feat(parser): add validation for PHP 8.5 closure usage in constants and defaults

- Add php85 flag to control closure validation behavior based on PHP version
- Implement rejectUnsupportedClosure method to detect and reject closures in constant expressions
- Add validation for closures in class constant declarations with appropriate error messages
- Add validation for closures in property default values with appropriate error messages
- Add validation for closures in parameter default values with appropriate error messages
- Update documentation to reflect PHP 8.5 closure incompatibility in constants and defaults
- Add comprehensive test cases covering various closure usage scenarios in PHP 8.5
- Remove previously allowed PHP 8.5 class constant closure test case from validation tests

docs/INCOMPATIBLE_PHP_FEATURES.md

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 - PHP 8.4 Reflection Lazy Object 不能用于 TypePHP AOT 类。AOT 类以 persistent internal class 注册，而 Zend 的 `zend_object_make_lazy()` 明确拒绝 internal class；运行时动态加载的 ZendPHP user class 不受此限制。
 - 支持 `private(set)` 与 `protected(set)` 非对称属性可见性，并通过 PHP 8.4+ 的类级对象 handler 执行同等作用域检查。
 - 不支持闭包或箭头函数按引用返回。
+- 暂不支持 PHP 8.5 在全局常量、类常量、参数默认值或属性默认值中使用 `static function`；初始化表达式内嵌套的闭包同样会在编译期被拒绝。
 - `__construct()` 不允许返回值。
 - 参数默认值不允许出现在必填参数之前（`PHP`允许，但会直接丢弃此默认参数）。
 - 不支持引用可变参数 `&...$args`。

docs/PHP_INCOMPATIBILITY_CLASSIFICATION.md

@@ -83,6 +83,7 @@ These items should be documented with the exact boundary.
 |---|---|---|
 | Variable variables (`$$var`) | Pending | Add a function-local symbol table mirror for dynamic locals, and disable or synchronize native locals that escape into dynamic lookup. |
 | Closure or arrow function returning by reference | Pending | Closure metadata and wrappers must preserve return-by-reference and emit `ReturnRef`. |
+| PHP 8.5 closures in constants, parameter defaults or property defaults | Pending | Use context-aware runtime initializers: cache constants and property defaults per request, create parameter defaults per omitted call, and never place request-local zvals in persistent MINIT storage. |
 | Closure and arrow function by-reference parameters | Pending | Closure arginfo must preserve by-reference parameters and call lowering must pass reference slots. |
 | By-reference variadic parameters (`&...$args`) | Pending | Variadic storage must preserve references instead of copying values. |
 | By-reference parameters with default values | Pending | Need PHP-compatible handling for omitted arguments using temporary default values while still binding references for passed arguments. |

phpunit/src/ConstantExpressionValidatorTest.php

@@ -177,10 +177,6 @@ final class ConstantExpressionValidatorTest extends PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase
             'function f(int $seed) { static $value = loadValue($seed); }',
             '8.4',
         ];
-        yield 'PHP 8.5 class constant allows static closure' => [
-            'class C { const VALUE = static function (): int { return 1; }; }',
-            '8.5',
-        ];
         yield 'PHP 8.5 property allows scalar cast' => ['class C { public int $value = (int) 1.5; }', '8.5'];
     }
 
@@ -232,6 +228,41 @@ final class ConstantExpressionValidatorTest extends PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase
             '8.4',
             'Constant expression contains invalid operations',
         ];
+        yield 'PHP 8.5 global constant closure is not supported by TypePHP' => [
+            'const VALUE = static function (): int { return 1; };',
+            '8.5',
+            'Closures in constant declarations are not supported by TypePHP',
+        ];
+        yield 'PHP 8.5 class constant closure is not supported by TypePHP' => [
+            'class C { const VALUE = static function (): int { return 1; }; }',
+            '8.5',
+            'Closures in constant declarations are not supported by TypePHP',
+        ];
+        yield 'PHP 8.5 nested class constant closure is not supported by TypePHP' => [
+            'class C { const VALUE = [static function (): int { return 1; }]; }',
+            '8.5',
+            'Closures in constant declarations are not supported by TypePHP',
+        ];
+        yield 'PHP 8.5 parameter default closure is not supported by TypePHP' => [
+            'function f(Closure $value = static function (): int { return 1; }) {}',
+            '8.5',
+            'Closures in parameter default values are not supported by TypePHP',
+        ];
+        yield 'PHP 8.5 property default closure is not supported by TypePHP' => [
+            'class C { public Closure $value = static function (): int { return 1; }; }',
+            '8.5',
+            'Closures in property default values are not supported by TypePHP',
+        ];
+        yield 'PHP 8.5 nested parameter default closure is not supported by TypePHP' => [
+            'function f(mixed $value = [static function (): int { return 1; }]) {}',
+            '8.5',
+            'Closures in parameter default values are not supported by TypePHP',
+        ];
+        yield 'PHP 8.5 nested property default closure is not supported by TypePHP' => [
+            'class C { public mixed $value = [static function (): int { return 1; }]; }',
+            '8.5',
+            'Closures in property default values are not supported by TypePHP',
+        ];
     }
 
     public function testExposesPhpStyleNodeWhitelist(): void

src/Transform/ConstantExpressionValidationVisitor.php

@@ -10,6 +10,8 @@ namespace TypePhp\Transform;
 
 use Closure;
 use PhpParser\Node;
+use PhpParser\Node\Expr;
+use PhpParser\NodeFinder;
 use PhpParser\NodeVisitorAbstract;
 use TypePhp\Exception\SyntaxError;
 
@@ -25,6 +27,7 @@ use TypePhp\Exception\SyntaxError;
 final class ConstantExpressionValidationVisitor extends NodeVisitorAbstract
 {
     private readonly ConstantExpressionValidator $validator;
+    private readonly bool $php85;
 
     /** @param null|Closure(Node, string): never $fatalError */
     public function __construct(
@@ -33,6 +36,7 @@ final class ConstantExpressionValidationVisitor extends NodeVisitorAbstract
     )
     {
         $this->validator = new ConstantExpressionValidator($phpVersion);
+        $this->php85 = version_compare($phpVersion, '8.5', '>=');
     }
 
     public function enterNode(Node $node): null
@@ -60,6 +64,10 @@ final class ConstantExpressionValidationVisitor extends NodeVisitorAbstract
 
         if ($node instanceof Node\Stmt\ClassConst) {
             foreach ($node->consts as $constant) {
+                $this->rejectUnsupportedClosure(
+                    $constant->value,
+                    'Closures in constant declarations are not supported by TypePHP',
+                );
                 $this->validator->validate($constant->value, allowDynamic: false);
             }
             return null;
@@ -68,6 +76,10 @@ final class ConstantExpressionValidationVisitor extends NodeVisitorAbstract
         if ($node instanceof Node\Stmt\Property) {
             foreach ($node->props as $property) {
                 if ($property->default !== null) {
+                    $this->rejectUnsupportedClosure(
+                        $property->default,
+                        'Closures in property default values are not supported by TypePHP',
+                    );
                     $this->validator->validate($property->default, allowDynamic: false);
                 }
             }
@@ -80,12 +92,20 @@ final class ConstantExpressionValidationVisitor extends NodeVisitorAbstract
         }
 
         if ($node instanceof Node\Param && $node->default !== null) {
+            $this->rejectUnsupportedClosure(
+                $node->default,
+                'Closures in parameter default values are not supported by TypePHP',
+            );
             $this->validator->validate($node->default, allowDynamic: true);
             return null;
         }
 
         if ($node instanceof Node\Stmt\Const_) {
             foreach ($node->consts as $constant) {
+                $this->rejectUnsupportedClosure(
+                    $constant->value,
+                    'Closures in constant declarations are not supported by TypePHP',
+                );
                 $this->validator->validate($constant->value, allowDynamic: true);
             }
             return null;
@@ -93,4 +113,23 @@ final class ConstantExpressionValidationVisitor extends NodeVisitorAbstract
 
         return null;
     }
+
+    private function rejectUnsupportedClosure(Expr $expression, string $message): void
+    {
+        if (!$this->php85) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        $closure = (new NodeFinder())->findFirstInstanceOf($expression, Expr\Closure::class);
+        if ($closure === null) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        // TODO(PHP 8.5): Lower closures in constant-expression declaration
+        // values to context-aware runtime initializer plans. Constants and
+        // properties cache a Closure per request, while parameter defaults
+        // create one per omitted call. Never store a request-local zval in
+        // persistent MINIT class metadata.
+        throw new SyntaxError($message);
+    }
 }