
 int(3)
 int(4)
-The parameter `object` must be instance of class `StdContainerClassValue`, object of `StdContainerClassValueChild` given
+int(5)
 The parameter `object` must be instance of class `StdContainerClassValue`, object of `StdContainerClassValueOther` given
diff --git a/tests/aot/std-vector/003.phpt b/tests/aot/std-vector/003.phpt
index a398533d..eb288a62 100644
--- a/tests/aot/std-vector/003.phpt
+++ b/tests/aot/std-vector/003.phpt
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 --TEST--
-std vector: exact class value type
+std vector: class value type accepts subclasses
 --FILE--
 <?php
 class StdVectorClassValue
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ function main() {
 
     try {
         $vector[] = std_vector_class_value_mixed(new StdVectorClassValueChild(3));
+        var_dump($vector[2]->getValue());
     } catch (Throwable $e) {
         echo $e->getMessage(), "\n";
     }
@@ -41,4 +42,4 @@ function main() {
 --EXPECT--
 int(1)
 int(2)
-The parameter `object` must be instance of class `StdVectorClassValue`, object of `StdVectorClassValueChild` given
+int(3)
diff --git a/tests/aot/std-vector/004.phpt b/tests/aot/std-vector/004.phpt
index 929c344b..63a8ae37 100644
--- a/tests/aot/std-vector/004.phpt
+++ b/tests/aot/std-vector/004.phpt
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 --TEST--
-std vector: exact class value type checks typed parameter at runtime
+std vector: class value type accepts typed parameter subclass at runtime
 --FILE--
 <?php
 class StdVectorRuntimeClassValue
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ function std_vector_runtime_class_value(StdVectorRuntimeClassValue $value): void
 
     try {
         $vector[] = $value;
+        var_dump($vector[0]->value);
     } catch (Throwable $e) {
         echo $e->getMessage(), "\n";
     }
@@ -29,4 +30,4 @@ function main() {
 }
 ?>
 --EXPECT--
-The parameter `object` must be instance of class `StdVectorRuntimeClassValue`, object of `StdVectorRuntimeClassValueChild` given
+int(1)
diff --git a/tests/aot/std-vector/005.phpt b/tests/aot/std-vector/005.phpt
index e84d69c3..43a67a3b 100644
--- a/tests/aot/std-vector/005.phpt
+++ b/tests/aot/std-vector/005.phpt
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 --TEST--
-std vector: exact class value type rejects non-object value
+std vector: class value type rejects non-object value
 --FILE--
 <?php
 class StdVectorRuntimeScalarValue
diff --git a/tests/aot/std-vector/014.phpt b/tests/aot/std-vector/014.phpt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..93791120
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/aot/std-vector/014.phpt
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+--TEST--
+std containers: interface class value type
+--FILE--
+<?php
+interface StdContainerInterfaceValue
+{
+    public function getValue(): int;
+}
+
+class StdContainerInterfaceImpl implements StdContainerInterfaceValue
+{
+    public function __construct(private int $value)
+    {
+    }
+
+    public function getValue(): int
+    {
+        return $this->value;
+    }
+}
+
+class StdContainerInterfaceOther
+{
+}
+
+function std_container_interface_mixed(mixed $value): mixed
+{
+    return $value;
+}
+
+function main() {
+    $vector = std::vector(StdContainerInterfaceValue::class);
+    $vector[] = new StdContainerInterfaceImpl(1);
+    $vector[] = std_container_interface_mixed(new StdContainerInterfaceImpl(2));
+    var_dump($vector[0]->getValue());
+    var_dump($vector[1]->getValue());
+
+    $array = std::array(StdContainerInterfaceValue::class, 1);
+    $array[0] = std_container_interface_mixed(new StdContainerInterfaceImpl(3));
+    var_dump($array[0]->getValue());
+
+    $map = std::map(complex_types::type_str, StdContainerInterfaceValue::class);
+    $map["item"] = std_container_interface_mixed(new StdContainerInterfaceImpl(4));
+    var_dump($map["item"]->getValue());
+
+    $ordered = std::ordered_map(complex_types::type_str, StdContainerInterfaceValue::class);
+    $ordered["item"] = std_container_interface_mixed(new StdContainerInterfaceImpl(5));
+    var_dump($ordered["item"]->getValue());
+
+    try {
+        $vector[] = std_container_interface_mixed(new StdContainerInterfaceOther());
+    } catch (Throwable $e) {
+        echo $e->getMessage(), "\n";
+    }
+}
+?>
+--EXPECT--
+int(1)
+int(2)
+int(3)
+int(4)
+int(5)
+The parameter `object` must be instance of class `StdContainerInterfaceValue`, object of `StdContainerInterfaceOther` given
diff --git a/tests/aot/std-vector/015.phpt b/tests/aot/std-vector/015.phpt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3670cb86
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/aot/std-vector/015.phpt
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+--TEST--
+std containers: abstract class value type
+--FILE--
+<?php
+abstract class StdContainerAbstractValue
+{
+    abstract public function getValue(): int;
+}
+
+class StdContainerAbstractChild extends StdContainerAbstractValue
+{
+    public function __construct(private int $value)
+    {}
+
+    public function getValue(): int
+    {
+        return $this->value;
+    }
+}
+
+class StdContainerAbstractOther
+{
+}
+
+function std_container_abstract_mixed(mixed $value): mixed
+{
+    return $value;
+}
+
+function main() {
+    $vector = std::vector(StdContainerAbstractValue::class);
+    $vector[] = std_container_abstract_mixed(new StdContainerAbstractChild(1));
+    var_dump($vector[0]->getValue());
+
+    try {
+        $vector[] = std_container_abstract_mixed(new StdContainerAbstractOther());
+    } catch (Throwable $e) {
+        echo $e->getMessage(), "\n";
+    }
+}
+?>
+--EXPECT--
+int(1)
+The parameter `object` must be instance of class `StdContainerAbstractValue`, object of `StdContainerAbstractOther` given
diff --git a/tests/aot/stdlib/abs_edge.phpt b/tests/aot/stdlib/abs_edge.phpt
index 1d856287..326ae42a 100644
--- a/tests/aot/stdlib/abs_edge.phpt
+++ b/tests/aot/stdlib/abs_edge.phpt
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 abs edge cases: PHP_INT_MIN and -0.0
 --FILE--
 <?php
-var_dump(abs(PHP_INT_MIN));
+$value = any(PHP_INT_MIN);
+var_dump(abs($value));
 var_dump(abs(-0.0));
 var_dump(abs(0));
 var_dump(abs(-5));