diff --git a/.claude/plans/code-reuse-improvement.md b/.claude/plans/code-reuse-improvement.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..2d74416e --- /dev/null +++ b/.claude/plans/code-reuse-improvement.md @@ -0,0 +1,274 @@ +# Code Reuse Improvement Plan + +## Analysis Summary + +| Metric | Value | +|--------|-------| +| Total source lines | ~11,000 (PHP only) | +| CompilerBase | 5,917 lines, 269 methods, 20 traits | +| Gcc↔Clang duplication | ~70-80% of methods | +| Linux↔Macos duplication | ~80% of methods | +| `fatalError()` call sites | 174+ across codebase | +| Test setUp/tearDown dup | 4+ test classes | + +--- + +## Phase 1: High-Impact Backend/Platform Deduplication (P0) + +### 1.1 Extract `UnixPlatform` base class + +**Files**: `Platform/Linux.php` (249 lines), `Platform/Macos.php` (278 lines) + +These 13 methods are 100% identical between Linux and Macos: +- `getIncludeFlags()`, `getLibraryPathFlags()`, `getObjectExtension()`, `getExecutableExtension()`, `getPathSeparator()`, `getPhpDir()`, `getRpathOptions()`, `getPicFlag()`, `buildPhpIncludePaths()`, `findPhpConfig()`, `buildPhpLibPaths()` + +Near-identical with minor parameterization: +- `getLibraryFlags()` — only the regex differs (`.a|.so` vs `.a|.dylib`) +- `detectPhpLibs()` — only the lib name differs (`libphp.so` vs `libphp.dylib`) + +**Plan**: Create `UnixPlatform extends PlatformBase` between `PlatformBase` and `Linux`/`Macos`. Move all identical methods up. Add abstract `getSharedLibraryExtension()` (already exists) and a protected `getSharedLibName()` for the single differing method. + +**Expected savings**: ~180 lines removed, ~150 lines added = net ~30 lines but massive maintainability gain. + +### 1.2 Extract `GccLikeBackend` base class + +**Files**: `Backend/Gcc.php` (379 lines), `Backend/Clang.php` (515 lines) + +These methods are structurally identical with only Windows-specific branching: +- `compileFile()`, `linkObjects()`, `buildCompileCommand()`, `buildCCompileCommand()`, `buildNativeCompileCommand()`, `buildLinkCommand()`, `buildCompileOptions()`, `buildLinkOptions()`, `buildFullCompileOptions()`, `buildFullLinkOptions()` + +**Plan**: Create `GccLikeBackend extends CompilerBackend` with all shared logic. Define template-method hooks for the differences: +- `getCompilerSpecificFlags()` — empty for Gcc, MSVC compat flags for Clang/Windows +- `getOutputFlag($isWindows)` — `-o` vs `/OUT:` +- `getSanitizerFlag($type)` — handle the `address`/`addr` aliasing difference +- `getPICHandling($config)` — Gcc always adds `-fPIC`, Clang skips on Windows + +**Expected savings**: ~250+ lines removed from Gcc.php and Clang.php. Msvc.php is sufficiently different (different flag syntax) to remain standalone. + +--- + +## Phase 2: CompilerBase Internal Deduplication (P1) + +### 2.1 Consolidate Big* type dispatch in BinaryOpTrait + +**File**: `Parser/BinaryOpTrait.php` (lines 31-107) + +The three blocks for BigFloat (lines 31-54), Decimal (lines 56-76), and BigInt (lines 78-107) in `parseBinaryOp()` share identical structure: +1. Check if either operand is the big type +2. Guard against incompatible mixing +3. Convert the non-matching operand +4. Dispatch to arithmetic or comparison operator + +**Plan**: Extract `parseBigNumBinaryOp(string $type, string $left, string $right, ...)` parameterized by type name, conversion function, and operator maps. Same refactoring applies to `genBigNumericCmp()` (lines 315-355). + +**Expected savings**: ~40 lines. + +### 2.2 Data-driven operator dispatch tables + +**Files**: `Parser/BinaryOpTrait.php` (16 wrapper methods), `Parser/AssignOpTrait.php` (14 wrapper methods) + +30+ thin methods that are just `parseBinaryOp($left, $right, '+')` / `parseAssignOp($node, '+=')`. + +**Plan**: Replace with a static map in `parseExpr()`: +```php +private const BINARY_OP_MAP = [ + 'Expr_BinaryOp_Plus' => '+', + 'Expr_BinaryOp_Minus' => '-', + // ... +]; +private const ASSIGN_OP_MAP = [ + 'Expr_AssignOp_Plus' => '+=', + // ... +]; +``` + +**Expected savings**: ~200 lines removed (boilerplate method bodies). + +### 2.3 Deduplicate call dispatch patterns + +**Files**: `CompilerBase.php` (`parseFuncCall`, `parseMethodCall`, `parseStaticCall` — ~300 lines combined), `UniversalMethodCall.php` (`tryOptimizePhpFn` vs `dispatchFuncCall`) + +These share the same overall flow: resolve callable → try native/optimized path → on `PlaceHolder` fall back to placeholder → parse args → wrap in `php::call()`. Additionally, `tryOptimizePhpFn()` (UniversalMethodCall lines 720-772) duplicates the argument type conversion logic already present in `dispatchFuncCall()` (FuncCallOptimizer lines 234-269). + +**Plan**: Extract a shared `resolveCall(CallLike $expr, ...)` method. Unify arg conversion so `tryOptimizePhpFn` delegates to `dispatchFuncCall` instead of reimplementing it. + +**Expected savings**: ~40 lines, fixes double-calculation of arg conversions. + +### 2.4 Deduplicate UNIVERSAL_METHODS math entries + +**File**: `UniversalMethodCall.php` (lines 12-69) + +The INT block (lines 12-41) and FLOAT block (lines 42-69) contain 20 identical math method entries (`abs`, `ceil`, `floor`, `sqrt`, `sin`, `cos`, etc.) differing only in `return_type`. Also the `calc_op` entries (add/sub/mul/div) are duplicated. + +**Plan**: Define math method names once in a shared array, generate both INT and FLOAT entries in the constructor with the appropriate `return_type`. + +**Expected savings**: ~25 lines of config data. + +### 2.5 Deduplicate constant folding methods + +**File**: `Optimizer/FuncCallOptimizer.php` (lines 515-593) + +8 methods (`doFoldStringLen`, `doFoldStringCase`, `doFoldCmp2`, `doFoldCmp3`, `doFoldCountLiteral`, `doFoldKnownClass`, `doFoldKnownConstant`, `doFoldSsaType`) follow the identical pattern: extract args → check types → compute → return literal or false. + +**Plan**: Create a generic `tryFold(callable $check, callable $compute)` that handles the arg extraction and short-circuit boilerplate. Each folder becomes a one-liner. + +**Expected savings**: ~50 lines. + +### 2.6 Remove MSVC compat flag duplication in Clang + +**File**: `Backend/Clang.php` + +The 4-line MSVC compatibility block (`-fms-compatibility`, `-fms-compatibility-version=19.40`, `-fdelayed-template-parsing`, `-fms-extensions`) appears 7 times (compileFile, buildCompileCommand, buildCCompileCommand, buildNativeCompileCommand, buildFullCompileOptions, buildCompileOptions, buildLinkOptions). + +**Plan**: Extract `private function getMsvcCompatFlags(): string` method. Called once per method that needs it instead of repeated inline. + +**Expected savings**: ~24 lines, single point of change if MSVC compat flags need updating. + +### 2.7 Merge return-check blocks + +**File**: `CompilerBase.php`, `parseReturn()` (line 1621) and `genReturnCode()` (line 5741) + +Identical 7-line union type check blocks. + +**Plan**: Extract `genUnionReturnWrapper(string $exprVar)` method. + +**Expected savings**: ~10 lines, eliminates drift risk. + +### 2.8 Fix `buildCCompileCommand()` inconsistency between Gcc and Clang + +**Files**: `Backend/Gcc.php` (lines 131-137), `Backend/Clang.php` (lines 198-206) + +Gcc unconditionally appends `-O$level` then conditionally appends `-g`. Clang treats debug and optimization as mutually exclusive (`if debug: -O0 -g` else `-O$level`). This is a behavioral inconsistency between backends implementing the same abstract method. + +**Plan**: Standardize on one behavior (the Clang pattern of `-O0 -g` for debug is the correct one — debug builds should not optimize). This will be automatically resolved by Phase 1.2 (GccLikeBackend). + +--- + +## Phase 3: Structural Improvements (P2) + +### 3.1 Entity flag-check consistency + +**File**: `Entity/PropertyDef.php` has `isPrivate()`, `isProtected()`, `isPublic()`, `isStatic()`. `Entity/MethodDef.php` has none — flag checks are done inline in CompilerBase. + +**Plan**: Add a `HasFlags` trait used by both `PropertyDef` and `MethodDef`: +```php +trait HasFlags { + public function isPrivate(): bool { return $this->flags & Modifiers::PRIVATE; } + public function isProtected(): bool { return $this->flags & Modifiers::PROTECTED; } + public function isPublic(): bool { return !$this->isPrivate() && !$this->isProtected(); } + public function isStatic(): bool { return $this->flags & Modifiers::STATIC; } + public function isAbstract(): bool { return $this->flags & Modifiers::ABSTRACT; } +} +``` + +**Expected savings**: Removes inline flag checks from CompilerBase, adds clarity. + +### 3.2 Test infrastructure base class + +**Files**: `phpunit/src/AstNodeTypeTest.php`, `CompilerBaseAdapterTest.php`, `TraitsTest.php`, `PreprocessorTest.php` + +All 4 duplicate the same setUp/tearDown pattern: create temp dir, `CompilerTest::create()`, recursive cleanup. + +**Plan**: Add `CompilerTestCase extends \PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase` to `phpunit/bootstrap.php`: +```php +abstract class CompilerTestCase extends TestCase { + protected string $tmpDir; + protected CompilerTest $compiler; + + protected function setUp(): void { + parent::setUp(); + $this->tmpDir = sys_get_temp_dir() . '/compiler_test_' . uniqid(); + mkdir($this->tmpDir, 0777, true); + $this->compiler = CompilerTest::create($this->tmpDir); + } + + protected function tearDown(): void { + parent::tearDown(); + // recursive cleanup + } +} +``` + +### 3.3 Eliminate `buildFull*Options` / `build*Options` duality + +**Files**: `Backend/Gcc.php`, `Backend/Clang.php`, `Backend/Msvc.php` + +All three backends implement both `buildFullCompileOptions()` / `buildCompileOptions()` and `buildFullLinkOptions()` / `buildLinkOptions()`. The "full" variants are subsets of the "standard" variants working from differently-keyed option arrays. They have drifted independently (e.g., RPATH handling differs between the two in Gcc/Clang). + +**Plan**: Make the "full" variants delegate to the "standard" variants by normalizing their option keys once at the call site. Keep only one code path for each (compile/link). + +**Expected savings**: ~100+ lines, eliminates drift between the two variants. + +### 3.4 Deduplicate Preprocessor AST switch + +**File**: `Preprocessor.php` + +`prepareFile()` (lines 115-151) and `prepareNamespace()` (lines 196-223) both switch over the same set of AST `Stmt_*` types with nearly identical case bodies. + +**Plan**: Extract `processStmt(Node $v)` method that both callers share. + +**Expected savings**: ~25 lines. + +### 3.5 Remove dead code: `ScopeContext` + +**File**: `Context/ScopeContext.php` (7 lines) + +An empty class with no properties or methods. Used only as a type annotation in `FunctionContext`. Either populate it with scope-relevant state, or remove it and use plain `\stdClass` / array / null. + +### 3.6 Reduce StdContainerTrait coupling + +**File**: `Parser/StdContainerTrait.php` (823 lines, 48 methods) + +This is effectively a standalone subsystem for std container handling. As a trait, it has unrestricted access to CompilerBase's internals. + +**Plan**: Extract core logic into `StdContainerHandler` service class. The trait becomes a thin facade that delegates to the handler. + +**Expected savings**: Better testability, clearer boundaries, easier to understand. + +--- + +## Phase 4: Longer-Term Architectural (P3) + +### 4.1 Break CompilerBase into domain-specific classes + +Currently CompilerBase is a 5,917-line god class using 20 traits as a workaround for PHP's single inheritance. Consider: + +- `ExpressionCompiler` — all parseExpr sub-dispatch (~500 lines) +- `StatementCompiler` — parseStmts, parseIf, parseWhile, parseFor, parseSwitch, etc. +- `TypeResolver` — parseTypeDecl, detectClassOfExpr, type checking +- `CallResolver` — parseFuncCall, parseMethodCall, parseStaticCall, parseNew + +These would be injected services rather than traits, making CompilerBase a coordinator. + +### 4.2 Shared AST walker pattern with Python Translator + +Both PHP and Python translators implement the same "walk-collect-indent-emit" pipeline independently. `Core\Translator` could define a standard `walkAst($nodes, callable $visitor)` that handles indentation and line collection. + +--- + +## Implementation Order & Impact Matrix + +| # | Item | Savings | Risk | Effort | +|---|------|---------|------|--------| +| 1.1 | UnixPlatform base class | ~180 dup lines | Low | 2-3h | +| 1.2 | GccLikeBackend base class | ~250 dup lines | Medium | 3-4h | +| 2.1 | BigNum dispatch consolidation | ~40 lines | Low | 1h | +| 2.2 | Data-driven op dispatch | ~200 lines | Low | 1-2h | +| 2.3 | Unify call dispatch patterns | ~40 lines | Low | 1-2h | +| 2.4 | UNIVERSAL_METHODS math dedup | ~25 lines | Low | 30m | +| 2.5 | Fold method template | ~50 lines | Low | 1h | +| 2.6 | MSVC compat flags in Clang | ~24 lines | Low | 30m | +| 2.7 | Merge return-check blocks | ~10 lines | Low | 30m | +| 2.8 | Fix buildCCompileCommand drift | bug fix | Low | 30m | +| 3.1 | HasFlags trait | clarity | Low | 1h | +| 3.2 | CompilerTestCase base class | boilerplate | Low | 1h | +| 3.3 | Eliminate Full*Options duality | ~100 lines | Medium | 2h | +| 3.4 | Preprocessor AST switch dedup | ~25 lines | Low | 1h | +| 3.5 | Remove dead ScopeContext | 7 lines | Low | 15m | +| 3.6 | StdContainer service class | boundary | Medium | 3-4h | +| 4.1 | Domain classes | architecture | High | 1-2 weeks | +| 4.2 | AST walker pattern | architecture | Medium | 3-5h | + +**Total estimated savings**: ~950+ lines of duplicated / dead code. + +**Recommended execution**: Phase 1 → Phase 2 → Phase 3. Items within each phase are independent and can be parallelized. diff --git a/.claude/plans/encapsulation-review.md b/.claude/plans/encapsulation-review.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..4f379855 --- /dev/null +++ b/.claude/plans/encapsulation-review.md @@ -0,0 +1,325 @@ +# Encapsulation Review + +## Summary + +| Metric | Value | +|--------|-------| +| Entity classes with all-public fields | 9/9 (100%) | +| FunctionContext public properties | 26 (all mutable) | +| CompilerBase private methods | 5/269 (1.9%) | +| Traits with direct `$this->context->` access | 6 traits, 60+ sites | +| ScopeContext (dead code) | 7 lines, empty class | + +--- + +## Issue 1: Entity classes — all-public mutable fields + +**Severity**: High. Every entity class exposes all internal state as public writable properties. External code in Preprocessor/CompilerBase directly mutates them. + +### 1.1 ClassDef (18 public properties) + +`src/Php/Entity/ClassDef.php` + +```php +public array $methods = []; // externally populated: $classDef->properties[$name] = ... +public array $properties = []; // externally populated +public array $constants = []; // externally populated +public array $implements = []; // externally populated +public string $extends = ''; // externally set: $this->classDef->extends = ... +public bool $requireCtor = false; +public bool $enum = false; +public ?string $enumBackingType = null; +public array $enumCases = []; +public array $abstractMethods = []; +public ?Trait_ $trait = null; +public array $traitAliases = []; +public array $traitIgnored = []; +public int $flags; // no visibility checks, raw bitmask +public bool $inheritedFromInternalClass = false; +public string $ctorInit = ''; // mutated during code generation +public string $ctorClean = ''; // mutated during code generation +public FunctionContext $propertyContext; // set after construction +``` + +**Issues**: +- `$properties`, `$methods`, `$constants` — exposed as raw arrays. External code does `$classDef->properties[$name] = $propDef`. No validation that the key matches `$propDef->name`, no type enforcement. +- `$flags` — raw int, no guarantee it's a valid Modifiers bitmask. +- `$ctorInit` / `$ctorClean` — mutated by CompilerBase during code generation, not initialization. +- Property additions use `addMethod()`, `addAbstractMethod()` but array properties are also set directly via `[] =`. +- `$extends` — set directly as raw string, bypasses `parent::__construct()` which also sets it on ClassLikeDef. + +**Recommendation**: +- Make `$methods`, `$properties`, `$constants` private, expose via `addMethod()`/`getMethod()` (already exists) +- Make `$flags` private, expose `isAbstract()` (already exists), add `isFinal()`, `isReadonly()` +- Make `$extends` write-once via `setExtends(string)` with validation +- Add `appendCtorInit(string)` and `appendCtorClean(string)` methods instead of direct string mutation + +### 1.2 FunctionDef (12 public properties) + +`src/Php/Entity/FunctionDef.php` + +```php +public string $name; +public string $returnType; +public array $argInfoList = []; // externally populated: $functionDef->argInfoList[] = $argInfo +public int $argCountRequired = 0; +public string $params = ''; // generated C++ param string, mutated during compilation +public string $namespace; +public bool $method = false; +public bool $stub = false; +public bool $returnTypeUndeclared = false; +public string $returnClass = ''; +public ?array $returnTypeCheck = null; +public string $returnTypeStr = ''; +public ?NodeAbstract $returnTypeNode = null; +``` + +**Issues**: +- `$name` and `$namespace` are set in constructor but still publicly writable — should be readonly +- `$argInfoList[]` is directly appended to by Preprocessor (line 329) +- `$params` is a codegen artifact stored on the entity — belongs in a separate compilation context + +**Recommendation**: +- Make constructor-set properties readonly (`$name`, `$namespace`, `$returnType`) +- Add `addArg(ArgInfo $arg)` method instead of direct array mutation +- Extract `$params` to a compilation context separate from the definition entity + +### 1.3 PropertyDef (7 public properties) + +`src/Php/Entity/PropertyDef.php` + +```php +public string $name; +public string $type; +public int $flags; +public ?string $default = null; +public ?ArrayInitPlan $arrayInitPlan = null; +public bool $nullable = false; +public string $class = ''; // set after construction +``` + +**Issues**: +- `$class` is set after construction externally (`$propDef->class = $fullClassName`) +- `$flags` is raw int — already has `isPrivate()`/`isProtected()`/`isPublic()`/`isStatic()` methods, good +- Constructor already sets all core fields — `$class` should be added to the constructor + +**Recommendation**: +- Add `$class` to the constructor (it's always known at construction time) +- Make constructor-set fields readonly or private + +### 1.4 MethodDef (4 public properties) + +`src/Php/Entity/MethodDef.php` + +```php +public int $flags; +public string $name; +public ?FunctionDef $functionDef = null; // set after construction +public bool $hasDynamicCall = false; +``` + +**Issues**: +- No flag-check methods — inline checks in CompilerBase should use `$methodDef->isPrivate()` instead +- `$functionDef` is set externally: `$this->methodDef->functionDef = $functionDef` (Preprocessor line 411) + +**Recommendation**: +- Add `HasFlags` trait (from Phase 3.1 of reuse plan) +- Add `setFunctionDef(FunctionDef $fd)` method with validation + +### 1.5 ConstantDef (8 public properties) + +```php +public string $name; +public string $type; +public int $flags; +public string $value; +public string $arrayExpr = ''; +public string $class = ''; +public ?NodeAbstract $valueExpr = null; +``` + +**Issues**: Same pattern — constructor sets core fields, but `$class` is set externally afterward. + +**Recommendation**: Add `$class` to constructor. + +--- + +## Issue 2: FunctionContext — public mutable grab-bag + +**Severity**: High. 26 public properties, all writable by any code with access to the context object. + +`src/Php/Context/FunctionContext.php` + +```php +public ?SsaBuilder $ssaBuilder = null; // transient analysis state +public array $stableObjects = []; // SSA optimizer state +public array $hoistedProps = []; // SSA optimizer state +public array $unsafeObjectProps = []; // SSA optimizer state +public array $objects = []; // object variable tracking +public array $stdArrays = []; // std container tracking +public array $stdContainers = []; // std container tracking +public array $localVars = []; // local variable table +public array $staticVars = []; // static variable table +public array $globalVars = []; // global variable table +public array $ceWrappers = []; // class entry wrappers +public int $tmpVarIndex = 0; // auto-increment counter +public array $arguments = []; // function arguments +public bool $inLoop = false; // control-flow state +public bool $inClosure = false; // control-flow state +public bool $hasMultiLevelBreak = false; +public bool $hasMultiLevelContinue = false; +public bool $inAssignExpr = false; // expression context +public array $beforeStmtLines = []; // deferred code (flushed before stmts) +public array $afterStmtLines = []; // deferred code (flushed after stmts) +public array $objectProps; // (uninitialized!) +public array $staticPropRefs = []; // static property references +public int $scopeLevel = 0; // lexical scope depth +/** @var array */ +public array $scopeLayouts = []; // per-scope data +``` + +**Issues**: +- Traits directly mutate deeply nested state: `$this->context->stdArrays[$var] = ...`, `$this->context->localVars[$name] = ...` +- No semantic grouping — analysis state, variable tracking, control-flow flags all mixed +- `$objectProps` is declared but never initialized (could be null at runtime) +- `$scopeLayouts` is managed through `enterScope()`/`leaveScope()` — but can be bypassed +- `$tmpVarIndex` auto-increment — should use a method instead of direct `++` + +**Recommendation**: +- Group related properties into sub-objects: `VariableTable`, `ControlFlowState`, `ScopeManager` +- Make properties that should only be read by the compiler layer private/protected with getters +- Add `incrementTmpVar(): int`, `addLocalVar()`, `addBeforeStmt()` methods +- Initialize `$objectProps = []` + +--- + +## Issue 3: CompilerBase — only 1.9% private methods + +**Severity**: Medium. Virtually everything is public or protected. + +`src/Php/CompilerBase.php` — 269 methods total: +- ~25 public methods (many should be protected or internal) +- ~239 protected methods (most should be private — internal helpers) +- **5 private methods** (1.9%) + +### 3.1 Methods that should be private + +The following methods are internal helpers only called from within CompilerBase (not from Preprocessor, Translator, or traits). They are unnecessarily `protected`: + +| Method | Line | Called from | +|--------|------|-------------| +| `resetFunction()` | 833 | Internal only | +| `resetMethod()` | 840 | Internal only | +| `resetClass()` | 846 | Internal only | +| `resolveObjectClassDef()` | 816 | Already private ✓ | +| `getBigIntLiteralString()` | 1183 | Already private ✓ | +| `getDecimalLiteralString()` | 1188 | Already private ✓ | +| `parseBeforeStmtLines()` | 1321 | Internal, but accessed by traits | +| `parseAfterStmtLines()` | 1331 | Internal, but accessed by traits | +| `genTmpVarName()` | 734 | Public — should at least be protected | + +### 3.2 Public methods that are internal concern + +| Method | Current visibility | Issue | +|--------|-------------------|-------| +| `genTmpVarName()` | public | Only used internally for variable name generation | +| `writeFile()` | public | File I/O — should be a separate service | +| `stop()` | public | Error helper — could be internal | +| `isScalarInt()` | public | AST helper, only used internally | +| `getType()` | public | AST helper, only used internally | +| `getObjectType()` | public | Type mapping, used internally | +| `getTypeFromZendType()` | public | Type mapping, used internally | +| `getIncludeDir()` | public | Config getter — should be on a Config object | +| `getBuildDir()` | public | Config getter — should be on a Config object | + +### 3.3 Public constants leaked as API + +30 public constants for internal type names, literal values, etc. These are needed by traits but expose internal naming conventions. + +--- + +## Issue 4: Trait → Context coupling + +**Severity**: Medium. Traits bypass any encapsulation boundary and directly mutate `$this->context`. + +| Trait | `$this->context->` accesses | +|-------|---------------------------| +| `StdContainerTrait` | 40+ accesses to `stdArrays`, `stdContainers`, `objects`, `localVars` | +| `LoopVarOptimizer` | accesses to `localVars`, `arguments`, `scopeLevel`, `inLoop` | +| `SsaPropOptimizer` | accesses to `stableObjects`, `hoistedProps`, `unsafeObjectProps`, `objects` | +| `FuncCallOptimizer` | accesses to `beforeStmtLines`, `arguments`, `localVars` | +| `SsaTypeOptimizer` | accesses to `localVars` | +| `BinaryOpTrait` | accesses to `objects`, `localVars` | + +**Issues**: +- Traits have no declared contract — they assume `$this->context` exists and has specific properties +- If a property name changes in FunctionContext, all 6 traits break silently +- No type safety — arrays are indexed by string but accessed with arbitrary keys + +**Recommendation**: +- Define a `ContextAccess` interface that traits must use instead of direct property access +- Or: inject context into trait methods as a parameter instead of reading from `$this` +- Short-term: add `@property-read` annotations to document the contract + +--- + +## Issue 5: Preprocessor directly mutates entity state + +**Severity**: Medium. Preprocessor bypasses entity boundaries. + +`src/Php/Preprocessor.php`: +```php +line 279: $argInfo->name = $name; // direct property set +line 329: $functionDef->argInfoList[] = $argInfo; // direct array append +line 411: $this->methodDef->functionDef = $functionDef; // direct property set +line 447: $this->classDef->extends = $this->parentClass; // direct property set +line 585: $this->classDef->constants[$constInfo->name] = ...; // direct array set +line 618: $this->classDef->properties[$name] = $propDef; // direct array set +``` + +**Recommendation**: Use entity methods: `$functionDef->addArg($argInfo)`, `$this->methodDef->setFunctionDef($functionDef)`, `$classDef->addProperty($propDef)`, etc. + +--- + +## Issue 6: CompilerBase protected state leaked to inheritance chain + +**Severity**: Low-Medium. The chain CompilerBase → Preprocessor → Translator means any protected property in CompilerBase is accessible from Translator. + +CompilerBase has ~50 protected properties. Translator is 3301 lines and accesses many of them. There's no way to know which properties are "safe to use" vs "internal to CompilerBase." + +**Recommendation**: Migrate internal-only properties to `private` over time, with explicit getter methods where needed. + +--- + +## Issue 7: Platform/Backend — well encapsulated + +**Severity**: None. The Platform and Backend layers are well-encapsulated: +- All state is private (e.g., `$compilerCommand`, `$linkerCommand` in GccLikeBackend) +- Only methods are public +- Abstract contracts are clear +- Factory pattern is used consistently + +**No changes needed in this layer.** + +--- + +## Issue 8: ScopeContext is dead code + +**Severity**: Low. `src/Php/Context/ScopeContext.php` — 7 lines, empty class body. Used as a placeholder type in FunctionContext's `$scopeLayouts` array. Either populate it or remove it. + +--- + +## Implementation Priority + +| # | Issue | Impact | Effort | Risk | +|---|-------|--------|--------|------| +| 1.1 | Entity: readonly for constructor fields | Data integrity | 2h | Low | +| 1.2 | Entity: add mutation methods (addArg, addProperty, etc.) | Safe mutation | 3h | Medium | +| 2.1 | FunctionContext: group properties into sub-objects | Clarity | 4h | Medium | +| 2.2 | FunctionContext: add accessor methods | Controlled mutation | 3h | Medium | +| 3 | CompilerBase: demote public→protected, protected→private | Boundary clarity | 4h | Medium | +| 4 | Define trait context contract | Safe coupling | 3h | Medium | +| 5 | Preprocessor: use entity methods | Consistent mutation | 2h | Low | +| 8 | Remove ScopeContext dead code | Cleanup | 15m | None | + +**Recommended order**: Start with 8 (quick win), then 1.1 + 1.2 (entity cleanup), then 2.1 + 2.2 (context cleanup), then 3 + 5 + 4 (CompilerBase boundary).