diff --git a/bin/compiler.php b/bin/compiler.php
index d3248409..38852197 100755
--- a/bin/compiler.php
+++ b/bin/compiler.php
@@ -24,11 +24,12 @@ $path = $realpath;
 if (is_dir($path)) {
     $scanner = new FileScanner($path);
     $list = $scanner->scan();
-    $targetFile = basename($path);
+    $targetName = basename($path);
 } else {
     $list = [$path];
-    $targetFile = FileScanner::getFileName($path);
+    $targetName = FileScanner::getFileName($path);
 }
+$translator->setTargetName($targetName);
 
 $sourceFiles = [];
 $objectFiles = [];
@@ -78,11 +79,13 @@ $translator->genExternGlobalVars($translator->getIncludeDir() . '/php_global_var
 
 // 生成所有全局变量源文件
 $extensionSourceFile = $translator->getBuildDir() . '/extension.cc';
-$translator->genExtension($extensionSourceFile);
+$translator->genExtension($extensionSourceFile, $targetName);
 $sourceFiles[] = $extensionSourceFile;
 
 // 添加 main.cc 文件
-$sourceFiles[] = ROOT_PATH . '/src/cpp/main.cc';
+if ($translator->getBuildMode() == 'bin') {
+    $sourceFiles[] = ROOT_PATH . '/src/cpp/main.cc';
+}
 
 // 编译所有 C++ 文件
 foreach ($sourceFiles as $cppFile) {
@@ -95,4 +98,4 @@ foreach ($sourceFiles as $cppFile) {
 }
 
 // 连接所有目标文件，生成可执行文件
-$translator->compileBinary($targetFile, $objectFiles);
+$translator->build($objectFiles);
diff --git a/examples/array_append.php b/examples/array_append.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..18ad87ee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/array_append.php
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+<?php
+function main()
+{
+    $a = $b = $c = $d  = 4;
+    $arr = [$a, $b, $c, $d];
+    var_dump($arr);
+//    var_dump($arr[] = 5);
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/examples/ref.php b/examples/ref.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..264cdc21
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/ref.php
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+<?php
+function main()
+{
+    $a = [1, 2, 3];
+    $b = &$a;
+    $b[] = 5;
+
+    $c = &$b;
+    $c [] = 6;
+    var_dump($a, $b, $c);
+}
diff --git a/src/Php/CompilerBase.php b/src/Php/CompilerBase.php
index 70dadd73..43d33993 100644
--- a/src/Php/CompilerBase.php
+++ b/src/Php/CompilerBase.php
@@ -76,6 +76,7 @@ class CompilerBase extends \PhpAot\Core\Translator
     protected array $functionCallInFile = [];
     protected array $redoAfterDeclare = [];
     protected int $optimizeLevel = 0;
+    protected string $buildMode = 'bin';
     protected int $floatPrecision = 17;
     protected bool $debugInfo = true;
     protected bool $noLiteralStrings = false;
@@ -151,6 +152,7 @@ class CompilerBase extends \PhpAot\Core\Translator
     protected bool $inAssignExpr = false;
     protected bool $stubFile = false;
     protected bool $stubFileIncluded = false;
+    protected bool $enableProfiler = false;
     protected Parser $parser;
 
     public function __construct(string $rootPath)
@@ -1184,16 +1186,24 @@ class CompilerBase extends \PhpAot\Core\Translator
         return $out;
     }
 
-    protected function addCompilationOption(string &$cmd): void
+    protected function addCompilationOption(string &$cmd, bool $link): void
     {
         $cmd .= ' ' . $this->parseIncludes();
         $cmd .= ' -O' . $this->optimizeLevel;
         $cmd .= ' -g';
         $cmd .= ' -Wall';
-        if ($this->climate->arguments->defined('profile')) {
+        if ($this->enableProfiler) {
             $cmd .= ' -lprofiler';
             $cmd .= ' -DPPROF_ON=1';
         }
+
+        if ($this->buildMode === 'ext') {
+            if ($link) {
+                $cmd .= ' -shared';
+            } else {
+                $cmd .= ' -fPIC -D BUILD_PHP_EXTENSION=1';
+            }
+        }
     }
 
     protected function parseBinaryOpConcat(mixed $expr): string
diff --git a/src/Php/Translator.php b/src/Php/Translator.php
index 7eaf0601..c9209b29 100644
--- a/src/Php/Translator.php
+++ b/src/Php/Translator.php
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ class Translator extends Preprocessor
 {
     use MagicMethodDetector;
 
+    protected string $targetName = 'app';
     protected bool $verbose = false;
     protected array $unsupportedFunctions = [
         'compact',
@@ -64,13 +65,22 @@ class Translator extends Preprocessor
                 'required'    => false,
                 'noValue'     => true,
             ],
+            'mode' => [
+                'longPrefix'  => 'mode',
+                'prefix'      => 'm',
+                'description' => 'Build mode, -m bin(binary) or -m ext(extension), default: bin',
+                'required'    => false,
+                'defaultValue' => 'bin',
+            ],
         ]);
 
         $this->preprocessArgvAdvanced();
         $this->climate->arguments->parse();
         $this->optimizeLevel = $this->climate->arguments->get('optimize');
+        $this->buildMode = $this->climate->arguments->get('mode');
 //        $this->noLiteralStrings = $this->climate->arguments->get('noLiteralStrings');
         $this->noLiteralStrings = true;
+        $this->enableProfiler = $this->climate->arguments->defined('profile');
         $this->internalFunctions = array_flip(get_defined_functions()['internal']);
         if ($this->climate->arguments->defined('help')) {
             $this->showUsage();
@@ -99,13 +109,15 @@ class Translator extends Preprocessor
         $climate->tab()->out('-v, --verbose        Verbose output');
         $climate->tab()->out('-h, --help           Show this help message');
         $climate->tab()->out('-f, --force          Force compile even if cache exists');
+        $climate->tab()->out('-m, --mode <mode>    Compilation mode, -m bin(binary) or -m ext(extension), default: bin');
         $climate->tab()->out('--no-literal-strings Disable literal strings optimization');
         $climate->br();
 
         $climate->bold('EXAMPLES:');
         $climate->tab()->out('./bin/compiler.php examples/hello.php');
         $climate->tab()->out('./bin/compiler.php examples/bench.php -O2');
-        $climate->tab()->out('./bin/compiler.php examples/bench.php -O2 -p');
+        $climate->tab()->out('./bin/compiler.php examples/bench.php -O2 ');
+        $climate->tab()->out('./bin/compiler.php examples/extension -O2 -o myapp -m ext');
         $climate->tab()->out('./bin/compiler.php examples/app.php -O3 -o myapp -v');
         $climate->br();
     }
@@ -170,6 +182,18 @@ class Translator extends Preprocessor
         return self::PREFIX . 'class_entry_' . $classDef->getNamespacedName();
     }
 
+    public function setTargetName(string $name): void
+    {
+        if ($this->climate->arguments->defined('output')) {
+            $name = $this->climate->arguments->get('output');
+        }
+        if (!preg_match('/^[a-zA-Z0-9_]+$/', $name)) {
+            $this->climate->red('The target name must be a valid identifier');
+            exit(1);
+        }
+        $this->targetName = $name;
+    }
+
     protected function getInternalCeInfo(string $ce): array
     {
         return [
@@ -373,6 +397,12 @@ class Translator extends Preprocessor
 
     public function genExtension(string $file): void
     {
+        if ($this->buildMode == 'bin') {
+            if (!isset($this->nativeFunctions['main'])) {
+                $this->climate->red('When the build mode is a binary executable file, the `main()` function must be defined');
+                exit(1);
+            }
+        }
         $this->localHeaders = [];
         $this->genClassCeList();
         $code = $this->render('extension.cc.php');
@@ -399,19 +429,20 @@ class Translator extends Preprocessor
             return;
         }
         $cmd = $this->cppCompiler . ' -c ' . $cppFile . ' -o ' . $objectFile;
-        $this->addCompilationOption($cmd);
+        $this->addCompilationOption($cmd, false);
         $this->climate->comment($cmd);
         shell_exec($cmd);
     }
 
-    public function compileBinary(string $targetFile, array $objectFiles): void
+    public function build(array $objectFiles): void
     {
-        if ($this->climate->arguments->defined('output')) {
-            $targetFile = $this->climate->arguments->get('output');
-        }
         $objectList = implode(' ', $objectFiles);
+        $targetFile = $this->targetName;
+        if ($this->buildMode == 'ext' and !str_ends_with($targetFile, '.so')) {
+            $targetFile .= '.so';
+        }
         $linkCmd = $this->cppCompiler . ' ' . $objectList . ' -o ' . $targetFile . ' ' . $this->parseLdflags() . $this->parseLibs();
-        $this->addCompilationOption($linkCmd);
+        $this->addCompilationOption($linkCmd, true);
         $this->climate->comment($linkCmd);
         shell_exec($linkCmd);
     }
@@ -569,6 +600,11 @@ class Translator extends Preprocessor
         return $code;
     }
 
+    public function getBuildMode(): string
+    {
+        return $this->buildMode;
+    }
+
     public function getArgInfoHeaderFile(string $stubFilenameWithoutExtension, bool $relative = false): string
     {
         $basename = basename($stubFilenameWithoutExtension);
diff --git a/src/template/extension.cc.php b/src/template/extension.cc.php
index cd2a7561..66d8ac80 100644
--- a/src/template/extension.cc.php
+++ b/src/template/extension.cc.php
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ static const zend_function_entry ext_functions[] = {
     ZEND_FE_END
 };
 
-static PHP_MINIT_FUNCTION(app) {
+static PHP_MINIT_FUNCTION(<?=$this->targetName?>) {
 // class/interface class entries
 <?php
 foreach ($this->classCeList as $ce):
@@ -122,11 +122,11 @@ foreach ($this->nativeConstants as $name => $constant):
 <?php endforeach; ?>
 }
 
-zend_module_entry app_module_entry = {
+zend_module_entry <?=$this->targetName?>_module_entry = {
     STANDARD_MODULE_HEADER,
-    "app",
+    "<?=$this->targetName?>",
     ext_functions,
-    PHP_MINIT(app),
+    PHP_MINIT(<?=$this->targetName?>),
     nullptr,
     nullptr,
     nullptr,
@@ -135,4 +135,6 @@ zend_module_entry app_module_entry = {
     STANDARD_MODULE_PROPERTIES,
 };
 
-ZEND_GET_MODULE(app);
+#ifdef BUILD_PHP_EXTENSION
+ZEND_GET_MODULE(<?=$this->targetName?>);
+#endif
\ No newline at end of file