TypePHP 编译器
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7.0 KiB
7.0 KiB
py2php:Python → TypePHP 源码转换工具
用法
./bin/tpc.php --convert-python-to-php examples/python/version.py > examples/python/version.php
生成的 PHP 源码输出到 stdout,错误输出到 stderr,退出码 0 成功 / 1 失败。
架构
.py 源码
└─ PythonAstLoader python3 子进程(ast 模块)→ JSON AST
└─ PythonToTypePhpConverter AST → TypePHP 源码字符串
└─ Command::execute CLI 分发(--convert-python-to-php)
- 源码:
src/PythonTools/Command.php、src/PythonTools/Converter/ - 不支持的语法抛出
RuntimeException("{file}:{line}: unsupported Python syntax {节点类型}[: 详情]"),CLI 层转为 stderr + 退出码 1。 - 测试:
phpunit/src/PythonTools/(PythonToTypePhpConverterTest、PythonAstLoaderTest、PythonToolsCommandTest),与本文档逐项对应。
语句支持矩阵
| Python 语法 | 状态 | 转换规则 / 报错 |
|---|---|---|
x = expr |
✅ | $x = expr;,模块级变量自动注入 global |
x += expr 等增强赋值 |
✅ | 支持 `+ - * / % ** << >> |
x: int = expr |
✅ | 忽略注解,转换为普通赋值 |
x: int(纯注解) |
❌ | AnnAssign: annotation-only assignments have no TypePHP runtime value |
x = y = 1 |
❌ | Assign: chained assignments are not supported yet |
a, b = x(解构) |
❌ | Assign: destructuring assignments are not supported yet |
def f(...) |
✅ | 见「函数签名」;函数名为 main 报错(与 TypePHP 入口冲突) |
嵌套 def |
❌ | FunctionDef: nested functions require Python closure scope analysis |
@decorator |
❌ | FunctionDef: function decorators are not supported yet |
return [expr] |
✅ | return [expr]; |
if / elif / else |
✅ | 同构转换 |
while |
✅ | 同构转换;while/else 不支持 |
for i in iter |
✅ | foreach (iter as $i);for/else、元组目标不支持 |
break / continue / pass |
✅ | pass → // pass 注释 |
global x |
✅ | global $x;(与自动注入的 global 并存时会重复出现,冗余但合法,属已知行为) |
del x / del o.a / del d[k] |
✅ | unset(...);其他目标类型报错 Delete: unsupported del target |
| 模块级字符串字面量(docstring) | ✅ | 转为 /** ... */ 注释(*/ 转义为 * /) |
import a.b |
✅ | use python\a;(仅首段作为别名,见「已知行为」) |
import a.b as x |
✅ | use python\a\b as x;(别名等于末段时省略 as) |
from m import f [as g] |
✅ | 调用点映射为 python\m\f(...) |
from . import m |
❌ | ImportFrom: relative imports are not supported yet |
from m import * |
❌ | ImportFrom: star imports are not supported |
class |
❌ | ClassDef |
with |
❌ | With |
raise / try / assert |
❌ | Raise / Try / Assert |
async def / await |
❌ | AsyncFunctionDef(await 不可达,外层先报错) |
match |
❌ | Match |
nonlocal |
❌ | Nonlocal |
函数签名
| Python 形态 | 状态 | TypePHP 输出 |
|---|---|---|
def f(x, y=4) |
✅ | function f($x, $y = 4) |
def f(a, *, b) |
✅ | function f($a, $b = null)(无默认值的仅关键字参数补 null) |
def f(*args) / def f(**kw) |
✅ | function f(...$args) |
def f(*a, **kw) |
❌ | FunctionDef: simultaneous *args and **kwargs cannot be represented by one PHP signature |
lambda a, b=2: a + b |
✅ | fn ($a, $b = 2) => $a + $b |
表达式支持矩阵
| Python 语法 | 状态 | 转换规则 / 报错 |
|---|---|---|
字面量 int / float / str / True / False / None |
✅ | var_export;None → null |
b'...' bytes |
❌ | {file}: Python bytes literals are not supported yet(无行号) |
1j complex |
❌ | {file}: Python complex literals are not supported yet(无行号) |
| 变量名 | ✅ | $name;this 转义为 $this_ |
| 模块别名作为值 | ❌ | a Python module cannot be used as a first-class value in TypePHP namespace syntax |
属性链 o.a.b |
✅ | $o->a->b;模块别名链仅首段为模块成员:sys.version_info.major → sys\version_info->major |
| 模块属性赋值/删除 | ❌ | Attribute: Python module attributes cannot be assigned or deleted |
| 函数调用 | ✅ | 已定义函数直连 f(...);内置函数映射 python\len(...);from m import f 映射 python\m\f(...);其他名字按变量可调用 $f(...) |
关键字参数 / *args / **kwargs 调用 |
✅ | f(x: 1, ...$args) |
容器字面量 [] () {} {:} |
✅ | python\list/tuple/set/dict([...]),支持 ... 解包 |
二元运算 + - * / % ** << >> | ^ & |
✅ | 同构转换 |
// 整除 / @ 矩阵乘 |
✅ | python\operator\floordiv(a, b) / python\operator\matmul(a, b) |
一元运算 - + not ~ |
✅ | - + ! ~ |
比较 == != < <= > >= |
✅ | 同构转换 |
is / is not |
✅ | === / !== |
in / not in |
✅ | python\operator\contains(b, a)(参数交换)/ 取反 |
链式比较 a < b < c |
❌ | Compare: chained comparisons require explicit temporary variables |
a and b / a or b |
❌ | BoolOp |
x if c else y |
✅ | (c ? x : y) |
下标 a[i] / 切片 a[l:u:s] |
✅ | $a[$i] / $a[python\slice(l, u, s)](缺省为 null) |
| f-string | ✅ | 拼接 + ->toString();运算符等优先级敏感表达式整体加括号 |
f-string 的 !r 转换 / :03d 格式说明 |
❌ | FormattedValue: formatted f-string conversions are not supported yet |
海象 := |
❌ | NamedExpr |
| 推导式 / 生成器表达式 | ❌ | ListComp / SetComp / DictComp / GeneratorExp |
yield / yield from |
❌ | Yield / YieldFrom |
print / sys.exit 降级规则
仅当 PHP 行为与 Python 完全一致时才降级为原生语句:
| 形态 | 输出 |
|---|---|
print() |
echo "\n"; |
print("a", "b")(字符串/整数常量、模块属性、容器、f-string) |
echo 'a', ' ', 'b', "\n"; |
print(1.5)、print(True)、print(x, sep=...) |
不降级:python\print(...) |
用户定义/导入/赋值遮蔽 print 后 |
不降级 |
sys.exit() / sys.exit(2)(含 from sys import exit 形式) |
exit; / exit(2); |
sys.exit("fail") |
不降级:sys\exit('fail'); |
已知行为(非错误,但需留意)
import os.path(无别名)只引入首段use python\os;。- 函数内显式
global x与按模块全局自动注入的global x会重复出现(合法 PHP)。 print = str这类把内置名赋给变量的写法,右侧按变量处理($print = $str;),不做内置名解析。- bytes/complex 字面量的报错没有行号(常量在 AST 加载阶段编码,位置信息未传递)。
运行测试
vendor/bin/phpunit --filter 'PythonToTypePhpConverterTest|PythonAstLoaderTest|PythonToolsCommandTest'
转换器测试依赖真实 python3 解析 AST,环境缺失时自动跳过。